that the will had been obtained through the influence of Madame de Feuchères. The division of the fortune between the Duc d'Aumale and Madame de Feuchères is computed to have given about five millions sterling to the former and about half a million sterling to the latter.

Immediately after Louis Philippe had come to the throne by revolutionary means, the last of the Condés tried to fly the country, concealing his departure from Madame de Feuchères, and was strangled in the night. S. D. S. is not quite right in saying that the great trial had been in 1832, as Hennequin's speeches were made December 9, 1831, and January 13, 1832. Madame de Feuchères won her case, and was received at the palace by the king and queen for the remainder of her life, although the latest historian points out that Dupin (the first), the brother of her advocate, would not himself receive her. T. L. I.

BUSBY (8th S. ii. 468, 491). - Although it is the thing, and not the word, about which MR. Goss asks for information, it may be presumed that he would not have written his query without previous reference to the 'N. E. D.' for information on both, and that he is dissatisfied with what he finds. This may well be, as it is only as an example of the use of the word that the 'N. E. D.' quotes the 'Imperial Dictionary' to the effect that the bag appears to be a relic of a Hungarian head-dress from which a long padded bag hung over, and was attached to the right shoulder as a defence against sword-cuts. The only alternative I can offer to MR. Goss is that many years ago, "when I first put this uniform on," I received the impression that the busby originated in the red cotton night-cap, the top of which, of different material and subject to variations of colour, still hangs down outside the furcap, while the fur-cap itself was in the first place only a roll of fur to keep the head warm in cold weather-a fact much impressed upon my head as I rode one warm August from London to Leeds.

One does not obtain much guidance in the matter from the circumstances attending the first equipment with fur-caps of regiments in the British service, particularly as the term fur-cap seems not only to have been in general use from their introduction in about 1807 to their abolition in 1822, but to have been used again on their resumption by the same regiments in 1841.

British Hussar troops had existed in the last century. But it was only on April 14, 1811, that a warrant sanctioned the equipment of four regiments of our Light Dragoons as Hussars. These regiments, which received fur-caps as part of their equipment, were the 7th, 10th, 15th, and 18th Light Dragoons, the last of which was disbanded in 1821, and resuscitated in 1858. In 1822 British Light Dragoons equipped as Hussars received

shakos. In 1824 Lady Londonderry appeared in a busby, as if in protest, at a review of the 10th Light Dragoons (Hussars) by her husband. (See Liddell's 'Memoirs of the 10th Hussars.') But neither the 10th nor the 8th, who were equipped as Hussars on return from India in 1824, nor the other regiments of like equipment, received furcaps for some years. In 1840 the 11th Light Dragoons were not only equipped as Hussars, but received their absolute title as such, other regiments still retaining the title Light Dragoons, with the explanatory (Hussars) in parentheses. In 1841 Her Majesty was "pleased to approve of the 10th or Prince of Wales's Own Royal Regiment of Dragoons (Hussars) resuming the fur hussar cap formerly worn by that regiment." (See Liddell's 'Memoirs.')

In 1846, however, the head-dress is described in the Dress Regulations as a busby. In Malet's 'History of the 18th Hussars,' where December 25, 1807, is given as the date of the regiment's receiving permission to be clothed as Hussars, the words "busby-bag blue" occur. Though the words are not given as a quotation, the 'N. E. D.' accepts this as an early use of the word busby. As it seems exceptionally early, it would be interesting to know if the words are those of a warrant or those of the author recording the fact.

،

As for the history of the word, MR. Goss is doubtless aware that DR. MURRAY, while preparing his letter B, applied, like a wise lexicographer, to N. & Q. for further information, dissatisfied, apparently, with the suggestions already made in its pages. These were two. The first (6th S. ii. 455) was that it originated in the Hungarian word vasföveg: turning the v's and f into b's we get something very like busbybag. But what is the use of this if vasföveg does not mean the thing in question?-and it is not pretended that it does. The second (6th S. iii. 95) was that it came from a firm of hatters, Busby & Walker having sold hats in the Strand till 1812, and Busby & Son in Bond Street in 1831. This was an ingenious suggestion, notwithstanding the want of practical acquaintance with the subject shown by the suggestor in presuming that the term was never officially used. There are now many Busbies trading in London, and some farming in Warwickshire; but I find none connected with the hatting interest. However, DR. MURRAY'S query elicited no further information, and the word appears in the 'N. E. D.' without a pedigree. KILLIGREW.

A most atrocious etymology of "busby" from Magyar föveg was published many years ago in 'N. & Q.' The 'N. E. D.' is more cautious, of course, and states that its derivation is unknown. According to the same authority, Busby is the name (1) of a place, (2) of a family, (3) of a wig, and (4) of the well-known military head-gear.

Busbies of the exact shape worn in our days by English regulars and volunteers were worn by the Hungarian body-guard of Maria Theresia at her coronation in 1741, as shown on a contemporary engraving in the Pozsony town museum. The prototype of the busby-i. e., a cloth bag or cap, trimmed with fur more or less deep-was worn by Hungarian soldiers as far back as the times of the Emperor Maximilian I. at least, and is shown on Burgkmair's 'Triumphzug Kaiser Maximilian I.' It is probably much older than the fifteenth century, and is common to the whole East, where winters are cold and furred animals common.

If we are to believe your correspondent D., the only people who wear busbies in Hungary are the three "common" ministers for foreign affairs, joint finance, and war, and their subordinates, because these are the only people "who happen to be Austro-Hungarian officials." May I, therefore, inform him that the busby forms part of the national (not "local") Hungarian dress, and may be worn by anybody? L. L. K.

This head-dress has its origin as the national hat of the Hungarians. From 1806, the year in which the first English Light Dragoon Regiment was clothed as Hussars, and certainly up to 1821, the only term by which their head-dress was known was the "fur-cap." I should be glad to know how and when the name busby originated. For the last few years I have heard this name of busby given to the Fusilier cap, though bearing no resemblance to the Hussar busby.

HAROLD MALET, Col.

See the 'New English Dictionary, s. r., where it is stated "derivation unknown." W. C. B.

The origin of the Hussar or Artillery cap being called a busby has often been the subject of an inquiry in 'N. & Q.,' but at present without any satisfactory reply being received. See 'N. & Q.,' 2nd S. iii. 508; x. 429; 5th S. viii. 49; 6th S. ii. 247, 454; iii. 94; iv. 98; 7th S. iv. 27, 334.

71, Brecknock Road.

EVERARD HOME COLEMAN.

REV. GEORGE CROLY, LL.D. (8th S. ii. 446). Allibone's 'Dictionary' gives the date of the birth

of this divine and great writer as 1780, the 'In perial Dictionary of Universal Biography' as 1785. No mention is made of him in Jerdan's "Men i Have Known' (not "Jordan," as spelt on p. 447), so one cannot suppose him to have been a very intimate friend, nor should I say that Jerdan ever

had sufficient influence to obtain a Crown living

for Croly or for any one else. In 1835 Croly was appointed by the Lord Chancellor to the benefice of St. Benet Sherehog with St. Stephen's Walbrook, a church close to the Mansion House. Sir John Vanbrugh is buried in it.

I can remember when a boy, in 1844, going

JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.

Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.

I have a strong impression that my parents used to speak of him as sometime curate of St. Paul, Covent Garden. The period would agree viz., prior to 1835.

Tunbridge Wells.

"

DOSSETOR.

"TO BONE (8th S. ii. 190, 312, 456). -There cannot be a doubt that MR. ADAMS is correct in his interpretation of this expression. In my new edition of 'Phrase and Fable,' which I am preparing, I explain the word thus :

"Shakespeare ('2 Hen. VI.,' Act I. sc. iii.) calls the ten fingers, the ten bones: 'By these ten bones, my lord'; ......and Hamlet (III. ii.) calls them 'pickers and stealers."

Putting the two together, there can be no doubt that "to bone" is to finger, that is, to pick and steal.

E. COBHAM BREWER.

POEMS IN THE GREEK ANTHOLOGY (8th S. ii. 149, 337). - The original of "Dead, my first-born," will be found in 'Appendix. Epigrammatum,' 278, vol. iii. of the Tauchnitz (1829) edition of the Anthology.' P. J. F. GANTILLON.

BALE (8th S. ii. 389). - Mr. Charles Sackville Bale, a distinguished and very wealthy collector of works of art and antiquity, a liberal lender of his acquisitions for public enjoyment, a man of considerable accomplishment and a fine and curious taste, died on November 28, 1880, aged eightynine years, and his collections were sold at Christie's on May 13, 1881, and, in six portions, during eighteen days following. They comprise, besides pictures, Italian medals, drawings, engravings of all sorts, and minor items. All these things were of first-rate quality, the sale called together half the amateurs and dealers of Europe, and it realized nearly 71,000l. The Girtin W. C. W. refers to was probably 'A Mountain Landscape, "The River Exe, "Hereford Cathedral,

'Durham,' or 'Morpeth Bridge.'

0.

I personally knew a Mr. Charles Sackville Bale, a tall, fine, elderly gentleman, of about seventy to seventy-five years of age. He was living about the year 1880 at No. 71, Cambridge Terrace, Hyde

CHALKS: LONG CHALKS (8th S. ii. 469). -It is probable that the word "chalks," or the phrase "long chalks," comes from the playing of a game which thirty to forty years ago was common among boys and grown men alike in Derbyshire, and no doubt in other counties in the Midlands. The game was known as "long chalks," and was played thus: A chalk mark was made on the ground, not less than two feet long. The players -and any number could join in the game-held a piece of chalk in the right hand, and, toeing the mark, bent the body as low as they liked, and, passing the right hand with the lump of chalk round the back of the right leg, reached forward-or "wramed," as they called it as far as possible, and made a mark on the ground with the piece of chalk held in the hand. Some, of

course, could reach further than others, and the longest reach won by "a long chalk," as compared with the shortest chalk. Any attempt at cheating or over-reaching brought prompt retribution, as the player lost his balance and tumbled forward. Boys played the game for buttons or marbles, and men for halfpence or pence, the

"long chalk" taking the pool. It may be as well to say, perhaps, that the landlord's ale-score in chalk behind the door of his bar against certain customers was also very often "a long chalk," and was known as such. THOS. RATCLIFFE. Worksop.

Dr. Brewer, in his 'Dictionary of Phrase and Fable,' p. 154, states, with reference to the phrase, ""I beat him by long chalks': Thoroughly, in allusion to the old custom of making the merit marks with chalk, before lead pencils were so common."

I do not think the word long, here used, can refer to the length of the chalk, or of the mark made by the chalk, but is used in a qualifying sense"most thoroughly." oughly." Davies has this idea also in his 'Supp. English Glossary,' p. 112, where he states: "By long chalks=by many degrees"; and quotes 'Ingoldsby Legends' ('St. Romwold'): They whipp'd and they spurr'd, and they after her press'd, But Sir Alured's steed was by long chalks the best. De Quincey, 'System of the Heavens': "As regards the body of water discharged......the Indus ranks foremost by a long chalk."

W. B. GERISH.

In my schoolboy days "long chalks" were notes of admiration in playing leap-frog, marbles, or jumping; they being chalk marks placed to record the progress of the game and the distances achieved. A. H.

YATES FAMILY (8th S. ii. 467). - 'Manchester Faces and Places,' vol. i., November 11, 1889, in a notice of Mr. Joseph Maghull Yates, gives the annexed details relating to his family :

"Mr. Yates, whose portrait appears in this number, has had the honour to be appointed First Recorder of Salford, having received his appointment from the Home Secretary on the 19th September, 1889. Mr. Yates is not only a barrister of high standing, and a popular member the northern circuit, but

he is the most recent Judge in a family which has been notable for producing lawyers of eminence. His father was the late Joseph St. John Yates, County Court Judge for the Macclesfield and Congleton District of Cheshire, and whose judgments, particularly as affecting the trades and customs of the district, are regarded as valuable precedents. One ancestor of the present Recorder was Sir Joseph Yates, Knt., one af the Justices of the Court of Queen's Bench, and afterwards of the Court of Common Pleas. He died June 7th, 1770, and was buried in the chancel of Cheam Church, Surrey. His widow married Dr. John Thomas, Bishop of branches of the family of Yates of Stanley House and Peel Hall, from which the Recorder is descended, were

Rochester and Dean of Westminster. The earlier