in the List of Young Men Recommended from the College. Those are high rewards, and I had much pleasure myself in the share it belonged to me to take as Governor of this Establishment in procuring them for you."

He also refers to the ensign's name having been mentioned in the House of Commons. Obtaining his company in 1826, and passing the Senior Department 1826-27, Capt. Adams continued to serve in the 10th Regiment until 1840. What were its movements during this period; and where can I find accounts of its services in Ireland "putting down the stills," and at Manchester, &c., during the Chartist troubles in 1839? He was captain and brevet-major in the 36th Regiment, 1840-43. Where was it stationed? I am trying to trace a portrait of his in uniform, which he gave away." He was appointed to Sandhurst on July 1, 1843. I shall be glad of reminiscences or anecdotes of him which any officers can furnish. BEAULIEU.

66

YEARS OF TIBERIUS.-De Saulcy suggests that Tiberius commenced the second year of his reign with Jauuary 1, A.D. 15, some four months after his accession to the throne. See 'Numismatique de la Terre Sainte,' p. 73. Has this suggestion been verified or disproved? A. B.

"TUMBLER.”—Has the origin of this word as applied to the ordinary drinking-glass ever been inquired into? I have in my possession an old diary kept by a great-uncle of mine in the year 1803, in which occurs the following entry: "Had a few friends to dine, tried my new tumbling glasses; very successful, all got drunk early." I have an indistinct recollection of my parents being in possession of one of these "tumbling glasses," a glass with a bottom somewhat similar to that of a soda-water bottle, so that one had constantly to keep hold of it when in use. Is it not probable that this was the reason of such glasses being styled tumblers? CLIFFORD Dunn.

&

any prove that there was any Joe Collins; any
memoirs by him; or any reason, granting the
memoirs, for believing in their authenticity?
A. LANG.

"ALTAR."-In a review of the 'Parish Registers
of St. Chad' (8th S. ii. 539) your reviewer says
that from the time of Queen Elizabeth to the
beginning of the Tractarian movement the term
"altar"
in parish churches. Has he seen any of the tracts
was not applied to the communion tables
on this subject ?—such as :-

"The Altar Dispute: a Discourse Concerning the several innovations of the Altar. Wherein is discussed severall of the chiefe grounds or foundations whereon our Altar Champions have erected these Buildings, by H. P. [Henry Parker], 1641." W. F.

ORIGIN AND EXPLANATION OF PHRASE SOUGHT.
-I have often heard it said

A man convinced against his will
Is of the same opinion still.

Can any one explain how this saying passed into
currency? It is no doubt a corruption of the lines
in Hudibras,'-
He that complies against his will
Is of the same opinion still,

words which have the merit of sense, a thing
which the corrupt form of them does not so far
as I can see-possess. How can a man
vinced" (persuaded by evidence of the truth of a
thing), though "convinced against his will," still
hold the contrary opinion; in other words, How
can he be "convinced" and "unconvinced" at the
same time?
C. W. CASS.

CHANDLER FAMILIES.-Will any reader of 'N. & Q.' kindly give me any genealogical information respecting the families of the surname of Chandler in Surrey and Kent? In 1648 George Chandler was Lord of the Manor of Bramley, in Surrey. A descendant of his, of the same name, "THE GOOD DEVIL OF WOODSTOCK.'-Perhaps gate, who died in 1838. The following is from married Mary, niece of Richard Smythe, of Bursome reader of 'N. & Q.' can tell me whether the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. v. p. 737: "DeThe Genuine History of the Good Devil of Wood-cember 16, 1735, Died Mr. Chandler, formerly stock,' by Joe Collins, called "Funny Joe," is Mayor of Maidstone, Kent, suddenly. He left known to exist anywhere in print or manuscript. his estate to It is clear that Sir Walter Scott knew very little given], son to the Bishop of Durham." Is there Chandler [no Christian name is about it. In his introduction to Woodstock,' any connexion between the Surrey and Kent written for the edition of 1832, he simply quotes Chandlers and the bishop's family? a writer in Hone's 'Every Day Book,' who again quotes an anonymous writer in the British Magazine for 1747. This second writer says that Joe Collins's memoirs and confession of the imposture at Woodstock in 1709 "have fallen into his hands." Scott could find no such pamphlet. The story of Joe Collins is that he was secretary to the Tormented Commission, under the name of Sharpe. Now, the secretary's name was Browne, according so 'The Just Devil of Woodstock' (1660). Can

JOHN CHANDLER.

17, Stonor Road, West Kensington.

you or any of your readers give me information of BROWNE, OF THE NEALE, CO. MAYO.-Can the whereabouts of an inquisition document of the lands of Josias (or Josiah) Browne, of the Neale (son and heir of John Browne, of the Neale, by Alys Cardyffe, his wife) taken at the town of Cloncashall, co. Mayo, by the Sheriff of Mayo,

March 14, 1591? Mention is made of this docu-
ment in a later inquisition of the lands of Josias
Browne, dated April 21, 1612. This document is
in the Record Office, Dublin, but the earlier one
is not in that office. I am anxious to see this
earlier document for the pedigree of Browne of the
Neale, to ascertain, if possible, the connexion of that
family in England. The above John Browne was
the first of that family to settle in Ireland, and was
High Sheriff of Mayo in 1583, and was massacred,
with twenty-five of his retainers, by the Burks, of
Mayo, in 1589. From this John Browne descends
the great Connaught family of Browne of the Neale,
now represented by Lord Kilmaine and the Mar-
quis of Sligo.
J. CAVENDISH BROWNE.

Is there any record of the above-mentioned relics -hairs of our Lord, or a piece of the rod of Moseshaving been in possession of the church at Manchester, or of any other church in England? Vaux carried away with him to Louvain a quantity of Church plate and vestments, a list of which is given in his will (dated May 4, 1573), printed with other documents in the introduction to the edition of his 'Catechism,' published in 1885 by the Chetham Society. It is suggested that Vaux may have complained to his brethren of his inability to save the relics in question, and hence this curious | right:

Anne hath-a-way to win a heart,
Anne hath no way to keep it;
Anne hath-a-way to make it smart,
Anne hath no way to weep it.

6. Each was careless about publishing his works,
or even objected to do so. I certainly do not
require to be told, either by MR. HENDERSON
or by the two authorities that he quotes, that
Shakspere concentrated his lofty genius and the
illimitable patience that accompanied it on the
production of his dramas. A doubt on this sub-
What I said was,
ject never entered my mind.
that both Shakspere and Molière were careless
about having their works printed. I have already
given Molière's utterances on this subject. His
plays were composed in order to be acted, not to be
read. Shakspere seems to have been influenced
by a similar idea, or he would have been careful
that the single plays that were printed in his time
were at least correct-if, indeed, he cared to trouble
himself at all about the matter. Some, if not
many of these prints and reprints were probably
piracies. They contain not only typographical
blunders, but are often textually corrupt. Some
of the plays in these prints are not divided into
acts, or if into acts not into scenes. But a strong
proof of the great dramatist's indifference as to the
printing of his plays lies in the fact that he made
no attempt to collect his works; they were written
for the stage, and had served their purpose there,
had brought him profit, and that was enough.
Even after his final retirement to his native home,
he produced for the players four of his noblest
creations, written, as it were, on commission, the
performance of which he never intended to witness.
But the crowning proof of his indifference to the
printing of his dramas lies in the fact that seven
years after his death, when his plays were collected
into the folio of 1623, out of thirty-six here pub-
lished, only fifteen had been printed in the
author's lifetime. So uncertain were the editors as
to the text of many passages, that they lament that
the author himself did not live "to have set forth
and overseen his own writings." There are not
only innumerable difficulties in the text, as commen-
tators know to this day, but the very dates at which
many of the plays were written or produced cannot
now be accurately fixed.

The following is a list of the dramas that were printed for the first time in the edition of 1623; and it seems to me to confirm the conclusion that the author was indifferent to, or even objected to, the printing of his works :—

1. The Two Gentlemen of Verona.' 2. 'The Comedy of Errors.' 3. "The Taming of the Shrew.' 4. All's Well that Ends Well." 5. Twelfth Night.' 6. As You Like It.' 7. 'Measure for Measure.' 8. A Winter's Tale.' 9. 'The Tempest.' 10. 'Cymbeline.' 11. Timon of Athens.' 12. Macbeth.' 13. 'Coriolanus.' 14. 'Julius Cæsar.' 15. 'Antony and Cleopatra.' 16. 'King

first time.

The

10. Each disliked his profession. MR. HENDERSON makes me say that each disliked his profession as a dramatist. I hope he will excuse the remark that he mistook my meaning. I said that each disliked his profession as an actor. actor was even less esteemed in Shakspere's time than in Molière's, if that were possible. I have given Molière's ideas on the subject, and have also quoted the pathetic utterance of Shakspere in his 111th Sonnet. MR. HENDERSON, however, still holding to the idea of dramatist instead of actor, follows Charles Knight in supposing that the sonnet referred to was written in a moment of despondency. No ground is apparent to me for such a supposition, nor any reason why the lines did not express the author's real sense of his position. Moreover, our idea of Shakspere's dislike to acting is strengthened by the tradition that he did not excel as an actor, since, being lame, he could take only old men's parts. The allusions to his lameness in Sonnets 37 and 80 seem to me to be as real as his protest against his profession as an

actor.

13. MR. HENDERSON again misrepresents me (of course unintentionally) when he exclaims, "I was simply amazed when I learned that Shakspere was classed with those who disregarded manner." My words were that Shakspere and Molière "preferred the idea, or matter, to the comparative disregard of the manner," which is a very different statement of opinion. But in order to justify it, many details are required, which I must defer until the time when the Editor of N. & Q.' can afford me sufficient space. Highgate, N.

C. TOMLINSON.

I do not understand how Shakspeare shows correct classical learning. In 'Troilus and Cressida he exhibits an absolute ignorance of Homer, whether in the original or in a translation. His portrait of Achilles is evidently done by a man who knew nothing of the 'Iliad.' He knew nothing of the Greek chiefs except their names. He makes Troilus survive Hector; but so does Chaucer, and it is clear that he got much of the material for his play from Chaucer's poem. But he makes Hector _quote Aristotle, and does other strange things. His account of the way in which Dido parted from Eneas in The Merchant of Venice' is quite different from that of Virgil. In 'Midsummer Night's Dream' there are fairies and convents at Athens in the time of Theseus, who himself refers to the fate of Dido, a lady who lived after him. In Venus and Adonis,' Venus says that she will "like a fairy trip upon the green."

It is no sign of Shakspeare's classical scholarship
that he should make Venus compare herself with
a fairy. So far as I can see, Shakspeare's know-
ledge of classics was confined to translations of
Plutarch's 'Lives' and Ovid's Metamorphoses,'
though there is some evidence that he had read
Ovid's work in the original.
E. YARDLEY.

Following MR. WALLER's note as to the refusal of the rites of sepulture to Molière, Boileau's lines on the subject may, perhaps, be recalled with advantage:

Avant qu'un peu de terre, obtenu par prière
Pour jamais sous la tombe eût enfermé Molière,
Mille de ces beaux traits, aujourd'hui si vantés,
Furent des sots esprits à nos yeux rebutés.

Epitre vii.
In a note to the above, M. Geruzez, one of
Boileau's editors, remarks:-

"Molière étant mort sous le coup de l'excommunication qui frappait les comédiens il fallut l'intervention du roi pour obtenir une place à son corps en terre sainte, et l'argent de sa veuve pour dissiper un attroupement d'idiots furieux qui s'apprêtaient à troubler son modeste

These Hussars of the last century spoken of by KILLIGREW were foreigners. The clothing of regiments being until late years in the hands of the full colonels, it is almost an impossibility to deter"In addressing a person to whom you wish to show mine as to the use and disuse of the fur-cap, but additional respect, lei is always used. In Tuscany lei I have always been told that all Hussars but the is always used by a servant to his master, by a shop. 18th had at one time the fur-cap for dress and the keeper to his customer, by a gentleman to a lady; in shako for undress. As to the derivation of the word fact, in that part of Italy voi is almost a dead letter. In Northern Italy (where either the local dialect or "busby," it would seem that, as it was not imFrench is habitually spoken) voi predominates; so much ported with the dress, it would be of British birth,

UNIVERSAL HISTORY' (4th S. xi. 504; 5th S. xii. 168, 410).-Twenty years ago, at the first of these references, MR. L. B. THOMAS asked for a BOOKS WRITTEN IN PRISON (7th S. ix. 147, 256, given in Boswell's 'Johnson.' May I repeat his more complete list of authors of this work than is 412; x. 96, 454; xi. 176, 457, 513).—The follow-question in regard to "the modern part "?" I want ing works are not included at any of the above specially to learn the author of vols. i. to iii. (1780 edition), which deal with the Arabs.