Wexford-The General stops the despotic cruelty of the

Orangemen by threatening to get the refractory tied to a

cart's tail and whipped

55

55

His remarkable answer to a curate reporting false alarms
Mr. Hawtry White's false alarms-Cruelty exercised upon the
miserable peasantry-General Hunter proves Hawtry White
a perjured and false alarmist

56-7
Several acquitted by the court martial of Wexford presided at
by Lord Ancram, and after his departure by Sir James Fow-
lis-Major Fitzgerald's letter to Mr. Hay, vouching for the
authenticity of his history, Note

The execution of Mr. Walter Devereux notwithstanding pro-

tections-The weakness of French politics saves Ireland 59

Landing of Humbert's forces at Killala

58

59

Good conduct and discipline of the French general and his

troops

60

61

62

The French take possession of Ballina

The royal army defeated shamefully at Castlebar-Rev. Mr.

Gordon's observations upon this affair, Note

The Marquis Cornwallis heads the army in person, and moves

forward to stop the career of the enemy-The progress of the

French retarded by the brave resistance of the Limerick mi-

litia near Coloony

63

The French abandon their plan against Sligo, and direct their

march towards Granard in Longford

The French army surrender at Ballynamuck-The whole march

of the French 122 Irish miles-The French lose after their

landing about two hundred men

Lord Cornwallis's plan prevents an insurrection in Granard and

Cavan-Major General Trench with a large body of troops

arrives at Killala-The rebels disperse after a severe conflict

65

66

Great expedition of the Kerry militia to relieve the town-

Rashness and temerity of the rebels

67

A narration of this sad scene by the Bishop of Killala-The

French keep the town thirty-two days

68

Great contempt of the French for the Catholic priests and C-

tholic populace-Description of their appearance and disci-

pline

Their police in Killala and environs

69

70

71

The example of Killala followed by their other conquests-

Question of legality in submitting to an invading enemy, and

acting under him-General Bellew and Mr. Richard Bourke

condemned by court martial and hanged

Roger Mac Guire after a long imprisonment at Castlebar trans-

ported to Botany Bay-Mac Guire the father hanged-Re-

turns of the army's loss during the rebellion, and that of the

rebels

72

64

1

CHAPTER VII.

OF THE UNION WITH GREAT BRITAIN.

OF the principal object of the Union-Parliament remains sit-

ting throughout the rebellion-The chiefs of the rebellion ex-

amined before the secret committees of both houses-Their

confessions published-The publication charged with misre-

presentation in the popular prints

72

The lord chancellor reports from the committee-Examination

of the chief rebels

Lord Cornwallis publishes a proclamation

*73

75

Mr. Ogle's speech in the course of the debates on the attainder

bill, Note-Mr. Grattan's letter from Twickenham 9th No-

vember, 1798, Note

-

75

76

Parliament prorogued on 6th November, 1798-The lord lieu-

tenant's speech

The Earl of Enniskillen disgraced for his conduct on the trial of

Wollaghan

77

The lord lieutenant's orders to General Craig, in consequence

of the conduct of the court-martial presided by Lord Ennis-

killen

81

80

The lamentable fate of Theobald Wolfe Tone, founder of the

Irish Union

Tried by a court-martial, pleads guilty, but asks for military

execution, being denied which, he cut his throat the night

before the execution-Opinion of the court of King's Bench

on his trial by court-martial, sitting the King's Bench - 82

The Orange societies multiplied upon the suppression of the

rebellion-Case of the king against White and Goring, magis-

trates of the county of Tipperary, Note

Crimes fabricated by, and infamous conduct of some yeomen and
magistrates-Inhumanity of Mr. T. Judkin Fitzgerald,

sheriff of Tipperary

83

84

Incorporate union can alone release Ireland from the mis-

chiefs of Orangism-Difference of opinions upon the question

of Union

85

Prostitution of votes upon the occasion-Mr. Cooke's pam-

phlet circulated with great zeal and industry by ministers

86

A list of the principal writings for and against the measure,

Note

86

The Earl of Clare at the head of the Unionists, the Right Hon.
Mr. Foster leader of the Anti-unionists-Several dismissals

87

from office-Meeting of the bar, Ambrose Smith in the chair,
A resolution moved against an Union-Adjournment
moved by St. George Daly
Upon a division, for the adjournment 32, against it 166-The
city of Dublin opposes the measure
Resolutions of Dublin, the lord mayor in the chair-Case of
George Sparks, Esq. oppressed by Wexford Orangemen,
Note

-

88

89

90

91

The political war, for and against an Union, rages throughout

the country

Meetings all over Ireland, even of the fellows and scholars of
Trinity college-Parliament meets 22d January 1799-The
viceroy's speech to both houses of parliament
An address moved from the lords-An amendment moved by
Lord Powerscourt-Rejected by a strong majority, 49 against
16-Lord Tyrone moves the address in the commons-Op-
posed by Sir John Parnell

·

94

116-17

After a debate of twenty-two hours the house divided, ayes for

the amendment 105, noes 106-Adjourned till the 24th when

Sir Lawrence Parsons objects to the paragraph concerning the

Union, saying, the question of an Union revives all the old

political jealousies

Answer of the Irish parliament to King Edward, when sum-
moned by him to England-Various other reasons against
the measure alleged by Sir Lawrence Parsons
Lord Castlereagh disclaims any thought of re-arguing the ques-

118

120

tion

On a division upon omitting or expunging the paragraph relative

to an Union in the address, for the rejection of the paragraph

111, for its continuance 106; majority for the Anti-unionists

5-A message from the king to the House of Lords in

England, on the same day as in Ireland, proposing Union

138

A like message to the British House of Commons-Mr. Sheri-

dan opposes bringing such a measure forward in the then

state of affairs-Mr. Pitt replies, and the motion for taking

his majesty's message, &c. is carried for the day following

139

Lord Grenville in the House of Peers moves for taking his ma-
jesty's message, &c.-Mr. Sheridan in the Commons opposes
the measure as an infringement upon the rights of that nation
declared in the Irish parliament in 1782, &c.-The declaration
of the parliament of Ireland, Note

Mr. Sheridan concludes his speech by moving an amendment,

expressing the surprise and deep regret with which the house,

&c.

140

144

**

Mr. Canning answers Mr. Sheridan, and says the French revo-

lution made a deep impression upon the minds of the Irish

145

The advantages of a closer connection with England demonstrat-

ed-Mr. Canning concludes by recommending the measure

148

Mr. Pitt at length supports the measure, and offers various rea-

sons which induce him thereto

149

151

The amendment rejected, and address voted.

Mr. Pitt in a long speech enumerates the great advantages of
the measure of an incorporate Union, acknowledging the
competency of the Irish parliament to dispose for itself

151.2

The emancipation of Catholics considered as dangerous to the

state in the then state of affairs, but practicable upon an Union

Want of capital and industry in Ireland

154

155

The loss of national independence of no weight when considered

with regard to Ireland

156

157

The weakness of Ireland against an enemy

Advantages of the Union for Ireland by a comparison with

Scotland

158

He concludes by presenting eight resolutions-The resolutions

reported at full length

Mr.

158

162

162

Mr. Pitt concludes by moving an address, &c.-Mr. Sheridan

opposes the plan as productive of discord and animosity 159

Mr. Sheridan concludes by presenting two resolutions-The

resolutions at full length-Lord Hawkesbury in support of

the measure, and Dr. Lawrence against it

The house divides, 140 against 15-Mr. Pitt proposes a full

discussion of the subject-Mr. Sheridan renews his opposition

to the scheme

Mr. Pitt protests against Mr. Sheridan's resolutions-Mr. Grey

contends for his friend's propositions, &c.-Division for the

previous question. 141 against 25-Upon the formation of a

committee for the discussion, the honourable Mr. St. John

moves to have the question dismissed for the present 163

Messrs. Grey, Secretary Dundas, Sheridan, Wyndham, Tierney,

Grant, and Smith, speak for and against the speaker's leaving

the chair-Division, 149 against 24-the order of the day

moved for a committee on the message-Mr. Sheridan re-

commends as a substitution for a legislative Union Catholic

emancipation, which had been heretofore promised, and moves

that it be an instruction to the committee to examine how far

it would be conducive to the interests of Ireland to abolish all

religious inabilities, &c.
164

This proposal upon the suggestion of Mr. Pitt rejected without

a division-General Fitzpatrick, honourable Mr. Dudley

Rider, Messrs. Tierney, Dundas, the solicitor general, the

honourable Mr. Percival, Mr. Sylvester Douglas, and Dr.

Lawrence, severally speak on the subject, as bearing a con-

nection with the arrangement in 1782

165-6

168

Upon a division for the speaker's leaving the chair 131, against

it 19-The opinion upon an union of Lewins and Dr. M'Ne-

vin at the meeting in Dublin, Note-The house in committee,

Mr. Douglas takes the chair-Mr. Hobhouse recommends

deferring the measure for the present, as obnoxious to the

people of Ireland-Mr. Addington, the speaker, takes a gene-

ral review of the relative situation of both countries in politics,

commerce, and religion

Mr. Addington concludes by giving his full approbation to the

measure-The five first resolutions of Mr. Pitt read and agreed

to; the sixth, granting free trade, opposed by Mr. Wilber-

force Bird-The remaining resolutions carried-Mr. Hob-

house states his reasons for opposing the measure-Lord

Levison Gower is a friend to an union-Sir Robert Peele,

though an enemy to the commercial propositions in 1785,

approves of Union-Lord Temple of the same opinion 173

Various other members speak for and against the proposed plan,

which on a division is adopted, ayes for bringing up the re-

port 120, noes 16-On the 18th February a conference be-

tween the lords and commons of the British parliament-Mr.

Foster's great popularity in Ireland-Addressed by the city

of Dublin, guild of merchants, &c.

Lord Castlereagh moves for an adjournment of the Irish parlia-

ment to 7th Feb.-Sir John Parnell opposes the adjournment,

and urges the necessity of vigilance against the wiles of minis-

try

176

175

Mr. Barrington censures Mr. Pitt's speech-Sir Henry Caven-

dish supports the adjournment, and asserts, that the whole

county of Cork desire an Union-Sir John Freke contradicts

the report of the wishes of Cork

The question is carried in the affirmative-Colonel Maxwell

Barry moves for a call of the house on the 8th Feb. 177

The motion amended for the 11th Feb.-Sir Henry Cavendish,

after prefacing upon the unruly conduct of people without

doors, moves three resolutions-A report that the parliament

was to be removed to Cork

178

A paragraph read from the Dublin Evening Post by the right

honourable Denis Browne against the corruption of ministry,

&c.-Meetings in the different counties of Anti-unionists-

The address of the city of Galway remarkable for its concise.

ness and perspicuity

179