returned for past graduate work in law. This is owing to the great improvement of the law department and the new inducements offered for working for the degree of L.L.B.

The editor has received from London, England, the card of Mr. and Mrs. George A. Dickson, with the information that it all happened in St. George's Church, Bloomsbury, August 30, 1900, and that the permanent address is 19 Elster Strasse II, Leipsic, Germany. Through the surname of the bride, Eleanor Elizabeth Ale, is an arrow. Miss Ale was a successful teacher for a number of years in San Diego County.

Tehama County School Notes.

A. W. Glover is president of the new board of education.

George Voorhies, of Michigan, is the new principal at Corning.

Red Bluff High School has nearly one hundred pupils enrolled.

Miss Hofeld, U. C., is the new teacher in the Red Bluff high school.

Walter White of Lyonsville took a course in the Berkeley Summer School.

Miss Neliie Warmoth, one of our teachers, died during the summer vacation.

Miss Belle Miller, ex-county superintendent, is principal of the Antelope school.

A. W. Glover, former principal of Corning, has opened a jewelery shop in that place.

Miss Delia Fish has entered the State University. She has taught for years in Red Bluff.

Miss Ina Hamlin, who taught the Elder Creek school last year, has secured a position in Berkeley.

Miss Nellie Dodson, a Red Bluff teacher, became Mrs. Douglas during the summer and now resides at Palo Alto.

Messrs. Ed, and Ross Hamilton, who took high school work in the Tehama school in 1899, have entered the State University.

For the first time in many years Red Bluff is not represented on the county board. Not a principal in the county has a seat on the board either.

Miss Georgia Council of Kirkwood married in Kansas during the summer and has returned to teach her old school. Her sister, Miss Retta, one of Red Bluff's best teachers, is now in Kansas, and will soon be married.

H. S. Gans, former principal of the Antelope school, is the Republican candidate for the Assembly. He is a graduate of Washington and Jefferson College. If elected, the public schools will have in him a true friend.

Miss Belle Mathews, former primary teacher at Tehama, is now in the Sacramento school. Her sister, Miss Margaret, graduated from the Chico Normal in June. Both are graduates of the Tehama Grammar School.

State Normal Schools.

The State Normal Schools at San Jose, Chico, San Diego, San Francisco and Los Angeles, have each begun a prosperous year. The Los Angeles Times speaks of the Los Angeles Normal as follows:

"The State Normal School commences this year with an attendance of 500 pupils. The only change in any of the departments is in that of domestic art and domestic science, Miss Jessica C. Hazard having charge of the work, with Miss Lucy J. Anderson as assistant. Prof. E T. Pierce, who has presided over the Normal for eight years with gratifying success, enters his ninth year of work with many plans for the advancement of the pupils under his chargs. One feature will be the organization of a literary class, to meet once a week, and once each month the pupils will discuss ethical questions and their relation to society and themselves. In addition to this, a joint meeting has been planned to be held once each term, which wili probably be open to public visitors.

"A number of the Normal teachers have been connected with the institution for many years, Miss Sarah P. Monks having served sixteen years as the head of the botanical and zoological department; Miss Dunn, fourteen years as teacher of history and as librarian; Prof. Dozier, eleven years in charge of mathematics and book-keeping; Miss Josephine Seamen, ten years as teacher of English, and Miss M. A. English and Charles E. Hutton have been instructors in the schoo' nine years, respectively."

"Tolstoi, a Man of Peace," by Alice B. Stockton, M.D. and "The New Spirit," by H. Havelock Ellis, is a new volume of Alice B. Stockman & Co., Chicago, Ill.. This is an account of a visit by Dr. Stockman to Tolstoi and an account of Tolstoi, writings by Mr. Ellis.

Houghton, Mifflin & Co. have issued a book entitled "Squirrels and Other Fur Bearers," by John Burroughs. This is the handsomest book of the kind ever issued. The illustrations in colors represent the very best work that has been done in the color line. The book is one that children and teachers will enjoy.

Williams & Foster prepared a few years ago a book entitled selections for "Memorizing." These poems were not the wild wooly kind that the boys had to go out behind the barn in order to practice, but the kind that had literary value. The demand for such a selection has increased largely during the past few years, and as a result the book has a large sale. It is published by Ginn & Co., 325 Sansome St., San Francisco.

D. C. Heath & Company, Boston, Mass., Caspar Hodgson, 325 Sansome St., San Francisco, Pacific Coast representative, have issued "The Heath's Home and School Classics," a series of excellent standard books for reading by children, carefully edited by Edward Everett Hale, C. F. Dole and others. Prices are 10 and 15 cents in paper, and 25 cents in cloth.

"Elements of English Grammar," by George P. Brown, assisted by Charles De Garmo, published by the Werner School Book Company; price, 60 cents. This is a grammar, not a book on composition of language. It is intended for the 7th and Sth years. The authors have aimed to treat the subject as a science; to give the child instruction in the scientific knowledge of the sentence. The work is well done. There is probably not another book published that will be so useful in securing definite results, after the children have taken the pot pouri of the ordinary language and composition work in our schools.

Mr. C. A. Witter, an experienced school teacher of Redlands, Cal., is the author of

one of the best text-books on the subject of bookkeeping, published. It is a book that has been adopted in Fresno County, San Diego County, Ventura, and many others in the state. After a former adoption in Fresno and San Diego, it was unanimously readopted for four years. It is a book that is well adapted for the schools of all grades. Mr. Witter is a practical teacher. He has taught for a number of years in San Bernardino County, always with success; and his many friends will be pleased at the success of his book.

Ginn & Co. have issued a new language series called "The Mother Tongue," by Prof. Kittredge, of Harvard, and Sarah Louise Arnold, of Boston. Book I contains lessons in speaking, reading and writing English. Book II is an elementary English grammar. The arrangement of these books is on the cumulative plan, each lesson is the result of previous lessons. The work is systematic. The special features that commend Book I, is the attention paid to the study, or rather the interpretation of pictures as a language lesson. The selection of material for study shows rare literary taste. Book II is just the kind of a book that is needed by the teachers who have trained the children in language work in the primary grades. It is a book that will win its way. Price of Book I, 45 cts., Book II, 60 cts. It will pay you to send and secure copies of these books for examination. Ginn & Co., 325 Sansome St., San Francisco.

"Education in the United States" is a series of monographs prepared for the United States exhibit at the Paris Exposition of 1900, edited by Nicholas Murray Butler, and published by J. B. Lyon & Co., Albany, N. Y.; two volumes, 500 pages each, price $3.50 per set. Among the many notable monographs is "Secondry Educa tion," Elmer Ellsworth Brown, professor of education in the University of California; "Educational Administration," Dr. A. S. Draper; "Elementary Education," Dr. W. T. Harris; "Training of Teachers," B. A. Hinsdale; Commercial Education," Edward J. James; "Education of the Negro," Booker T. Washington; "Education of the Indian," Wm. N. Hailman. The introduc tion of Nicholas Murray Butler is a careful

analysis of the whole field of education in the United States. No library will be complete without these valuable volumes.

The Whitaker & Ray Company expect to issue a book for the holidays called "Amusing Geography," by Lenore C. Schutze, A.M. This will contain the most witty and attractive presentation of the facts of geography, which children are expected to learn, that we have seen. They are so brought out as to fasten themselves upon the child's mind without especial effort on his part. The book will be illustrated by more than one hundred maps and engravings, and also with pictures of the "state flowers," as far as they have been chosen. Parents could hardly find a more delightful and useful holiday present for their children than "Amusing Geography." The boys will like it especially. The method of map-drawing will be of great assistance to teachers. No "device" is employed, but the maps are so classified that very young children can draw the simplest of them. "Amusing Geography" shows them how to take hold of their work in the easiest way. The memory songs are set to familiar airs and help farther to make the study of geography pleasing and attractive. "Little Delaware," a part song for boys and girls, and "West Virginia," arouse an enthusiasm not often seen in matters connected with school work. great success for this book is predicted.

Deafness Cannot be Cured

A

by local application as they cannot reach the diseased portion of the ear. There is only one way to cure deafness, and that is by constitutional remedies. Deafness is caused by an inflamed condition of mucous lining of the Eustachian Tube. When this tube is inflamed you have a rumbling sound or imperfect hearing, and when it is entirely closed Deafness is the result, and unless the inflammation can be taken out and this tube restored to its normal condition, hearing will be destroyed forever; nine cases our of ten are caused by Catarrh, which is nothing but an inflamed condition of the mucous surfaces.

We will give One Hundred Dollars for any case of Deafness (caused by catarrh) that cannot be cured by Hall's Catarrh Cure. Send for circulars, free.

F. J. CHENEY & Co., Toledo, O. Sold by Druggists, 75c. Hall's Family Pills are the best.

An Illustration of Leadership.

The State of Washington has been peculiarly fortunate during two administrations in educational leadership. During the years from '92 to '96 Superintendent of Public Instruction C. W. Bean gave the schools an excellent administration. He was a student of the best phases of modern pedagogy, and his work was characterized by high ideals. His successor was Frank J. Browne, who at once began fundamental educational work. Governor John R. Rogers, a former schoolmaster, and the author of some wise school legislature, gave his hearty support. The standard for teachers' certificates was raised, professional training was encouraged, the University and the Normal Schools felt the increased demand for learning. Teachers' and pupils' reading circles were successfully established. The teachers' institutes and summer schools were organized on a pedagogical basis, a course of study was issued that is pedagogical, psychological and practical. No Superintendent of Public Instruction in the west has published such fine state papers, including Arbor Day, bird day, and patriotic day documents. His work has attracted wide attention. In 1898 he was invited to address the California Teachers' Association, in 1899, he was called to Chicago to address the National Superintendents' Convention. Superintendent Browne is a man of strong personality, a magnetic orator, a student of books, a pupil of nature. He is a young man whose foundation work in the State of Washington will have its influence on the children. He encouraged the local publication of state text books, and has stood the brunt of battle, brought on by partisan politics, aided by the misrepresentations of disappointed publishers. It requires a forceful man, a leader, a man of integrity, to perform such strenuous educational work.

NORTHERN CALIFORNIA TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION.

President F. S. Reager and Sec. Margaret I. Poore, and the Executive Committee have arranged an excellent program for the meeting of the Northern California Teachers' Association, which meets at Marysville, November 1, 2, 3. The citizens of Marysville are preparing a royal welcome for the visiting teachers. Shasta, Tehama, Glenn, Colusa, Butte, Yolo and Sutter will all send large delegations.

Hinds & Noble of New York, who heretofore have handled as American agents Mackenzie's "Manual of Ethics" and Stout's "Manual of Psychology," introducing them into the great majority of American and Canadian colleges and universities, have now purchased outright the American rights in those two important works, and bereafter will themselves publish them in the United States.

The Normal graduate, too, after spending four years in preparing for his special work, must take a seat among the untrained teachers (ie, according to the "New Plan "). Any school hiring an elementary teacher wouldn't know whether they were getting a Normal, Grammar, or Primary teacher, for they would all hold elementary certificates, and the trustees would have to chance drawing "lucky numbers."

If it is the aim to raise the standard of teachers. why not begin by requiring a higher percentage for primary certificates, thus bringing them up, instead of dropping the higher teacher to their level?

It is to be hoped that the aim is not to drive out in disgust the faithful old servants who have helped to make the schools what they now are, and to place in their stead the newly-fledged university graduates, who, no doubt, are superior in scholarship, tho lacking experience.

If a reform is necessary, let us begin in the right direction, by establishing a uniform course of study thruout the state in all grades up to the door of the university, and rid ourselves of the mixture we have on hand. As it now exists, there seems to be no regularity between the grammar and the high schools. In many counties the studies pursued during the last year in the grammar schools, overlap those of the first year in our best high schools. This should be corrected, as time is lost, especially in a crowded grammar school, by giving the class a smattering of advanced studies such as geometry, algebra, etc., when they are taught in the high school from the very first page to the last. The above class will, no doubt, be deficient in spelling, English grammar or composition, all of which are far more useful, whether

the students enter high school or not. The fact is, we are crowding, to the detriment of the children.

Under the present conditions, I fear the high schools are bound to receive some very weak timber, owing to the numerous subjects attemped in the grammar grades.

There is no question but that the course of study, instead of teachers' certificates, needs the regulating.

The first regular meeting of the Educational Association of Santa Barbara for the year 1900-1901 was held at the High School building, on Sept. 17th.

A detailed report of the work accomplished by the association during the past six months was read by the Secretary, Miss Cora B. Patterson, and the report of the Treasurer, Miss Laura M. Barnes, showed the finances of the association to be in a very satisfactory condition.

The election of officers for the ensuing term resulted as follows: Supt. Wm. A. Wilson, President; Prof. J. A. Guttery, Vice-President; Miss Camille M. Levy, Secretary; Miss Laura M. Barnes, Treasurer.

Many good suggestions as to the work which should engage the attention of the association during the coming year were made by different members, and after considerable discussion it was decided to take up first the subject of schoolroom decoration. A committee of five was appointed to arrange for a meeting in October, at which this subject is to be thoroughly discussed, and the committee was empowered to negotiate with the Helman-Taylor Company concerning an exhibition of pictures to be furnished by them, the proceeds of which exhibition are to be devoted to purchasing pictures for the various schoolrooms.

The sum of ten dollars was appropriated from the funds of the association to be invested in subscriptions to magazines for the use of the association, and the committee to whose charge this matter was entrusted was directed to subscribe for the WESTERN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION and such other periodicals as they might consider useful in promoting the purposes of the association. These periodicals are to be kept in the Art Room of the Manual Training Building, where they are accessible to all members.

CAMILIE LEVY, Secretary.

Institutes.

6

Dan. H. White, of Solana County, called his institute to meet at Benicia, Sept. 24th-28th. The instructors were Prof. Cubberley, Prof. Gayley, Dr. Burk, Harr Wagner, Mrs. Goodel and others. The special features of the institute was the life, vim, go "that Supt. White infused into all of the sessions. The evening sessions were especially fine. On Monday evening the citizens of Benicia presented William Dean Howell's farce "In a Sleeping Car." The subjects of music and drawing were given considerable consideration.

Supt. A. M. Phalin, of Contra Costa County, called his institute at Martinez, September 26th to 28th. D. R. Angsburg, Henry M. Bland, Prof. Cubberley, Miss Agnes Stowell, and Miss Smythe were among the instructors. The institute was a success. Drawing and composition work, English and correlations received the principal attention. Supt. Phalin is to be congratulated on having an excellent body of teachers, who take an active interest in discussions and always make a lively institute.

EDITOR WESTERN JOURNAL:- I wish to enter a protest against the free distribution of text-books to pupils as advised at the recent meeting of county superintendents. I suppose it should be the proper thing to advocate it as it has been to be an ardent supporter of the present state book system. We already furnish too much free material to our pupils — pencils, pens, ink, blank books, paper, etc. This has led to a woeful waste on the part of pupils and a negligence on the part of parents in seeing that pupils properly care for their supplies.

Free text books will increase this carelessness, for parents will not worry because John can secure a new book when the old is lost or torn.

The system, to my mind, will cause much trouble to al concerned, and especially to the teacher who will be the distributing agent. Suppose this term we have a class of six in the fourth reader for whom we buy new books. Next term a new class of ten enters, and we purchase four new books. To whom shall we give the new books? Johnny B's mother will be angry if her son is given an old book while Mrs A's Tommy receives a new one. Johnny in a few days wil manage to lose his book, drop it into a well, tear out 25 or more pag s (by accident or by the baby), and thus he secures a new book. Or Mrs. A. will refuse to allow her Mary to use