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SHORT-HORN COW PERFECTION.

White-calved in 1852-bred by Mr. Hume of Kentucky-the property of Col. WM. H. SLINGERLAND, Norman's Kill, Albany Co., N. Y. Got by Rough and Ready, 929-dam Red Rose by Rhoderic Dhu, 2143. Young Pink, by Leonidas, 632. Kate, by Marshall Suwarrow, 692. Old Pink, by a son of imp. Tecumseh, (5049.) by imp. San Martin, (2599.) Mrs. Mott, [imp. by Col. Lewis Sanders of Grass Hills, Kentucky, in 1817, with "Tecumseh" and "San Martin,"] by Adam, (717.) · Starling, by a son [by Favorite, (252,)] of Mr. Maynard's old Yellow Favorite Cow. Starling, by a son of Hubback, (319.) by Manfield, (404.) Young Strawberry, [bred by Mr. John Maynard and sold to Mr. Charles Colling in 1785,] by Dalton Duke, (188.) Old Favorite or Lady Maynard, [bred by Mr. Maynard,] by R. Alcock's Bull, (19.) by Jacob Smith's Bull, (608.) Strawberry, by Jolly's Bull, (337.)

Manuring or Top-Dressing Dairy Pastures.

It is pretty generally known, we presume, that bones have been found superior to any other manure for the purpose of improving grass lands generally, and pastures used for dairy purposes in particular. This is the result of many observations and experiments in different localities, of which, however, none are so generally known, or so conclusive as those made during the last thirty years in Yorkshire, Cheshire and Lancashire, England. It has been repeatedly stated in our agricultural publications-so often that it must have met the eye of almost every reader of these publications-that, in the neighborhood of the city of Chester there is a wide range of land which of late years has maintained 30 to 50 per cent. more stock than it did thirty years ago. Mention has also been made of one farm upon which, about ten or twelve years ago, bones were applied at the rate of 15 cwt. per acre, and upon a part of which, at the rate of 8 cwt, have been applied since. This farm now keeps, and has kept ever since the ap plication of bones, more than double the stock it did previously.

Such facts as these, and the generally acklowledged superiority of bones as a dressing for grass lands and dairy pastures, were vividly brought to memory by the reading of an inquiry and the reply thereto, which we quote below from the North British Agriculturist, published at Edinburgh. Taking for granted, very obviously, the superiority of bone manure, a reader of that paper inquires what kind or form of bone manure is best to apply to cow pasture as a top dressing, to which the editor replies as follows: "For permanent effect, apply bone-dust-sometimes sold under the term of bone-mealmade from bones or bone ash, or a mixture of both. Be certain that you obtain a genuine article, as it is frequently adulterated. For immediate effect we would suggest that you apply a superphosphate, or perhaps still better, a cheap phosphatic guano. These guanos usually contain a very considerable, and sometimes even a large percentage of phosphate of lime, and are sold at lower rates than either bone dust or superphosphate."

Beef Barrels for Pork Packing.

It is a popular notion that beef barrels are unfit for packing pork--that pork cannot be kept sweet in barrels formerly used for this purpose. H. Dodge, of Buffalo, N. Y., says, in an article on this subject in the Rural New-Yorker, that unless they have contained spoiled brine-which they are often. allowed to do, through carelessness in not emptying them before hot weather-they will keep pork as well as new barrels, or those which have been used for pork only. He adds, that barrels in which brine has been left to putrefy, cannot be rendered fit for use again by any process; an assertion we take the liberty to doubt.

Last year a new barrel in which a quarter of beef had been packed, was left in the cellar after the meat was all consumed-and we believe a small quantity of veal was pickled in the brine, while it was yet sweet. This was used out, and noticeable-it was traced to this pailful or two of brine, and the barrel left without emptying, until a bad smell became was at once removed from the cellar. The barrel was washed and scalded several times, with but very little effect on the odor it had acquired; and we advised that it be buried about eighteen inches deep in loamy earth, and filled with the same, several inches above the extent of the brine, for several weeks. This was done, and the odor was removed; it was again washed, and has been used the past winter for packing beef with perfect success; and we have no doubt that pork might have been kept therein without injury from the barrel.

It is well known that fresh earth is a powerful deodorizer and disinfectant. In extreme cases it might be necessary to renew the filling several times, and a clayey loam would be better than that mostly sand, having stronger absorbent power. The best way, however, is to take care to empty all beef barrels while the brine is sweet, and as soon as the meat is used, thus saving a large amount of disagreeable labor.

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Having recently had a number of inquiries similar to the above, we copy the figure of the washing machine alluded to, and give the measurements of the different parts, which will probably enable any mechanic of fair abilities to make one. The trough or box for holding the water should be made of clear inch and a quarter plank, and be secured very strongly at the corners, so as not only to be water-tight, but to withstand the pressure of the board. It should be about 14 inches wide inside, 23 inches long, and 11 inches deep. The legs, to which the corners in front are firmly nailed or screwed, (the end pieces of the box projecting for this purpose as far as the thickness of the legs,) should be an inch and a half thick, 3 inches wide, and two feet long to the top. The standards for supporting the swinging or perforated board, screwed to the outside of the box, are strips one inch thick, and three or four inches wide; they have a notch at the top for the pivot of the swing board to turn in-they rise two feet above the top of the box. The handle A, and the thrusting bar C, attached to it by the strong joint D, are both of cast-iron-the handle is 18 inches long, and the joint D is 3 inches from the end B. The bar C is 10 inches long. The perforated board, a small portion of which is shown in the cut, just swings freely inside the box, or within half an inch of the bottom. Now, by working the handle A backwards and fowards, the connecting bar C thrusts the swing board against the back side of the box, pressing with great force the clothes placed there. The clothes are placed only on this side of the swing board, and not on both When the handle is drawn back towards the operator, there is space of about 8 inches for the clothes; when full pressure is given, this epace is reduced to three or four inches, and the quantity of clothes should be just sufficient to fill it The bottom of the swing board has a sloping projection or ledge running its whole length, and wide enough to touch the back of the box, when pressed against it, to prevent the clothes from working under it. The bar C is notched so as to regulate this space--and these notches, which are large and strong, fit a very stout iron projection at the top of the swing board, screwed on firmly, and secured by clasping the top of the swing board.

sides.

The patterns for the cast-iron handle and bar, being simple, could be easily made. It seems strange that this simple, efficient, and valuable machine should not be found anywhere, in market. The one which we have now used for inany years was made by a mechanic of small business, who has since given it up-the cost about six dollars. It is easily worked by a boy ten years old.

Notes from Correspondents and Exchanges.

THE ROYAL IRISH SOCIETY.-The coming Exhibition of the Royal Agricultural Improvement Society of Ireland, is to be held at Cork, July 25th. The following paragraph in the Irish Farmer's Gazette of a recent date, has accidentally escaped earlier notice:

We take the opportunity of reminding those of our American friends who may be desirous of procuring stock, that Cork is particularly convenient for them, Queenstown being now the point of departure and arrival of a weekly line of steamers to and from America; and we hope that our excellent contemporary, the COUNTRY GENTLE MAN, (Albany,) and our other American exchanges, will bring this fact under the notice of their numerous readers."

It gives us pleasure to comply with this request; and we may add that, judging from the columns of the Gazette, more interest than usual is taken in the show referred to. THE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES OF MASSACHUSETTS.W. LATHAM, Esq., of Bridgewater has been kind enough to transcribe for our columns the following list of the names and residences of the Secretaries of es of the Agricultural Societies in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, for the year 1860-to which we add the time when each will hold its next annual exhibition, so far as we have been able to ascertain: Massachusetts-Richard S. Fay, Boston-no Exhibition, we believe. Essex-Allen W. Dodge, Hamilton-Exhibition Sept. 25. Middlesex South-James W. Brown, Framingham-Sept. 18. Middlesex-Joseph Raynolds-Concord-Sept. 20. Middlesex North-George Stevens, Lowell-Sept. 13. Worcester-Henry R. Keith, Grafton-Oct. 2. Worcester West-Charles Brimblecom, Barre-Sept. 27. Worcester North-Wm. G. Wyman, Fitchburg-Sept. 25. Worcester South-Samuel H. Hobbs, Sturbridge-Oct. 4. Hampshire, Franklin and Hampden-H. K. Starkweather, NorthHampshire-Lucius N. Boltwood, Amherst Oct. 11. ampton-Oct. 4. Hampden-J. N. Bagg, West Springfield--Sept. 20. Hampden East-George Robinson, Palmer-Sept. 18. Franklin-James S. Grennell, Greenfield-Sept. 27. Housatonic-Samuel B. Sumner, Great Barrington-Sept. 26. Berkshire-Thomas Colt, Pittsfield-Sept. 27, or Oct. 4. TOM 10 Norfolk-H. O. Hildreth, Dedham-Sept. 27. Bristol-Lemuel T. Talbot, Taunton-Oct. 2. Plymouth-Williams Latham. Bridgewater-Oct. 4. Nantucket-James M. Bunker, Nantucket-Oct. 11. Barnstable-S. B. Thinney, Barnstable-Oct. 9. Martha's Vineyard-Henry L. Whiting, West Tisbury-Oct. 16.

WESTERN N. Y. AG., HORTICULTURAL AND MECH'L ASSOCIATION.-The Directors of this new Association held their first meeting at Rochester, on the 26th ult., and organized by electing P. BARRY, President, and D. D. T. Moore, Secretary. The Secretary was instructed to procure and open books for obtaining subscriptions to the stock of the Association, and a committee was appointed to solicit subscriptions. We learn from the Rural NewYorker that the proceedings throughout were "quite harmonious."

NEVER MISSES.-I have been a subscriber to your old "Genesee Farmer," "The Cultivator," and "The Country Gentleman," more than twenty years; of the latter I have not missed a number. On account of the "hard times" I have thought seriously of discontinuing it, but I have come to the conclusion that I cannot afford to cut such an old and valued acquaintance. A. K. Whitewater, Wisc.

REFUSE TAN-A correspondent of the North British Agriculturist writes to enquire the value of refuse tan as a manure, as he can obtain it at a small cost in large quantities, to which that paper replies, "refuse tan is of little value as a manure, You should obtain it for carting away. Used as a litter it will absorb liquid manure. The soils to apply it to are tenacious soils, such as cold clays."

SPRING WHEAT.I see that some of your correspondents think wheat is a hard crop to raise, but I disagree, with them. The past season I sowed four bushels of China wheat on two acres of ground, and harvested 65 bushels from the same. The above crop was raised without manure of any kind. If any of your subscribers can beat that, I'll try again. E. B. Butternuts.

LARGE EAR OF CORN.-H. Keller of Wrightsville, does not come up to the ear of corn I had in Frederick, grown by David Kemp, (one of your subscribers,) in the year 1837. It contained 1812 grains. I could never get its equal, though I gave a reward of $5 for the largest ear. Pomona, Md.

W. C. H.

WHITE BEANS.

Clean culture'

be no great task to exterminate them. The growing of white beans as a general farm crop, will should be the rule with this crop-and especially so if we no doubt receive a renewed impetus from the success of grow it, instead of summer fallowing preparatory to a experiments in feeding them to farm stock the past win-wheat crop. The growth and yield of the beans will be much lessened by a weedy state of the soil, and their even ripening hindered.

ter. It has been found that they are of high value for sheep, fed whole and raw, and when mixed with other grains and ground, make meal or provender, readily eaten by cattle, hogs and horses, and that of the most nutritious kind. Poultry can also be fed upon them, if first cooked, and we have seen them eaten raw by hens. Of their culinary uses we need scarcely speak-they have long been known and prized by the human race as a hearty and nour ishing vegetable food.

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Though they may not bring as high a price in market as some other kinds, the small or medium beans" are found the most profitable on several accounts. They yield well, ripen early and evenly-both important considerations→ and are more easily cured and fitted for market, than the larger and later varieties. Their value for feeding pur poses, is no doubt fully equal to that of any other.

Another inducement to attention to this crop, to woolgrowing farmers, is the value of the stalks or straw for fodder. We have frequently referred to its use when speaking of winter forage for these animals. The subject of harvesting may be left until a more seasonable period.

Belonging to that class of plants which draw lightly upon the soil, and being planted in rows, so as to admit of the use of the horse-cultivator and clean culture, they may profitably take the place of the summer fallow before wheat and other autumn crops. And if fed out upon the farm, their culture will constantly enhance the fertility of [For the Country Gentleman and Cultivator.] the same. We have that faith in these statements that TURNING STOCK TO GRASS EARLY. leads us to put them into practice, and in resuming wheat culture, shall grow beans as a fallow crop, and for feeding MESSRS. EDITORS-If I rightly apprehend the spirit of sheep and cows, for which we have already employed them your valuable paper, it is open to the discussion of agrito a considerable extent, and with very satisfactory results. cultural matters and the experiments and experiences of agriculturists generally, however widely they may differ Beans do well on any dry mellow soil, if we except in their results. Now your issue of March 1st, contained muck, but are best suited with the best corn soils, mode- an article from the pen of Mr. EMERSON of Hollis, Mass.,,, rately fertile, but not directly manured. A clayey loam under the above caption. Mr. JOHNSTON, near Geneva, will grow good beans-even a clay soil, thoroughly drain-replies, and denounces the views expressed in that article; ed, will do so. We may safely say, that on any soil sufficiently warm and deep to produce wheat, we may grow beans profitably as a fallow crop.

After the other spring crops are sown, and the corn planted, getting in the bean crop fills up the few weeks which intervene before "hoeing and haying." Turning under a clover sod or any loam land greensward with a flat furrow, and then harrowing thoroughly, so as to get a mellow soil, we would be ready to plant about the first of June. This can be done with a common seed-drill, arranged so as to drop single beans two inches apart, and two and a half feet distant in the rows. They are more conveniently hoed, as well as pulled, if planted in hills, the same distance apart in the rows, and from fourteen to eighteen inches distant in the drills, according to the strength of the land and the habit of the variety planted. For hill planting, we first mark out the drills with a marker, making three or four rows at once, two and a half feet apart, and then plant across these with a hand-planter putting from four to six beans in the hill. It is sometimes necessary in using these planters to go over the ground with hoes, so as to make sure work of every hill-some always failing get covered with mellow earth.

On such land weeds are seldom troublesome-if any should appear, as soon as the beans got three or four rough leaves, we would on a dry day turn in a flock of sheep. They must not be too hungry when they come in, or remain after their work is done, or they may injure the beans. Then, when the plants were six inches high, the passage through the rows of a horse-hoe, set so as to throw a light furrow of soil toward the beans, would finish the culture, for they would by that time branch out so as cover the ground. It should be remembered that beans will not bear working while wet; the earth falling on the wet leaves, rusts them, and injures their growth. On foul land the horse-hoe should be used early, as soon as the weeds appear, and frequently, as fast as they grow up, and it will

but I for one am inclined to believe that the article or Emerson is justly entitled to some credit for the following reasons: The Hon. AZOR B. CRANE of this place, bought fourteen farrow cows April 23, 1857-turned seven of them to grass that day-hired the others kept three weeks on good hay-then turned them with the first named seven head more than the others brought two months later-the to grass. The first seven sold, before July 15, for $5 per late ones selling for less per lb. for not being fit for the butcher sooner.

Next, two steers, turned to grass April 20, 1858, (by the same gentleman,) had no hay or grain after-weight about 2,000 lbs.-killed in August-had gained over 500 lbs. liveweight. They had run in a range with thirty others. June 16, 1858, turned in the same range twenty-three steers-had been kept on bay to that time nearly-were in much the same condition as the two before namedweight 950 lbs. each, or a fraction over. Run till Nov. 1— weighed in like condition on same scales-had gained 298 lbs. per head. I can give you other experiments if called for.

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Now for opinions. While driving last named lot to be weighed, we met a cattle-man of great experience in cattle-keeping, who was raised in our town, and has grown old and rich in the business, and on being asked how much best of the season is gone." they would gain by Nov. 1, replied-"Not much; the After the last weighing, I asked another gentleman, similarly situated, how much steers should gain in one grass season. He said 500 lbs. But on being told they were turned out so late, he said I told him 298. They should have gained more, said he. cattle must go to grass early to gain well. And that kind of sentiment prevails in this county among men who make money by fatting cattle.

Of sheep we keep but few-all ewes-and endeavor to

get their lambs to market by July 15, at from $4 to $6 time. The custom is to turn them to grass day times as per head, and often let the ewes go to market at the same soon as it appears-generally early in April. I have often bought store ewes near Mr. Johnston's in the fall, that looked as if they had been turned to grass late the spring before, together with her lamb, for $1 each-brought them home and sold their lambs next June from $4 to $5.50 per head, the ewes being worth nearly as much-fed no grain except in March when the ewes were coming in, and

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always let them to grass as soon as it appears. I can particularize if called for.

Mr. Johnston has farmed long-has been observing, and has, I doubt not, arrived at many correct conclusions pertaining to farming in his locality. He considers underdraining as the one thing needful, Well, it may be for him. I should underdrain, or keep my cattle confined until June, if experience should prove either or both advisable; and for those who are situated on the slope of high clay ridges, where all the water that accumulates above must pass down over the surface, underdraining is not only proper but necessary; and to turn stock to grass on such land early, would be the height of folly. But where land is sufficiently uneven in surface to give free circulation to water, with a porous subsoil-where the soil is fit for the plow in spring when the frost is gone, underdraining seems unnecessary; and where, from being used as a cattle range for years, many parts get so rich that the grass falls down and rots, if not eaten early; and where are some swaley parts, (too rocky to underdrain,) the grass of which is eagerly devoured if cattle have access to it early, if not eaten before better grasses get up, will be left, it seems to me, to turn out. I forgot to remark, cattle or sheep are not apt to fatten fast either on the grass or hay of lands where underdrains are necessary every fifteen feet. B. T. CRANE. Putnam Co., N. Y.

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reasons.

We use split posts, from the fact that the same timber will yield full one-third more in number than can be obtained by sawing. The ground is marked off for a fourteen foot board; two lines are stretched, one several feet above the other; the posts are set by them, two and a half feet deep, and well tamped level full. The butt ends down, are sufficiently lasting for an ordinary life-time, if made of good white oak, while the pins and flat stones used by your correspondent to keep them in the ground, are superfluous.

Then for the boards; we take good hemlock, full one inch thick, and just six inches wide and no wider, and begin to build. The upper board is placed four feet above the uniform surface of the ground, true and even throughout the whole length. Then mark off a space of eight inches; begin on the second post, so as to break joints with the upper course; proceed as with the first. Then again, leaving a space of six inches, begin on the first post again; breaking joints with the preceding course, you may finish the third board. Once more, leave a space of four inches, beginning on the second post and finish your fence. Then the last board is still six inches from the ground. Here is the place to anchor the fence. Take the oxen; they go closer to the boards than horses; take the plow and turn two good even furrows on each side of that fence. You may then turn professor of the spading science and throw the outer furrow on the top of the inner, till the dirt reaches the board, filling, heaping full, about each post. That fence will not pull out with the frost. It takes the action of frost on water to do that, but the water is in the ditch.

How is the economy of all this? Breaking joints strengthens the fence, while six inch boards excuse snowdrifts, escape high winds, and they save lumber. This plan puts just two feet of lumber in each line or foot of fence. Caps and battens are useless. The ditch protects it from animal assault and battery. It is high enough. No beast can pass it without starting at least three feet from the boards, rising four feet high and going as far on the other side to reach even ground. Fences made on this plan have stood here for five years past; they have not risen one inch, nor are they in any place, three inches

from the line along the top. But they do not take so much lumber, auger work, stone picking and sweat, as that other fence. GEO. W. GAGE. Canandaigua, Apr. 18.

[For the Country Gentleman and Cultivator.] OATS---IMPORTED SEED.

EDS. Co. GENT.-Seeing recently in the Co. Gent., an inquiry whether the sowing of the heavier varieties of oats from England, was attended in this country with advantageous results, I will state that several years ago, another gentleman and myself imported from Liverpool a lot of the Potato oats, a very fine article, weighing 42 lbs. to the bushel-which we sowed. The resultant crop was also heavy, and a handsome sample; though I cannot state with certainty the weight, it was over 35 lbs., and I think it was 87. It continued to diminish in weight with each successive sowing for three years, till it reached my mini-.. mum standard for seed, twenty-nine pounds, when I again changed for the Black oats grown on Prince Edward's Island, whence I generally renew my seed trienially. This also is over forty pounds in weight when well cleaned, and the crop of last year from it weighed thirty-six pounds when cleaned for market, and yielded on thirteen acres, six hundred and fifty bushels, not lodging. Drill sown

Ioats are found to stand better with us than hand sown and harrowed, and the difference is sometimes striking when side by side. And in my turn, I also have a question or two to ask.

Does any one know anything about the growth and habits of the Rape plant in this country; and whether it would be a good thing to sow amongst corn at the last working, to afford fall or winter pasture for sheep, or to turn in as a green crop in the spring? Also, can the seed be obtained here? An article in reply to these queries, would add to the value of your already inestimable columns, and be thankfully read by your subscriber.

SAML. P. NICHOLSON,

Yardville, Mercer Co., N. J., 4th mo. 23.

[For the Country Gentleman and Cultivator.] USE OF FLAX SHIVES.

EDS. Co. GENT.-In answer to your correspondent in

regard to flax shives as a manure, I would simply state my experience with them. On dry soils I have found very little or any benefit from their application. It takes a long time for them to decay, and they are very much in the way in cultivation of crops.

from their use. In moist and wet soils, I have seen a decided benefit On a low land meadow in my neighborhood, where stood a flax-mill, and where the shives had been profusely used, I observed a great increase in the crop of grass, and this continued for twenty-five years.

Decidedly the best way to use them, is to bed down the stock in the stables, and to spread them occasionally over the barn-yard. They absorb the liquid manure and soon decay; and then, like all vegetable matter, become valua

ble.

The

I have found the dry shives of very great benefit in covering the grounds in the garden for raising vegetables, when it is prepared for planting, and burning them. ash is of some value, and warming the surface a little more, but the great benefit is the destruction of a vast number of insects so destructive to vegetation, and the plants get large enough before others appear, to withstand their attacks. I could not raise melons or vines of any kind, until I adopted this plan, and have for many years WM. NEWCOMB. been successful since I adopted it.

PROLIFIC SHEEP.-We have a flock of Sheep consisting of 1 ram, 8 ewes, and 16 lambs. There were nine ewes, but one, after having a pair of lambs, died, and also one lamb-the other was raised by hand, making two lambs for each ewe, as one ewe had one lamb only. This we consider a good turn-out. Can any of your readers beat it? D. M. NESBIT.

EFFECTS OF CLIMATE ON FLOWERS.

Our climate is, in some respects, much inferior to that of England for the cultivation of some flowers. The changes of temperature here are more frequent, sudden, and extreme, than there; our winters are more severe, our summers hotter, and our atmosphere dryer. All these things are to our disadvantage in reference to the cultivation of many kinds of plants. For instance, the Pansey can never be grown in this country to equal, throughout the season, those grown in England, whose moist, equable climate is perfectly congenial to this beautiful flower. For a month or two in the early spring, fine panseys may be obtained here; but as soon as the summer sun has arrived at its usual fervid heat, then the flowers begin to dwindle, in spite of all that can be done in the way of favorable exposure or attentive nursing.

The Daisy is another beautiful flower which will neither stand the cold of our winters or the torrid heat of our summers. As with the Pansey, the flowers are comparatively worthless after the cool spring month's have passed.

loss would be inuch greater than if the "driving" had been done ten days after the issue of the first swarm.

The practice of "driving" bees without transferring their combs should be strongly deprecated, unless the combs are comb," as the bees consume about 20 pounds of honey in promouldy, or the hive contains too large a proportion of " drone ducing one pound of new comb, besides the loss of time; the fallacious notion that the size of the bee is reduced, if bred in the same combs beyond a few years, cannot be too soon removed. I know of one stock in which bees have been bred in the same combs for upwards of 20 years, and yet their size is not perceptibly diminished. Baltimore, May 10.

FARM ACCOUNTS.

R. C

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30 days team work, at $2,

200 days common labor at 7 shillings, Interest on purchase money...... Paid taxes,...

Total,

$1,000.00

20.00

30.00

10.60

20.00

60.00

175.00

70.00

10.00

$1,395.00

FARM ACCOUNT, CR.

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The Auricula is a flower of great beauty, but difficult of cultivation with us on account of the great extremes of temperature. The Polyanthus, belonging to the same family, (Primula or Primrose,) is much more hardy, and suc- By 10 acres increased in value to $110...

ceeds perfectly well in a shady location, with rich, moist soil. The Dahlia is also much affected by our hot sum mers, and does not sucgeed as well as in England.

success.

The Anemone and Ranunculus, bulbous or tuberous rooted plants, are rarely cultivated in this country with much A moist atmosphere seems to be absolutely necessary to the perfection of these flowers. This list might be extended still farther, but it is not necessary. It will be apparent that those plants which require much moisture for their proper development, will never flourish as well here as in those countries where showers are more frequent, the temperature more equable, and the summer heat less intense. But there are very many plants which delight in our sunny climate, and in which we can therefore equal the productions of the florists of any country. On the whole, perhaps, our climate is as favorable as any for the culture of flowers. G. B. H.

[For the Country Gentleman and Cultivator.] BEST TIME TO DRIVE BEES. MESSRS. EDITORS-In your issue of 10th May, Mr. M. M. Baldridge, in his reply to the inquiry of B. B. B., in reference to the best time for driving bees," says: "If it must be done, the 21st or 22d day after the issue of the first swarm is the best time to secure the least possible waste. By this time the eggs last deposited by the old queen have hatched," &c., and "there is no other period during the working senson of bees, when combs contain so little brood." On this point I beg leave to differ with Mr. B., and as he writes intelligently on the subject, I doubt not, upon further reflection or examination, he will incline to my opinion. Having used the Langstroth movable comb hive for several years past, I have had every opportunity for, and have taken much pleasure in, ascertaining definitely the facts on this subject, and therefore speak with some confidence. On examining a stock on the 7th inst, from which a swarm had issued within two hours previous, I found the young queen not only "hatched," but able to fly briskly, and it seldom occurs that she is later than two days after the first swarm issues in emerging from her cell. In my numerous experiments I have generally found that the young queens commenced "laying between the 5th and 10th day after they were "hatched." Assuming then, that she commences on the 10th day after, (at which period a large portion of the brood of the old queen would be hatched,) at the end of the "21st or 22d day," she will have her own brood and eggs, in a very large proportion of the cells, vacated by the hatching of the brood of the old queen, and the

400 bushels potatoes, at 3 shillings.. 100 bushels corn, at 6 shillings.. 200 bushels oats, at 2 shillings,. Vegetables used in family at cash price, Value of tools on hand,...

Total

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The difference year begin with the first year, $1,100, add before. If stock is bou dited with its value at the

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some of your correspondents cracked hoofs in horses. I ses, where the hoofs were hoe made as follows: were cured in a short time, shade with two iron bands Have a heavy common shoe afficiently strong, welded or strips, about one inch wide, suade to fit around the to the shoe, near the heel, and of meeting, with a hole hoof in front, within an inch or two gh, with a tap on one in each strip for a bolt to pass throu ten the hoof by greas end. After putting on the shoe, so en put in the bolt, and ing-pour in a little turpentine; the turning the tap. Draw draw the crack moderately tight by rack is closed, and you a little closer every day, until the c me. will have a perfect cure in a short tends in front, for the be turned up about an inch at the Highland Home. bolt to pass through. J. W. D.

MESSRS. EDITORS-I notic making inquiries concerning cracked up to the hair. They have seen several very bad ca entirely sound, by the use of a

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MESSRS. EDITORS-This subject was the Farmer's Club of the American Ins PENTER said that corn planted at three-q deep, came up in six days, and at two ine and five inches seventeen days. He therefo shallow planting. Now I think it would make difference as to the nature of the ground, and t ing weather. On dry sandy land, corn shoul much deeper than on heavy clay land. On soil, if corn was planted two inches deep, and wet and cold weather, much of it would neve dry loose soil, and followed by very dry weathe and if it was planted three-quarters of an in not come up for lack of moisture, in some weeks. the weather, this cannot be foreseen. I think one for wet heavy, and two inches for a loose dry soil, t proper depth J. W. LEQUEAR. Frenchtown, N. Y.

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