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Then, at the judgment, thou shalt reign
Triumphant with the just;

A crown of glory shalt obtain,
To bless thee for thy trust.

Tho' earthly friends may now forsake,
My son, forbear to mourn;
Their vacant places I will take,
Nor shalt thou be forlorn.

Then let all care on me be cast,
I never can deceive;

I will be faithful to the last,
Try, sinner, and believe."

TEMPERANCE SOCIETIES IN THE ARMY.

C. M. C.

WE rejoice to find that endeavours to check the practice of drinking to excess are set on foot in the army, and encouraged by such high authority. We have great satisfaction in giving the following extracts.

Grenadier Guards. Regimental Orders.-The commanding officer thinks it right to inform the soldiers of the Grenadier Guards, that his Grace the Duke of Wellington has inquired whether any temperance societies exist among them; and his Grace has expressed his opinion of the great advantage which might result from the adoption of systematic measures to repress habits of intemperance, and to encourage sobriety. His Grace considers that nothing would be wanting in the character of the English soldier, if the prevalent habit of drinking to excess could be eradicated *.

There can be no doubt that a great deal of good may be effected by earnest and persevering efforts, on the part of all concerned; and the commanding officer thinks too well of the general good feeling and spirit of the regiment not to believe, when his Grace the Duke of Wellington takes so much interest in their welfare and character, that the men will themselves take pride in conforming to his Grace's views and wishes, and that many now addicted to excessive drinking, will seriously endeavour to break through a habit which constantly exposes them to the risk of committing some violent offence against discipline, and which must be visited with severe punishment.

On this account, the commanding officer especially advises the men to avoid drinking at the Canteen in the Barracks, &c.

Rooted out.

1834.]

TOM AND DICK.

33

The commanding officer will adopt such measures from time to time, as may appear likely to effect the object of checking intemperance, but he relies chiefly on the good sense of the men to restrain them from degrading themselves in character, and destroying their health by intoxication.

The men are particularly advised to refrain from drinking spirits.

They are also warned that those who become unfit for the service will receive little or no pension upon examination at Chelsea, if their disability shall be found to be caused by habits of drinking, &c.

*

DUTCH MANAGEMENT OF WALL TREES.

WILLOW, or hazel-rods, about as thick as a man's thumb, are peeled, and planted within a few inches of the foot of the wall, at the distance of eight inches from each other, and reaching to the top of the wall. Thin long laths of deal are laid across, and the rods are nailed to them, the lath being between the rods and the wall. A similar line of laths is placed along the foot of the willow-rods. A few loops of iron are nailed into the wall, to prevent this frame-work from shifting. Then the branches of the fruit-trees are bound to each upright rod, by a string of Russia bass matting. Nailing the trees to the wall with cloth shreds (as is now usual) consumes more time. The fruit-spur is kept close to the wall, and the fruit swelling equally all round, presses against the wall, and becomes "wall-burnt." The wall is injured by the nails, and when they are removed, the holes they leave afford shelter to the nest and eggs of insects.-See an extract from the Annual Register for 1830, in the Horticultural Register for August, 1833, p. 350.

TOM AND DICK.

THOMAS JENKINSON was a poor day-labourer, with five children. Now, though Tom was necessarily very badly off, he was much more so than he need have been. He drank. Now do not misunderstand me, he was not a confirmed drunkard; but he would call every evening at the

* Unfitness.

King's Head public-house, for a little talk, and sixpennyworth of beer, sometimes more. This made a great hole in his wages; and it was no wonder that Tom's wife and children were in rags. The object of Tom's envy, was a respectable cottager, in easy circumstances, whom he had known as a boy. They had both held the plough together, without a shilling in the world. Now what a difference there was! Tom was still a poor labouring man, with a ragged and half-starving family about him. Dick, with as many children, was comfortably situated in a small cottage of his own, with an acre of ground to it, kept some pigs, fowls, and a cow. Now, how came there this difference? Why, Dick never called at the alehouse. was the secret. The sixpence a day which was spent in beer by Tom, was saved by Dick; that was 3s. 6d. a week. This money had been so spent by Tom for about twenty years. Now, had this been placed in the savings'-bank, with the interest, and compound interest, it would have produced upwards of 4007. Dick had saved this. It bought him his cottage, his cow, his pigs, &c.; besides leaving him something over for a rainy day. Now, if all your cottage friends were to endeavour to save sixpence, or even less a week, they would find it a most comfortable supply for sickness and old age. A. Q. R.

SHAPE OF THE EARTH ILLUSTRATED.

There

WE have before likened the inequalities on the earth's surface, arising from mountains, valleys, buildings, &c. to the roughness on the rind of an orange, compared with its general mass. The comparison is quite free from exaggeration. The highest mountain known does not exceed five miles in perpendicular elevation: this is only one-1600th part of the earth's diameter; consequently, on a globe of sixteen inches in diameter, such a mountain would be represented by a protuberance of not more than one hundredth part of an inch, which is about the thickness of ordinary drawing paper. Now as there is no entire continent, or even any very extensive tract of land known, whose general elevation above the sea is any thing like half this quantity, it follows, that if we would construct a correct model of our earth, with its seas, mountains, and

1834.]

SELECTIONS FROM Different AUTHORS.

35

continents, on a globe sixteen inches in diameter, the whole of the land, with the exception of a few prominent points and ridges, must be comprised on it within the thickness of thin writing paper; and the highest hill would be represented by the smallest visible grains of sand.-Sir J. Herschel on Astronomy. Cabinet Cyclopædia.

EFFECTS OF INDUSTRY.

EDWARD RICHARDS, aged sixty-eight, the father of six children, the son of a poor man, and the youngest of eleven children, has resided in Cirencester parish fiftytwo years, and, during the early part of his life, was a common labourer. About thirty-five years ago he agreed with a farmer to clear out and improve an acre of rough quarry land, on condition of having it three years rentfree, and then give it up to the owner. On this unpro

mising spot, he and his wife expended their surplus labour to such advantage, that during these three years he cleared 407. He then purchased two acres of then poor land, for which he gave 801. These two acres are now, and have long been, in a highly productive state. Soon after he entered on the cultivation of this land, he raised in one year seven quarters of wheat from it; and he has refused one hundred guineas for it. He has now been lord of this little manor for 32 years. By the kind offices of a worthy medical gentleman, who had attended him when unwell, he obtained from Earl Bathurst seventy-five perches of poor, waste, unproductive land, subject to be overflowed with water, at a quit-rent of 10s. per annum. This spot he has possessed about thirty years, and has brought it to a state of value and productiveness that must be seen to be rightly appreciated. For the last ten years this laborious and industrious man has rented five or six acres of land, besides the two plots already referred to; and during that period has kept two, and sometimes three cows, as also sheep, pigs, &c. He has been long a rate-payer, but never a rate-receiver. By honest industry, sobriety, and good conduct, he is a man of substance, an independent Englishman, respectable and respected.-Labourers' Friend Society's Magazine.

strikes us

EXTRACTS FROM THE PUBLIC NEWSPAPERS, &c. MILCH COWS.-An American farmer, in the course of a long article on the treatment of cows, mentions the following circumstance: as being worthy of the consideration of farmers and those who keep cows.-"Good water is as essential to good milch yielding, as good pasture. We had a cow last summer that yielded five gallons of rich milk a day. She ran in a tolerable pasture, but there was a stream of pure spring water running through it. We also kept salt continually within her reach. The same cow, this summer, in a much better pasture, does not yield three galons of milk. The reason of this falling off is, that she is supplied with water from a pump, occasionally, when her attendants conceive she wants it -not when she thinks she wants it, which is the great point. She also gets salt as it happens."

ADVICE TO ALL RANKS.-Live on what you have-live, if you can, on less ;-do not borrow, either for vanity or pleasure—the vanity will end in shame, and the pleasure in regret.

There was a village in Somersetshire which escaped the cholera, whilst the surrounding villages were attacked by it, and the only way they could account for it, was that two or three months previous to this disease making its appearance in that neighbourhood, this village had adopted the Cottage System, and the poor, in order to procure manure for their land, had cleaned out all the drains and sink holes in the place.-Correspondent of Salisbury Herald.

RESTITUTION.-About three years ago, a youth in the employ of a linendraper of Yarmouth, Norfolk, was sentenced to transportation for robbing his master. There being favourable circumstances in his case, interest was made, and the punishment was commuted to five years in the Penitentiary. There his conduct was so good that he was sent home at the expiration of three years. He arrived in Yarmouth on Saturday week, and almost immediately waited on his former master, and having in a sincere spirit of penitence implored forgiveness for his dishonesty and ingratitude to so good a master, he said, "Sir, I have taken care of the money that I took away, your property, and which I now return." The gentleman was surprised at the announcement; but seeing him direct his land to the portable treasury, began to expect a few pounds. How great was his astonishment, then, when the lad handed him no less a sum than 1627. 16s. 6d. The gentleman, overcome by this nobleness of conduct, was for some time unable to speak. He at length urged him to accept a few pounds, but the lad positively refused; he at last with difficulty prevailed on him to take the 21. 16s.6d.—Country paper

FECUNDITY OF THE EARTH.-So completely is the ground impregnated with seeds, that if earth is brought to the surface, from the lowest depth at which it is found, some vegetable matter will spring from it. In boring for water lately, at a spot near Kingston-upon-Thames, some earth was brought up from a depth of 360 feet; this earth was carefully covered over with a hand-glass to prevent the possibility of other seeds being deposited upon it, yet in a short time plants vegetated from it.-Jesse's Gleanings.

At Lord Churchhill's late Michaelmas rent-day for the cottage allotments of land to the poor of West Lavington, it is truly gratifying to find that every one of the tenants, amounting to 136 in number, paid their rents on that day. There was not a single defaulter, and upwards of forty applications were made to the agent for more land.- Devizes Gazette.

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.

We have received the communications of E.; M. H. F.; A transcriber: D. I. E.; A. L. R.; A. Q. R. ; S.; C.; B. O. H.; C. M. C.; C. W.; Another E; and F.

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