Solution. Weight of 1 vol. H = I CI = 35'5 H and Cl unite in equal vols., without condensation, to form HCl, 3. Describe the action of sulphur on the alkaline carbonates at a high temperature, and the deportment of the resulting product under the influence of atmospheric air and acids. 6 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. [Three hours allowed for this Paper.] 1. What is soap? SECTION I. 2. How is acetic acid converted into acetic anhydride? 3. The analysis of a basic compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen, furnished the following results: 0.250 grammes of substance gave on combustion 0.632 0°337 carbonic acid (CO2) water. The base forms, with hydrochloric acid and bichloride of platinum, a crystalline platinum salt: 0'500 grammes of double salt left on ignition platinum. What is the percentage composition of the base, aud what is its formula? Give such numerical details as will show the method of calculation. Equivalents to be used 3. To find the N. .250 (17237 +03744)=2502098104019 Dividing each of these numbers by the eqs. of C, H, and N, respectively-- Empirical formula = 'C,H,,N. Again, in platinum salts 1 eq. Pt. is combined. By proportion it is easy to find the weight of the salt which contains 1 eq. of Pt. Now the platinum salts of bases of the ammonia type (of which this is one) possess the general composition X HCI, PtCl,, where X stands for the base. To obtain the equivalent therefore of X, we must deduct from the eq. of the Pt. salt (2937) 1 eq. Pt., 3 eqs. Cl, and 1 eq. H. Or, omitting fractional parts (owing to experimental inaccuracies), eq. of base = 87. This number coincides with the formula given above, C,H,N1, for— 13 Therefore CHN is the true formula of the base, which CH = may be represented, H N Amylamine. H SECTION II. 1. How is benzoic ether prepared? 2. Describe the method of determining carbon and hydrogen in an organic compound. 3. Describe the action of metallic zinc upon iodide of ethyl, and the products which are formed in the reaction. SECTION III. 1. Describe the composition and the preparation of acetone. 2. State the preparation, the composition, and the three principal transformations of oil of bitter almonds. 3. Given all the inorganic reagents of the laboratory and of organic substances, moreover, benzoic acid CHO2, and succinic acid C.HO1, how is the sub stance C.H.IN CHO prepared? Express the several reactions in equations. 252 EXAMINATION PAPERS, NOVEMBER 1862. SECTION IV. 1. What does the term substitution mean in chemistry? Give some examples of substitutions. 2. How is alcohol converted into glycocol? 3. Describe the succession of processes by which olefiant gas is transformed into lactic acid. PRACTICAL EXAMINATION IN ANALYSIS. 1. Qualitative analysis of a mixture consisting of two 3. Qualitative analysis of more complex mixtures. State the method of examination in detail, and tabulate the result of the analysis at the bottom of the page. |