N this paper, which was read at a meeting of Britain and Ireland, held at Bury St. Edmunds, the Author has endeavoured to trace the condition of the Jews in the eastern portion of this country from times long preceding the Norman Conquest; and more particularly to describe the antiquities in Bury St. Edmunds illustrating the history of that community; and to give some accounts of Jews who arrived at the belief that Judaism, in its true sense, involved the acceptance of Christianity; among these being the illustrious NICOLAS DE LYRA. The postscript relates to the controversy with regard to the purpose of a bronze vessel which once belonged to the synagogue of Bury St. Edmunds. A Queen's Death, and other Poems. By GEORGE SMITH. Fep. 8vo. pp. 184, price 4s. 6d. cloth. [January 13, 1870. THE Poem which gives its name to this book is upon the subject of the melancholy death of MARIE DE MEDICIS; but the principal work is Earth and Heaven, a poem in five short cantos, illustrating the progress of a soul, through earthly love and suffering, to heavenly love. This is followed by a piece entitled Socrates, a farewell speech of the Greek philosopher after drinking the hemlock. Angelo and Raffaelle, which comes next, contains thoughts suggested by a contemplation of the portraits of the two artists. Edmund, a Dramatic Sketch, shews how a duke's son fell in love with a girl far beneath him in station, and how her tenderness and good qualities overcame the duke's repugnance to her lowly origin. Hampden and Chalgrove Field is a ballad, after the manner of MACAULAY, concerning the death of the well-known revolutionary hero. Gerald Alden, an Idyll of the Poor, which is the last of the principal pieces, tells a story of genius unrecognised by the world until its possessor has died in disappointment and misery. The remainder of the volume is taken up with minor poems, which all enforce the lesson that true greatness consists in the execution of the duties immediately around us, and not in the useless striving after an unattainable goal. Many of the poems have already appeared in the leading magazines of the day. The lyrical portion of the volume is composed of many lays which are calculated to enlist the feelings of the reader, and by turns to soothe or excite him to intense human efforts after good. By Agnus Dei; a Poem in Eight Books. great truths which are centred in that central fact in the history of mankind, the Death and Victory of the Son of GOD. The Author is conscious that no human thought can adequately represent this unimaginable subject, but ventures to hope that his endeavour may be regarded as a reverential tribute to the great theme on which so many have exhausted their intellectual resources, while it remains inexhaustible for ever. The Author has endeavoured rather to expand a few scriptural suggestions than give the rein to his own imagination; but at the same time he believes that this common ground has never before been travelled by the same path. Thoughts on Speculative Cosmology and the Principles of Art. By WILLIAM GAWIN HERDMAN, Author of Ancient Liverpool," 'Curvilinear Perspective,' &c. 8vo. pp. 248, price 5s. cloth. [December 27, 1869. THIS work shews in its commencement the impossibility of confining thought to the limited philosophy which supposes that there has been only one creation through our planetary system and all other systems. It developes as a sequence the principles of the Eternity and Infinitude of Matter; the Eternity and Infinitude of the Succession of Worlds and Systems; the Eternity and Infinitude of God; and the Eternity and Infinitude of Life and Death. Amongst the many speculative theories of the sources of the sun's light and heat, one of the latest is that which states it to be received from the space included in the bounds of our planetary system. The Author considers it quite untenable that from so attenuated a medium any materials could be drawn for the consumption of the light and heat required. A reasonable theory is offered, which, if true, proves not only that our planets are inhabited, but that all the stars must have planets where life and death are in operation as the cause of their luminosity. Amongst the minor subjects treated are the Principles of Compensation; Typification; Diffusion of Man; Instincts; Duality of Thought; Culmination of the Intellectuality of Nations, &c. In the passages on Memory and the Philosophy of Dreams are some remarkable records of facts bearing on the postulates at the head of these subjects. The treatise is written on the supposition that the operations of Nature are conducted in uniform similarities, running in parallel ideas-grooves or modes, which in the text are summed up in the word Analogies. Though the work is one of almost purely speculative science, care has been taken to make it suitable for the general reader. The section on PAINTING is chiefly occupied by the principles and the science of the art. THIS proceeds in the Second to analyse the religious consciousness of the Hebrews as exhibited in the several phases of their literature, in their cosmical theories, their political institutions, and their philosophic thought. In the Third Book he enters into a similar investigation of the religious consciousness of the Aryans of Eastern Asia prior to the introduction of Christianity, thus passing under review the systems of the Egyptians, Chinese, Turanians, Hindoos, and Zoroastrian Bactrians. In the Fourth Book, which forms the second volume, the Author examines the religious consciousness of the Western Aryans as displayed in the literature, institutions, and philosophy of Greece and Rome, and in the information bequeathed to us respecting the condition of the Teutonic nations before the Christian era, whether in the notices of Roman writers or in the earliest epic poems of Northern Europe. This inquiry involves a comparison of Hellenic with Teutonic myths, an attempt to ascertain the historical element in the Edda poems, and an application of the principles by which these results have been obtained to the Homeric controversy. The Appendix contains two texts of the Völuspa Saga, with explanatory notes. In the Fifth and Sixth Books, which compose the third volume, the Author continues the same inquiry with reference to the centuries that have elapsed since the Christian era. The Fifth Book opens with a review of the doctrines taught by CHRIST and His Apostles regarding the Divine government of the world, and then proceeds to trace the working out of those doctrines by the Christian Church. The Sixth Book presents the results of the foregoing inquiries in their bearings upon History, Philosophy, Religion, Politics, and Culture. The concluding chapter states the Author's view of the practical inferences to be drawn from those results, with respect to the conditions of the present time and our prospects for the future. God in History; or, the Progress of Man's Faith in the Moral Order of the World. By the late Baron BUNSEN, D.Ph. D.C.L. D.D. Translated from the German by SUSANNA WINKWORTH; with a Preface by A. P. Stanley, D.D. Dean of Westminster. In Three Volumes, 8vo. VOLS. I. and II. price 30s. VOL. III. pp. 378, price 12s. cloth. [January 22, 1870. THIS work, the last which Baron BUNSEN lived to complete, aims at presenting an abstract of the conceptions entertained by the several races of mankind in all ages respecting the DIVINE GOVERNMENT of the WORLD. Begun in 1856 and concluded in 1859, the year before his death, it may be said to contain the most matured and concentrated expression of his views on the great topi s of which it treats. The purpose of it is, in his own words, 'to place such a collection of facts before his readers as shall enable them to attain by the inductive method to a recognition of the spontaneity of the religious intuitions of mankind, and a comprehension of the stages through which those intuitions have passed in THE object of this work is to shew that the the the course of the history of our race." prosecution of this attempt, the Author, after stating in the First Book the general philosophical principles which have guided his researches, Geology and Revelation; or, the Ancient His- established conclusions of Geology are not at variance with the truths of Revelation. It is divided into Two PARTS. The First Part is devoted to an investigation of geological theory B and of the evidence on which it rests in the Second this theory is considered with reference to the Inspired history of Creation. The Author maintains that the leading principles of Geology, as taught at the present day by its most distinguished advocates, have been fairly demonstrated by the plain evidence of facts. He admits that from these principles the vast antiquity of the earth must of necessity be inferred; and he undertakes to shew that the vast antiquity of the earth is quite consistent with the historical truth of the Bible. It has been the Author's chief aim to make his subject interesting and attractive to unscientific readers. With this end in view he has studiously abstained, as far as possible, from the use of technical words; and he has enforced his argument by a constant reference to striking and familiar phenomena. The text is illustrated with Twenty-eight Engravings on Wood, and Two Tables representing the Stratified Rocks chronologically arranged, and the successive appearance of the various forms of animal life. These Illustrations, it is hoped, will help to convey a lively and accurate idea of many natural phenomena that can be represented but imperfectly in words. Nothing is said in the present work of the geological evidence regarding the Antiquity of the Human Race. This branch of the controversy is reserved for a Second Volume. The following summary may serve to give an idea of the manner in which the subject is discussed : PART I. Chap. I. General Theory of Geologists. Chaps. II. III. IV. Theory of Denudation illustrated by facts. Chaps. V. VI. Stratified Rocks of Mechanical origin-Theory developed and illustrated. Chap. VII. Stratified Rocks of Chemical origin. Chaps. VIII. IX. Stratified Rocks of Organic origin-Examples from animal and from vegetable life. Chap. X. Fossil Remains-The Museum. Chap. XI. Fossil Remains- The Exploration. Chap. XII. Geological ChronologyPrinciples of the system explained and developed. Chap. XIII. Geological Chronology-Succession of organic life. Chap. XIV. Subterranean Heat-Its existence demonstrated by facts. Chap. XV. Subterranean Heat-Its powers illustrated by Volcanos. Chap. XVI. Subterranean Heat-Its powers illustrated by Earthquakes. Chap. XVII. Subterranean Heat-Its powers illustrated by Undulations of the Earth's Crust. PART II. Chap. XVIII. Statement of the controversy and exposition of the Author's view. Chap. XIX. First Hypothesis-An interval of indefinite dura the preparation of this work the Author has N aimed at nothing less than the highest mark. His object has been to furnish, so far as may be possible, a complete treatise on the subject of Gastronomy regarded as a fine art. It is now presented to the public not only as work which may be suitable for families in which good living is studied, but as a volume containing full and minute directions for the preparation and serving of the most sumptuous banquets. English Cookery, in its splendour and its practical results, stands much higher than it did formerly. It has in every respect improved, and advanced many steps towards perfection. The tables of the nobility and gentry are served not only with great opulence, but with the nicest care. The kitchens are admirably organised and richly stored. They are, in fact, permanent and thriving schools, whence good traditions are continually spreading; and it may be said with truth that the culinary art is more cultivated in England than in any other country. Many books have been written on the subject, especially with regard to definitions of a secondary order, while the theories of the higher art of cookery are to be found in the works of UDE, SOYER, FRANCATELLI -works too well known to admit of a doubt as to their merit and distinction. It might therefore seem at first sight superfluous to add a new work to the number of treatises already existing; but the present volume, both in its nature and its scope, differs from any that have preceded it. The Author ventures to claim for it the character of a new book, essentially practical and scientific, and resting on foundations originating in itself. From its abundant Illustrations and its great resources he believes that it will be found not unworthy of those who take an interest in the future development of the culinary art. Not only does the work aim at completing the theory of cookery, by calling the attention of practitioners to the artistic part of the profession, but it also endeavours to inspire those who are in the habit of giving grand dinners with a juster sense of the splendour essential to the luxury of the table. The greater number of the ORNAMENTAL SUBJECTS engraved in this collection, are pieces originally executed in the kitchens of the KING and QUEEN of PRUSSIA. The majority of these designs may therefore be considered as actual documents, and not as problems waiting to be solved; since they have either been engraved from the subjects themselves, or have served as models for their execution. The present volume, it is right to add, is but the first step towards a complete work which the Author intends to publish in England. Culinary art, both in theory and application, is a vast field; its limits are unbounded, its details infinite. To treat it thoroughly in a single work it would be necessary to compare its various methods, which, it is well known, are modified in practice according to circumstances and needs. To obviate this confusion the Author has divided his work into three principal Parts, of which each is to form a particular study. This first essay will therefore be succeeded by two other publications, in which the various theories of the modern school will be found recapitulated. These books will be complete each in itself, and will have each its own distinctive character. On Food; its Varieties, Chemical Composition, Nutritive Value, Comparative Digestibility, Physiological Functions and Uses, Preparation, Culinary Treatment, Preservation, Adulteration, &c. Being the Substance of Four Cantor Lectures delivered before the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, in the Months of January and February 1868. By H. LETHEBY, M.B. M.A. Ph.D. &c. Professor of Chemistry in the College of the London Hospital, and Medical Officer of Health and Food Analyst for the City of London. Crown 8vo. pp. 298, price 6s. cloth. [January 19, 1870. dietetical values; the relation which exists between food and labour, and an explanation of the principles involved in the proper construction of dietaries. In his treatment of the latter subject the Author has depended largely upon the inquiries of Dr. EDWARD SMITH, and Dr. LYON PLAYFAIR-the former having directed his attention to the dietaries of the low-fed operatives of this kingdom, and the latter to the dietaries of well-fed artisans and others. From these data he has been able to construct standard proportions of food for idleness and for labour. The importance of this part of the subject is obvious, for it not only concerns the dietetical wants of the community, but it also affects the dietetical treatment of our paupers and criminals, the former of whom are frequently underfed, while the latter are often so over-fed that much of the turbulence of the jail is, it is to be feared, referable to the unemployed and even explosive force of a too liberal diet. As regards the culinary and other treatment of food, as well as the preservation of it, the Author has endeavoured not only to discuss the general principles of the matter, but also to give very copious illustrations of practice. He has likewise described the circumstances which render food unwholesome, and has briefly adverted to its principal adulterations. To bring the numerous subjects within the limited space of a short course of lectures it was necessary to condense the facts as closely as possible. A Practical Treatise on Metallurgy, adapted from the last German Edition of Professor KERL'S Metallurgy.' By WILLIam Crookes, F.R.S. &c. and ERNST RÖHRig, Ph.D. M.E. VOL. III. comprising Steel and Fuel, with a copious Appendix; pp. 866, with 145 Woodcuts. 8vo. price 31s. 6d. cloth. [December 7, 1869. TH THE aim of the Authors of this work, of which the third and concluding volume is now published, has been to produce, in a compendious and somewhat complete form, a treatise of practical value to the Metallurgist; so that, while they have taken KERL's treatise as their groundwork, they have given much practical information and many processes not contained in KERL; and to bring the work up to the actual state of science and practical experience, they have given, in the form of a Supplement, articles and reports from various English and foreign journals. The THIRD VOLUME, in addition to the Supplement, comprises a chapter on STEEL, occupying 286 pages, and treating of the different kinds and characteristics of Steel, as well as the various processes for its manufacture. There is also an exhaustive chapter on FUEL, and another on the Construction of Furnaces. A GLOSSARY of Technical Terms and Tables of Weights and Measures are also added. This work is now complete in Three Volumes, octavo, price £4 19s. cloth; but each volume may be had separately as follows: VOL. I. comprising Lead, Silver, Zinc, Cadmium, Tin, Mercury, Bismuth, Antimony, Nickel, Arsenic, Gold, Platinum, and Sulphur, with 207 Woodcuts, price 31s. 6d. VOL. II. Copper and Iron, with 273 Woodcuts, price 368. VOL. III. comprising STEEL and FUEL, with a copious SUPPLEMENT and 145 Woodcuts, price 31s. 6d. A Treatise on Medical Electricity, Theoretical and Practical; and its use in the Treatment of Paralysis, Neuralgia and other Diseases. By JULIUS ALTHAUS, M.D. M.R.C.P. Fellow of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society; Physican to the Infirmary for Epilepsy and Paralysis. Second Edition, revised and much enlarged, and for the most part re-written; pp. 700, with 1 Lithographic Plate and 62 Woodcuts. Post 8vo. price 15s. cloth. DR [March 1, 1870. R. ALTHAUS'S well-known work on the medical use of electricity, which has been out of print for some time, appears now in a second edition, which may be almost considered a new work, so thoroughly has it been revised and so carefully brought up to the present state of this department of science. The Author in the preface expresses the satisfaction he feels at the very great progress which his subject has made since the first edition appeared, both scientifically and professionally. Ten years ago galvanism was held in very low professional estimation; reports of cures by electricity were received with an incredulous smile; there was only one hospitalGuy's-where it was regularly used; and there it was applied in an antiquated fashion, and relegated to nurses and dressers. At the present time most hospitals possess the necessary electrical apparatus; able teachers are instructing students in its scientific application; and the first medical society in the kingdom bas instituted a committee composed of some of the most eminent members of the profession for investigating the therapeutical use of electricity. The change in the scientific aspect of the subject has been equally great. The physiological action of the different forms of electricity has been much more thoroughly studied than it ever was before; their place in therapeutics has not only become better defined, but also considerably enlarged, and rests on a firmer basis; and the indications for the use of the several agents which are comprehended under the name of electricity and galvanism, are much better understood. The present work is almost twice the size of the previous edition, owing to the great accumu lation of new facts and discoveries which has taken place in the interval. The therapeutical part of it has been almost entirely re-written, as ten years ago hardly anything was known about the striking remedial effects of the continuous galvanic current which are now well known. |