violently ill; was carried to his home; cholera was fully developed, and the case terminated fatally after an illness of eight hours.

There is a popular report among certain citizens of Paducah that on the day preceding the death of Mr. Baldwin, a young girl who lived near the steamboat-landing, and who had returned to the city from a visit to some point below Paducah on the steamer Kilgore, died of the same disease. The physician who attended this case being now in Europe, and the family to which she belonged having removed from the city, no accurate information as to the case can be obtained.

Mr. Baldwin was attended, during the few hours that his illness assumed a violent form, by his friend, Mr. P. E. Calhoun; and by this gentleman the last services to the body of his dead friend were rendered. On the 23d of May, Mr. Calhoun was seized with symptoms of cholera, and at once secured medical attendance. The disease was fully developed, and the patient barely escaped with his life.

Three cases, none of which terminated fatally, occurred among negroes frequenting the wharf-boat and tobacco-warehouses.

With these cases the disease subsided, as far as can be discovered, until June 3, when a Mrs. Mary W. Bechtold, a German woman, thirtyfive years of age, arrived at her home, after a visit to Memphis, Tenn. Mrs. B. arrived by the noon train on the Memphis and Paducah Railroad, and after reaching her house was in perfect health and spirits, and so continued until a few moments after she retired to bed at 10 o'clock p. m., when experiencing an urgent desire to empty her rectum, she left her bed and went to stool. A few moments later and the desire returned; this time the action was profuse and watery. Others followed in rapid succession; by midnight she was fully collapsed, and at 10 o'clock a. m. the next day (June 4) she died.

During the illness of Mrs. B., she was nursed by her friend, Mrs. Teresa Engle, who resided in the next block. By Mrs. E. all the excreta were emptied, the clothing was removed, and the body prepared for the grave. After the funeral on the 5th of July, Mrs. E. was taken with a slight diarrhoea, which continued for three days, or until the 8th, when the severity of the symptoms increased, cholera was fully developed, and the case terminated fatally after an illness of forty-eight hours.

From these two cases the disease spread. The location of the dwellings in which these deaths occurred is shown upon the map, and it will be seen that they form the initial point in the infected district of the city. It is also an ascertained fact that the majority of the riversteamers that touched at the wharf boat of this city during the month of June were more or less infected with cholera.

On the 10th of June, a deck-hand of the steamer Quickstep was carried to the city hospital, where he died of cholera the next day. Dr. R. Saunders reports the cases of two negroes who were removed from the steamer Fisk to their homes in the city on the 19th with cholera. On the 21st the body of a negro who had died of cholera was removed by the city sexton from the same boat; and on the 22d the same vessel sent a fatal case to the city hospital. Early in June a few fatal cases of cholera occurred among the laborers employed at, and the individu. a's who frequented, the tobacco warehouses. Of the last-named class, Lue case of Mr. R. S. Cobb is illustrative. Mr. C. was a gentleman ty-eight years old, in easy circumstances, whose residence was in one of the best locations of the city. This gentleman was a tobacco-buyer, and frequented the warehouses devoted to that trade. He was temperate and methodical in his mode of life. June 15 he was awakened at an early hour of the morning by an uneasy sensation in his bowels, which

resulted in two or three rather loose actions. He, however, breakfasted as usual, and after visiting the market paid his morning visit to the warehouses. While at the Planters' tobacco warehouse, (Buckner & Terrell,) the severity of the diarrhoea was increased and he had several large, watery, and exhausting actions. At 12 o'clock m. he was removed to his home; at 3 o'clock p. m. he was perfectly collapsed, and died at 11.30 o'clock a. m. the next day.

The case of Henry Fletcher, an employé of Buckner & Terrell at the Planters' warehouse, is illustrative of the onset of the disease among his class. This man, an active and most respectable negro, forty years of age, was taken with a light diarrhoea June 10, which continued for three days, during which he remained at his work, using the common privy of the warehouse, (Mr. Cobb used the same privy before and after his attack.) June 14, the diarrhoea still continuing, Fletcher took a dose of cathartic pills, and attended the funeral of a child that had died the day before of cholera. While at the grave he was taken with cramps; was carried to his home, where he died at 2 o'clock p. m. the same day. This man had been a religious leader among the negroes, and previous to his attack had visited all who had been taken with the disease.

It will be noted by reference to the accompanying map that but few cases occurred in that portion of the city overlying the bed of red gravel, of which mention has already been made; and it is worthy of note that but one multiple instance occurred within these limits, which is occupied almost entirely by the better classes of the community, whose houses were invariably supplied with cistern-water.

In that portion of the city which is located upon alluvial soil, and which is represented by the deep shadings upon the map, the disease was epidemic and raged with virulence. This portion of the city is inhabited by the middle and lower classes, Germans, Irish, and negroes, whose drinking-water was obtained from wells which could only be supplied by surface-water. Some few residences of individuals of the better classes in this portion of the city, which were supplied with cistern-water and kept in good sanitary condition, were not visited by the disease. On the 25th of June the sale of vegetables was prohibited in the city, and the mortality among the negroes began to decrease; this, however, did not apply to the German population, who, regardless of the prohibition, on each Sunday would visit the country and indulge in vegetable food, besides bringing into the city a supply for the week; and it became a recognized fact that each Monday a larger number of persons from this class were buried than on any other day of the week. We are informed by the physicians of this city, who remained constantly at their post, that it was by no means an uncommon thing to find negroes upon the streets in all stages of the disease, and that this seemed particularly applicable to those who worked upon the public wharf. No physician died of the disease, but all suffered more or less with the premonitory symptoms. Those who attended the sick and cared for the dead were not exempt from the disease. An illustration of this will be found in the case of Sister Ursula, who nursed devotedly the wife of a drayman named Donovan, until released by the death of the patient, when she was herself attacked with the disease at the relig ious house of which she was a member, and died June 23, after but a short illness. Her death was followed by numerous cases of acute diarrhoea among the other inmates of this house, which were all, however, arrested in the second stage. Disinfectants were actively used, and every effort was made to improve the sanitary condition of the infected

district; but from the 14th of June to the 29th of July the disease raged maintained undoubtedly by constant cholera arrivals from infected points both on the river and railroads.

The medical men were indefatigable in their battling with the disease. When any one of their number was prostrated, the additional labor was angrudgingly performed by the well, and to their honor be it said, that this excess of labor was almost entirely gratuitous. While constantly working by day and night, it was among a class of the community who were unable to reward their physician that demanded his expenditure of time and skill, this personal exposure to contagion, but in all instances the necessities of the poor were as promptly considered as were those of the wealthy, and this when the existence of the disease almost entirely destroyed the professional income of these brave, devoted men. The treatment most relied upon during this demonstration of the disease was calomel, opium, and stimulants. In all instances where the patient was reached in the early stage of the disease it was arrested, and convalescence resulted. Some few instances of recovery from prolonged collapse are reported. Dr. Saunders reports very strongly in favor of the hypodermic use of atropia, and under date of October 26, 1873, states in some forty or fifty cases in which he made such exhibition of this remedy, none of the cases advanced beyond the second stage of the disease. December 4, 1873, Dr. S. writes, in all cases which came under his observation, in the first or second stage of cholera, he exhibited hypodermically, atropia gr. 1-30, morphia gr. 1-6, and repeated in from four to six hours as required.

In McCracken County cholera was developed at but two points outside of the city of Paducah. On the 29th of May, a farmer living at what is known as the Cross-roads, some six miles distant from Paducah, who had been in the city on the previous day, was taken with cholera. The disease was fully developed, but after an illness of ninety-six hours the patient was pronounced convalescent. This case was followed by the occurrence of five distinct cases of cholera, two of which terminated fatally. In this group the connection of the cases with Mr. Morrow, who contracted the disease at Paducah, is absolute.

The demonstration of cholera at Woodville, a village some twelve miles to the southwest of Paducah, is of great interest.

On the 13th day of June, a man named Taylor, who resided three and a half miles from Woodville, went on business to Paducah, and remained one day and two nights at that city. On the 15th he returned to his home and complained somewhat of diarrhoea. In a few hours cholera was fully developed. Early on the 16th he was found by Dr. Marshall, of Woodville, in collapse, and in a few hours died. Disinfectants were freely used, and no other cases occurred in the neighborhood. On the 28th of June, a Mrs. Benton, who lived two miles north of Woodville, was taken with cholera and died in a few hours. This Wolan, who was a widow, lived in an isolated position, in an old dilapidated log-house upon the banks of a small creek. The yard around this house was covered with high grasses and weeds. The ground was covered with débris. The family used water from a well on the hill-side, some 60 or 80 yards from the creek. This well was curbed with planks which were rotten. It was supposed that this woman could in no way have been exposed to the infection of cholera. Dr. C. G. Royster, of Woodville, who reports the case, did not reach her bedside until the patient was hopelessly collapsed.

June 29, John Rogers, aged thirty years, a son of Mrs. Benton, and who resided with his mother, was attacked with cholera, and died after