Great Britain engages to cause to be paid annually, during the three years that this treaty shall last, a subsidy and an half, fixing the sum according to the custom established for the subsidies in the former treaties. This subsidy shall commence from the day of the signature of this treaty; and it shall be paid at the rate of 225,000 crowns banco per annum; the crown being reckoned at fifty-three sols of Holland, or at 4s. 9d. 2 English money. When the said troops shall be sent back by his Britannic majesty, from the day of their return into the territories of his serene highness, till the expiration of the treaty, the subsidy shall be continued upon the same footing of 225,000 crowns banco per annum. The payment of this subsidy shall be regularly made without any deduction, and quarterly, in the town of Cassel, into the military treasury of the serene landgrave, authorized to receive it; and, in case that, on either side, it should be judged expedient that the number of the corps of troops, should exceed cight thousand, the subsidy shall be proportionably augmented, unless it shall be otherwise agreed upon. His majesty shall continue equally to this corps, the pay and other emoluments during the remainder of the month in which it shall repass the frontiers of Hesse, and arrive in the territories of his serene highness; that is to say, Hesse properly so called.

VII. With regard to what relates to the pay and allowances, both ordinary and extraordinary, of the said troops, during the time that they shall be actually in the pay of Great Britain, it is agreed, that, as long as they shall serve in the empire, they shall enjoy the same advantages and emoluments which his majesty grants to his German troops, according to the effective establishment of the said corps of troops, at the time of their being delivered; which shall be verified by a list, signed by the respective ministers of the high contracting parties, which shall have the same force as if it were inserted word for word in the present treaty. During the time that they shall be employed in the low countries, they shall be treated in the above-mentioned respect upon the footing of Dutch troops; it being understood that, in both cases, that is to say, in that of the German pay, as well as in that of the Dutch, the allowances shall not be inferior to what was granted in former wars; and, if the nature of the war should require that those troops should serve in different countries upon the continent of Europe from those above-mentioned, they shall, in that case, be put, in every respect, on the same footing with the most favoured of his majesty's auxiliary troops. If it shall hap pen that they should be employed in Great Britain or in Ireland, as soon as the notification in such case shall be made to the serene landgrave, they shall be put on the same footing, in every respect, as the national British troops.-All these allowances for those

troops shall be paid into the military treasury of his serene highness, without any abatement or diminution, in order to be distributed.

VIII. If it should unfortunately happen, that some regiments or companies of the corps above-mentioned should, by any accidents, be wholly or partially ruined or destroyed, or that the pieces of artillery, or other effects, with which it may be provided, should be taken by the enemy, his majesty the king of Great Britain will pay the expenses of the necessary recruits and re-mounting, as also the value of the said field artillery and effects, in order speedily to restore the artillery, regiments, or companies, to their former state; and those recruits shall likewise be put upon the same footing, as those which were furnished to the Hessian officers, in virtue of the 5th article of the treaty of 1702, in order that the corps may be always preserved, and sent back hereafter in as good a state as that in which it was delivered; and the recruits annually necessary shall be delivered to the English commissary, disciplined and completely equipped, at the place of their destination, at the time which his Britannic majesty shall appoint.

IX. It will depend upon his Britannic majesty to retain this corps of troops in his service all the time of the duration of this treaty, to make use of them in any part of Europe where he may have occasion for them, provided it be not on board the fleet, from the time of its quitting the territories of the serene landgrave; and when his majesty the king of Great Britain shall think proper to send back the said troops, he shall give three months previous notice to his serene highness, and shall make him an allowance of a month's pay for their return, furnishing them also with the necessary means of transport gratis.

X. His Britannic majesty promises to attend as much as possible to the safety of the dominions and possessions of his serene highness, and to direct the military operations, as much as circumstances may permit, in such manner that the country of his serene highness may be covered and spared as much as possible. If, however, notwithstanding the precautions which shall be taken with that view, the country of his serene highness should be invaded by the enemy, on account of this alliance, and the present treaty, his Britannic majesty shall endeavour to procure to the country of his highness the landgrave an indemnification proportionable to the loss occasioned thereby, according to what has been formerly done on similar occasions.

XI. The sick of the Hessian corps shall remain under the care of their own physicians, surgeons, and other persons appointed for that purpose, under the command of the general commanding the corps of those troops; and every thing shall be granted to them which is granted to his majesty's own troops.

XII. All Hessian deserters shall be faith

same manner as is practised with regard to other nations who have treaties of commerce. In return for which the Russian subjects established in England shall be under the jurisdiction of the same tribunals before which the affairs of other nations are brought who have treaties of commerce with England.

Art. III. Her imperial majesty of all the Russias, in continuation of the encouragements which she has uniformly granted in her states to the commerce and navigation of British subjects, engages that they shall enjoy in her ports in the Black sea, and the sea of Azoph, all the advantages and diminutions of custom house duties which are specified in the sixth article of the edict preceding the general tariff of the year 1782, and which is of the following tenor: "Although this general tariff is to serve also for all our ports situated on the Black sea, and the sea of Azoph, we, however, diminish in the said ports, by one fourth part, the duties fixed in this tariff, in order to encourage commerce for the utility of our subjects, and of the nations with which we shall stipulate reciprocal advantages in this respect, in compensation for the privileges which those nations shall grant to our commerce; excepting however from this diminution, the merchandize specified by name in the present tariff, as liable to pay the same duties in the ports of the Black sea as in the other custom-houses of our empire, as also those for which the present tariff fixes particular duties in the ports of the Black sea."

Art. IV. The present arrangement of commerce, on which their majesties the king of Great Britain and the empress of all the Russias are agreed, and by which they confirm the whole of the treaty of 1766, the alterations above agreed upon excepted, shall subsist and be obligatory during the space of six years, this term being fully sufficient for coming to a definitive agreement on all the stipulations of a new treaty of commerce, calculated to perpetuate and to extend the advantages of their respective subjects. The high contracting parties engage, in consequence of this act, to provide, in the most effectual manner, and according to the forms established in each of the two countries, for the entire execution of all that is stipulated, without the smallest restriction.

Art. V.-His Britannic majesty, and her imperial majesty of all the Russias, engage to ratify the present act; and the ratifications shall be exchanged within the space of three months, or sooner if it can be done, reckoning from the day of signature.

In witness whereof, we, the under-signed plenipotentiaries of their majesties the king of Great Britain and the empress of all the Russias, have signed the present convention, and have caused it to be sealed with our Done at London, the 25th of March,

arms. 1793.

(Signed) (L. S.) GRENVILLE.

(L. S.) S. COMTE WORONZOW.

No. III. CONVENTION between his Majesty and the Empress of Russia, signed at London, the 25th of March, 1793.

The persons who have exercised the powers of government in France, after having plunged their country into the most dreadful miseries, having adopted towards the other powers of Europe, measures equally unjust and offensive, conducting themselves in that respect by principles incompatible with the security and tranquillity of all independent states, and even with the existence of all social order, and having actually rendered themselves guilty of the most unjust and injurious aggression, by laying an embargo on all the British and Russian ships which were in the ports of France; an aggression followed by a declaration of war against his Britannic majesty, and his ally the republic of the United Provinces; their majesties the king of Great Britain, and the empress of all the Russias, have thought proper to concert together uponthe means of opposing a sufficient barrier to the dangers which threaten all Europe, in consequence of such principles, views, and conduct. Their majesties have therefore authorized their respective ministers; to wit, the king of Great Britain, the most illustrious and most excellent lord William Wyndham, baron Grenville of Wotton, one of his majesty's privy council, and his principal secretary of state for the department of foreign affairs; and her majesty the empress of all the Russias, the most illustrious and most excellent lord count Simon de Woronzow, lieutenant-general of her imperial majesty's armies, her envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to the king of Great Britain, and knight of the orders of St. Alexander Newsky, of the military order of St. George of the third class, and of St. Vladimir, grand cross of the first class; who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, have agreed to the following articles:

Art. I.-Their majesties, in conformity to the ancient ties of friendship, by which they and their august predecessors have been united, and which they are desirous of cultivating and extending as much as possible, will exert all their endeavours, and will concert together ultimately for assisting and succouring each other mutually, in the course of the present war, in order to p procure for themselves at the peace, that satisfaction and security which they have a right to expect, and to guaranty for the future the public tranquillity and security of Europe.

Art. II-For this end, their majesties engage to employ their respective forces, as far as the circumstances in which they may find themselves shall permit, in carrying on the just and necessary war in which they are engaged against France; and they reciprocally promise not to lay down their arms but by conmon consent, without having obtained resti

tution of all the conquests which France may have made, upon either of their said majesties, or upon such other of the powers, friends or allies of their said majesties, to whom they shall judge proper to extend this guaranty, by common consent.

Art. III.-Their said majesties reciprocally engage to shut all their ports against French ships, not to permit the exportation, in any case, from their said ports for France, of any military or naval stores, or corn, grain, salt meat, or other provisions; and to take all other measures in their power for injuring the commerce of France, and for bringing her by such means, to just conditions of peace.

Art. IV. Their majesties engage to unite all their efforts to prevent other powers, not implicated in this war, from giving, on this occasion of common concern to every civilized state, any protection whatever, directly or indirectly, in consequence of their neutrality, to the commerce or property of the French, on the sea, or in the ports of Trance. Art. V.-Their majesties desiring mutually and ardently to confirm and consolidate, as much as possible, the friendship and union now subsisting between them, and to protect and extend the commerce between their respective subjects, will authorize their ministers to proceed without delay, to the forma tion of a definitive arrangement for a treaty of alliance and commerce. In the mean time, and until that happy work can be effected, they have agreed to renew provisionally the treaty of 1706, by a preliminary agreement of the same date with this convention, and, exchanged in like manner between the abovementioned ministers.

Art. VI.-His Britannic majesty and her imperial majesty of all the Russias, engage to ratify the present convention, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged in the space of three months, or sooner if it can be done, to be computed from the day of the signature.

In witness whereof, we, the under-signed plenipotentiaries of their majesties the king of Great Britain, and the empress of all the Russias, have signed the present convention, and have caused the seals of our arms to be affixed thereto. Done at London, this 25th of March, 1793.

(L. S.) GRENVILLE.

(L. S.) S. COMTE WORONZOW. No. IV-TREATY between his majesty and the king of Sardinia, signed at London, the 25th of April 1793.

Their majesties the king of Great Britain and the king of Sardinia, finding themselves engaged in a war against France, in consequence of the most injurious acts of violence and aggression, which they have respectively experienced from that country, their abovementioned majesties have agreed to make a common cause in this war, and to concert together on the means of providing for their

mutual defence and safety, as well as for the general interests of Europe. Their abovementioned majesties in consequence have named and constituted for this purpose; to wit, his Britannic majesty the most illustrious and most excellent lord William Grenville of Wotton, privy-counsellor of his before-named majesty, and his principal secretary of state for the foreign department; and his Sardinian majesty the most illustrious and most excellent lord Philip de St. Martin de Front, gentleman of the chamber to his before-named majesty, colonel of cavalry and dragoons, and his envoy extraordinary to his Britannic majesty; who, after having duly communicated their respective full powers, have agreed upon the following articles :

Art. I.-His Sardinian majesty engages to keep on foot, during the whole course of the present war, an army of fifty thousand men, to be employed for the defence of his dominions, as well as to act against the common enemy: his Britannic majesty engaging, on his side, to send into the Mediterranean a respectable fleet of vessels of war, to be employed accordingly as circumstances shall permit, against the naval forces which the enemy may have in that part of the world. Their before-named majesties will ultimately concert as to the destination and employment of the respective forces above-mentioned.

Art. II.-His Britannic majesty engages to furnish to his Sardinian majesty, during the whole course of the war, a subsidy of two hundred thousand pounds sterling per annum, to be reckoned from the day of the signature of the present Treaty; which subsidy shall be paid to him punctually every three months, in advance, to be reckoned from the above day.

Art. III.-His Britannic majesty engages not to conclude a peace with the enemy, without comprehending in it the entire restitution to his Sardinian majesty of all the parts of his dominions, which belonged to him at the commencement of the war, and of which the aforesaid enemy has obtained possession, or of which it may hereafter obtain possession during the course of hostilities. In return, his Sardinian majesty will continue firmly and inseparably united and attached to the common cause, and to the interests of his Britannic majesty in this war, not only for so long time as the war may last in Italy, or in conclusion of peace between Great Britain the southern parts of Europe, but until the

and France.

Art. IV. If one or the other of the two high contracting parties shall happen to be attacked, molested, or disturbed in any of his estates, rights, possessions, or interests, at any time, or in whatever manner it may be, by sea or by land, in consequence, or in resentment of the articles or stipulations contained in the present Treaty, or of the measures to be taken by the said contracting par