summer work is the idea of sending groups of children off on historic excursions in company with an expert.

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA EMPLOYMENT BUREAU.

The frequent appeals to the University of Pennsylvania for assistance to a college education suggested the advisability of establishing a bureau of self-help for needy students. The functions of this bureau are twofold: First, it is instrumental in placing needy students in touch with people interested in their welfare and anxious to offer them temporary employment; second, it affords the public an opportunity to engage high-grade help at a more reasonable rate than otherwise. In addition to offering to young men of exceptional ability and limited means the advantages of a college education, it acts as a bond of sympathy in the community and stimulates local interest in the growth of the University. Indeed the citizens of Philadelphia have responded so nobly to our solicitations for their cooperation in this movement that the success of the University Employment Bureau has been phenomenal. The following facts from last year's annual report will give some conception of the work accomplished by this organiza

tion:

During the school term and vacation of 1905-6, 238 students applied to the University Employment Bureau for work. By departments this number is divided as follows: 125 applicants from the college; 56 from the Medical School; 26 from the Dental School; 26 from the Law School, and 12 from the Veterinary School. With this available number of applicants 294 positions were filled. The time devoted to work varied from a few hours daily during school time to a couple of months in summer vacation.

The total amount of students' earnings. for last season was $25,160. This is a general average of about $86 per man. The largest earnings of any student were about $250. About fifty positions were lost to the bureau either from want of qualified applicants or lack of time on their part.

NEW RECORDS MADE IN COLLEGE

ATHLETICS.

The greatest year in the history of college sport has been the academic one of 1906-1907. In nearly every one of the events East and West new records were either made or the quality of the sport was exceptionally high, and all this was accomplished in spite of great opposition from the official heads of many universities.

In the East championships were decided in 20 distinct sports-the greatest number on record. In the West the

number was far less for the reason that many of the sports fostered in that section are not strong enough to bring about intercollegiate meets.

The number of championships won by Yale during the year has been remarkable. Yale stands first in six sports. Next comes Princeton with two championships and two ties. Pennsylvania and Cornell are tied for third position.

Counting each championship as I the standing of the various universities of the East would be: Yale, 6%; Princeton, 3; Pennsylvania, 21⁄2; Cornell, 21⁄2; Columbia, 2; Annapolis, 1; New York university, 1; Harvard, 1, and Johns Hopkins, I.

The Yale men were first in basketball, golf, water polo, tennis and wrestling. Then they divided honors with Princeton in football. Princeton won the swimming honors and tied for first place in both football and baseball.

Pennsylvania was first in track athletics and cricket and tied with Brown in the triangular chess tournament. Cornell won out in rowing and cross-country and tied with Princeton in baseball. The only other institution to carry off more than one championship was Columbia, the New Yorkers winning the bowling championship and first place in the quadrangular chess tournament.

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THE WORK OF ONE NEGRO WOMAN.

A remarkable representative of the Negro race is now in this State, says the Boston Transcript, for the purpose of getting subscriptions to enable her to get on a step further with her school for girls at Daytona, Fla., Mrs. Mary Mc

Leod Bethune. She is the child of former slaves, and one of sixteen children. When she was seven or eight years old, she was selected as a beneficiary of a good woman from the North for education. All the family had to work to keep the household, and she had her daily task to fulfil in the field. In order to accept the opportunity offered her, Mary got up before sunrise and worked out part of what she had to do, then walked three miles to the mission school, and on her return in the early evening she finished her task. This was her life for several years. She continued to pursue her education, working her own way; from Scotia Seminary at Concord, N. C., she went to Chicago, and on a scholarship entered the Moody Bible School, and was graduated with honor. She took up the profession of teacher.

Three years ago she began the school at Daytona. She was led to this place because all the way south from Jacksonville she found that there was nothing of the sort, and the young Negro girls were growing up without any training to make them good women and good citizens. She began in the most humble way, gathering the girls together and teaching them the rudiments-the three R's-and the practical exercise of household work, sewing, washing, cooking and so on. It has been a ceaseless struggle for the means to go on, but she has begged money, as every builder of such an enterprise must do in the South.

Now she has a boarding school of sixty-five girls from Florida towns on the east coast for many miles around-Orange City, Palm Beach, San Mateo, Fernandina, Palatka, Miami, Sanford, Ormond, Starke, Eden, Micanopy, Live Oak -even from Jacksonville and St. Augustine. She has one building occupied and the growth of her school has made necessary another, for which she has raised money enough to put up the structure, but nothing more. She is now trying to get $2,000, with which she can make it habitable before the school re

opens, Sept. 30. This is not all that is needed, of course; money is wanted to pay the teachers, to provide furniture, to give help to poor students. Mrs. Bethune herself has no salary, nor does she ask anything for herself.

One should hear her describe her furnishing of her first house, with packing boxes, draped in concealing cotton cloth, for tables, washstands, desks; with shelves set in for bookcases, with hooks placed for wardrobes-all those provisions which we smile at when used for a camping home in the woods, but here a serious preparation for the very life of girls that have nothing-and yet they pay their small fees. They appreciate the advantages, and they improve them. The school is in the Negro settlement of Daytona known as Midway. It is 110 miles south of Jacksonville on the East Coast Railway, on the Halifax River. It is entirely a Negro enterprise.

The work done there is not only that of the school proper. Mrs. Bethune also maintains a Sunday mission at which from 250 to 300 boys and girls are taught religious life, without any sectarian bias, the Bible the textbook, and referred to in the school as well as the mission. She has organized a "loyal temperance legion" for children, and says it is "a blessing to the entire town." There is a Woman's Christian Temperance Union branch, a King's Daughters circle; and at the midweek prayer meeting it is sought to reach also the young men of the community. There are six teachers, besides Mrs. Bethune herself. The sim

ple, practical teaching which has been described is all that is attempted, but Mrs. Bethune does not believe that industrial education is all that the Negro should know; she holds that the Negro, man or woman, should be given the opportunity to make of himself or herself the most possible, just as the white person is given that opportunity. Her own work, however, is marked out by herself on the lines indicated.

For a number of years past the Yale Club of New York has appointed a committee on business information, the purpose of which, briefly, is to put the man in touch with the job and the job in touch with the man, says the Alumni Weekly. The commercial demand for young graduates in New York is doubtless much stronger than is realized by those who have not had experience with

A number of large offices, such as banking and brokerage houses, have left with the committee standing orders for men at all times. In cases like this the initial salary is, of course, small. The firms desiring men are not in the business for charity, but they realize that they can get intelligent assistants who will work very cheaply for the first year or two and whom they can know something about by applying to a college business information committee.

During the last year the committee has found positions for about fifty men; the year before it had found positions for about thirty-five. It has had continuously on its list a large number of applications which it could not fill, some of them requiring special knowledge of men wh have had years of training. It is hoped that both parties to this arrangement— on the one hand employers, on the other hand graduates, young or old, skilled or unskilled-will realize the possibilities which it offers, and will call upon the committee freely.

*

The North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts, West Raleigh, N. C., open their fall course in textile education on September 25 next. This institution has just issued a booklet, giving a syllabus of the curriculum. offered to prospective students and describing the equipment of the various departments. The school building is a typical mill building in construction, and is fully equipped with all the necessary machinery for manufacturing cotton yarns and fabrics from the bale to the

finished product. The college year begins September 25 and ends May 27. The average cost for the whole year, including board and all necessary expenses, is about $230. A number of free scholarships are available for students taking the textile course.

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The chapel of the Naval Academy, which forms the crowning architectural feature of the group of structures of the new academy, is rapidly nearing completion, and arrangements have been made for the installation of some of the many memorial windows which will be placed. there. One of the first memorial windows will be that to the late Admiral David D. Porter, who served as superintendent of the academy from Sept. 9, 1865, to Dec. 1, 1869. The memorial will be placed by the members of the class of 1868, who were under instruction at the academy throughout the entire administration of Admiral Porter, whom they cherish a strong affection. Another memorial of importance which will occupy one of the large windows will be that to Admiral William T. Sampson.

for

The Supreme Court of Kansas has decided that the city of Wichita, by its board of education, in the absence of statutory authority, has no right to exclude a child, by reason of its color, from any of its public schools.

The action was brought in the Wichita District Court by Mrs. Sallie Rowles on a writ of mandamus to compel the school board of the city of Wichita to admit her daughter, Fannie, to the Emerson School. In 1889 Wichita passed an ordinance providing separate schools for Negro children. The District Court refused the mandamus action by Mrs. Rowles. She appealed to the Supreme Court. The Court reversed the Sedgwick court ruling on this ground.

"It is certain that the city of Wichita is not authorized to maintain any grade of its public schools for the separate edu

cation of its white and Negro children. The history of the legislation on this subject, from 1868 to 1905, amounts to almost a legislative declaration that, in the absence of an express grant thereof, no city or school district has any authority to discriminate against any child or to deny it admission to any public school thereof on account of its color."

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An action taken by the board of trustees of the Iowa State college ends one of the time honored and student loved customs of the college. Never since the school began its existence in 1863 has there been a time when there has not been some sort of dormitories for both boys and girls, but the action of the board in condemning the east cottage and granting the west cottage to the sanitary department for use as a hospital ends substantially the dormitory life of the male students at Iowa State college. Margaret hall, where the young women room and live together, will still be used for that purpose, and in the near future additions will be built to that building to accommodate the ever increasing volume of girls, but the boys have had their last revel in college dormitories.

*

Prince Victor Marayah, of India, India, whose father rules one of the provinces of the Indian Empire, has announced his intention of entering the Cornell College of Agriculture next fall. His father was impressed by the stories of Cornell which other Indian students there have spread about India, and thought a course there would do him good. The prince, who is an athlete, is to try for a place on the Cornell football team.

* * *

The Wyandotte Chautauqua Association's camp at Fairmount Park, Kansas Citv, is to be built in the form of a turtle when it is finally completed. The tents will be erected so as to outline the shape of the turtle, and in the middle, at the top of the turtle's back, will be the camp fire. This method of pitching camp is according to the old Wyandotte Indian tradition. According to the folk lore of the Wyandottes, the continent of North

America is built on the back of a gigantic turtle, and the turtle is one of their gods.

The American Missionary Association, New York, has devoted the last two numbers of its monthly magazine to accounts of the industrial work which is in progress in its schools in the South, for the colored people, which range from the common school in city and county to the university. It claims to have been the pioneer in industrial education for the colored people, beginning in Talladega College, Ala., and including now Fisk University, Nashville, Tenn., which more than any other of its higher institutions, has been devoted to the higher education. The A. M. A. has had a definite plan for promoting this department, alike in its secondary schools, in its normal schools, and in its colleges and universities, and when Hampton Institute, Atlanta University and Berea College assumed independence of its aid, they shared its sympathies and methods in providing industrial education. Fisk university university has reintroduced technical training. It has a new building, Chase Hall, devoted to applied science, four new members of the faculty, and new departments of agriculture, domestic economy, mechanic arts, applied chemistry and physics.

* * *

President Boyd of the Louisiana State University, in a bulletin recently issued, announces the curriculum of the School of Agriculture that has been organized by the university and will begin its first session on the third Wednesday in September. A two-year course of instructian has been outlined, which it is believed, will be of great benefit to the young men of the State who expect to engage in agriculture.

In making the announcement Dr. Boyd explains that many young men interested in agriculture do not care to spend four years in taking the university. course in agriculture, while others are not far enough advanced to meet the requirements for entrance to the college course. To meet these conditions the new school has been organized "for the

purpose of giving practical education to young men who are unable to pursue the full college course in agriculture." The curriculum appears to be entirely practical and calculated to advance the science of farming within the State. Tuition is free to citizens of Louisiana, and the annual expenses of the student for board, lodging, textbooks, etc., will be

small.

The agricultural courses at the university, the work of the agricultural experiment stations and other facilities afforded by the institution have done much to improve farming methods in the State. The "scientific farmer" is no longer an object of pity or mild derision. The prejudice which formerly existed against him is rapidly disappearing and the new school, which is designed as a further auxiliary to successful farming in Louisiana, will doubtless prove its usefulness and win the hearty appreciation of the agricultural classes.

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The North Adams (Mass.) Young Men's Christian Association will establish a technical school in textile work, with the cooperation of local manufacturers. Hand looms will be used, and there will be evening classes in the manufacture of cotton, woolen, worsted and silk yarns.

Because Charles Stoner of Stark County, Ill., was injured by hazers his father has begun suit for $30,000 damages against William Pilgrim, William Real, Earl Lattin, Earl Hull, William Harwood and J. W. Starkey. It is said that Pilgrim and Starkey cannot be found. Young Stoner is in a serious condition from his injuries and may be a cripple for life. He was a student in the Bradford High School and was a leader in his class, but his studious disposition and quiet, reserved manner, irritated the young men of the vicinity and they planned to haze him. Stoner was bound and gagged and carried to the cemetery, where he was lashed to a tombstone. He struggled to escape, when one of his tormentors drew a revolver and threatened to shoot him. Then the

tombstone fell over on the boy and injured him severely.

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The senate of New York University has announced that the courses in the law school, on Washington square, will be increased from two years to three years for morning, afternoon and evening sessions, beginning in 1909. university has been offering its students the option of spending two years in the school and one year in a law office, or of taking a three-year course.

Under the new plan, however, thirty hours of lectures are to be required for the degree of LL.B., and the full three years' course will be the recognized term for prospective lawyers. An exception will be made in the case of students especially equipped by reason of preliminary education or maturity of age. The new regulation applies to those entering in the fall of 1909 and thereafter.

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Some years ago the selectmen of the town of Hanover, N. H., decided, in their wisdom, to collect a poll-tax from every Dartmouth student of legal age, says the Boston Herald. The boys said nothing to this, but quietly decided that if they paid taxes they would also vote. So they turned out in full force at the annual meeting. Having strength enough to secure control, in less than five minutes they had elected students to the positions of moderator and clerk. Thirty minutes from the time the meeting was called to order, the town of Hanover had gone on record as having voted to build a school house 500 feet long, ten feet high and two feet wide, and to build a plank walk from Reed Hall, in Hanover, to Lebanon, in which town was a female seminary. Suffice it to say the tax collector did not trouble Dartmouth students for many years after that.

Statistics compiled for publication by the city civil service commission show that a large percentage of the college bred men and women fail to pass the ordinary examinations at the city hall, says the Chicago Inter Ocean.