be found several examples and illustrations of the best constructions, from those with two to others with thirty-six pairs of stones, including all the necessary machinery for cleansing, grinding, dressing, &c. A description is also given of the floating-mill erected for the Government during the late Crimean war, with numerous details of elevators, Archimedean screw, creepers, &c. calculated to make the mills self-acting.

CHAPTERS III. IV. V. and VI. which are descriptive of mills for the manufacture of the textile fabrics, as comprised in cotton, woollen, flax, and silk mills, are directed more to the process of manufacture and less to details than those

on corn. They contain, however, illustrations and examples of each kind of manufacture taken from mills of the Author's construction, showing the arrangement, but not describing the machinery, as machine making for the separate purposes of manufacture is now a distinct trade, and does not therefore enter into that of the millwright. In place of the latter, will be found a description of the different processes as they exist in each kind of manufacture, while separate chapters are devoted to oil, paper, and powder mills.

The FIRST VOLUME, on the Principles of Mechanism and on Prime Movers, with 8 Plates and 176 Woodcuts, may still be had, price 16s. Also the work complete in 2 vols. 8vo. with 18 Plates and 322 Wood Engravings, price 32s. cloth.

an

A Nautical Dictionary, defining the Technical Language relative to the Building and Equipment of Sailing Vessels and Steamers, Seamanship, Navigation, Nautical Astronomy, Naval Gunnery, Maritime Laws and Commerce, General and Particular Average and Marine Insurance, and other Terms relating to Maritime Affairs: With APPENDIX containing the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, and a VOCABULARY of French Terms. By ARTHUR YOUNG; assisted in the Nautical Department by JAMES BRISBANE. Second Edition; pp. 504, with 5 Plates and upwards of 150 Woodcuts. 8vo. price 18s. cloth. [November 2, 1863. IN this country, with the exception of the present

Ν

work, the first edition of which has been for a number of years out of print, there is no modern dictionary of maritime terms. The latest work of the kind is Dr. BURNEY'S edition of FALCONER'S Dictionary of the Marine, published at a time when the learned editor thought that steamvessels, which had been 'invented and introduced

by a native of Scotland,' and successfully navigated on some of the American rivers at six knots an hour, might be of use in our navigable rivers and canals, and on the Scotch and Irish lakes,' and that, even in a military point of view, advantage might be obtained from this invention.' Now the ocean in every quarter of the globe is traversed by merchant steamers, and almost every ship of war is provided with steam machinery as a moving power. The recent progress of improvement in the building and equipment of ships, and many other causes, have likewise wrought material and most extensive change in the language of seafaring men.

This Dictionary has been framed chiefly for the compiler's own use in performing the duties of a practical and consulting average adjuster. In the first edition, published 1846, the nautical language was therefore defined with especial reference to merchant shipping. The present edition has been rendered more extensively applicable to ships of war, numerous additional terms introduced, and obsolete words defined. The legislative enactments and legal decisions in regard to shipping and marine insurance are not treated of, though necessary effect has been sought to be given to them, as well as to the usages of merchants, shipowners, and underwriters, in defining the relative terms. Every effort also has been made to adapt the book to the present condition of nautical science and progress. It is confined mainly to the purpose of definition, but some interesting and useful general information will be found scattered through its pages. In matters relating to shipbuilding and seamanship the compiler received the assistance of a thoroughly experienced shipwright and seaman, several years in command of coasting steamers, and afterwards accustomed to prepare specifications of repairs to sailing-vessels and steamships, and who latterly became surveyor for the New York Board of Underwriters and for the American Lloyd's in the port of Liverpool.

In defining the language of seamen it is often most convenient and clear, if indeed not absolutely necessary, to make use of technical expressions. To simplify the definitions, therefore, and to impart a greater interest to the general reader, they are now, to a large extent, illustrated by woodcuts, chiefly from sketches by an eminent artist. The screw-propeller, in several of its lead.. ing varieties of form, the Armstrong gun, some of the Admiralty models of ships of war, and various nautical inventions, are likewise similarly illustrated; and at the end of the book there are engraved plates of a steam-ship, with the sidelever condensing engine formerly in general use for marine purposes, and not yet wholly superseded, and of several kinds of mercha

vessels, along with sectional sketches of their frame.

The introduction of French words in the Dictionary, and of a French Vocabulary, by way of supplement, is intended to give, to a certain extent, a more accurate groundwork for the study of the French nautical language than the ordinary French and English dictionaries afford.

The international regulations for preventing collisions at sea, issued simultaneously by the authorities in England and France, and which constitute a comparative example of the use of the French and English languages on an important nautical subject, are added as an Appendix.

A Treatise on Conic Sections: containing an Account of some of the most important Modern Algebraic and Geometric Methods. By GEORGE SALMON, D.D. Fellow and Tutor of Trinity College, Dublin. Fourth Edition, thoroughly revised. 8vo. pp. 378, price 12s. cloth. [October 28, 1863.

THIS

HIS new edition has been carefully revised, and in great part re-written; alterations having been made in some places for the sake of brevity, in others for the sake of greater clearness, in others in order to bring the methods more closely up to the present state of geometrical science. Several new examples have been added; as well as a new chapter on the applications of the modern algebra to the theory of conic sections. Greater prominence has been given to the principle of duality; and it has been attempted to show that without the introduction of any new system of co-ordinates, the reciprocity between theorems concerning lines, and theorems concerning points, can be sufficiently manifested.

Wine, the Vine, and the Cellar. By THOMAS GEORGE SHAW. Dedicated by permission to the Right Hon. the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER. Pp. 522; with 28 Illustrations engraved on Wood. 8vo. price 16s. cloth. [November 6, 1863.

THIS IIS is an entirely original work in twentyfour chapters, from the pen of a gentleman of extensive knowledge, on all matters relating to Wine and the Wine Trade.

It contains practical information which it is believed will be of use to the Wine Merchant and the consumer, accompanied by such authentic particulars as are likely to interest readers in general; especially those who desire to learn all that can be known of Wine and its treatment -how it gets into this country, and how it ought

to get into the cellar and be best preserved there for use.

The first chapter is introductory, and contains several reminiscences of the Author's forty years' experience in the Docks, the Wine Trade, and Wine-growing Countries, interspersed wth hints on taking up the Wine Trade as a business— remarks on the proper management of Wines, and the ignorance existing on this head-its alleged adulterations, and the manufacture of South African and Elbe Sherry, Ebro Port, and other novelties. The constituents of good Wine are described, followed by anecdotes of drinking customs, and of the prevalence of drunkenness fifty or sixty years ago, derived from books and personal recollections. The Author then enforces his views in reference to the beneficial effects of cheap Wine as an ordinary beverage; and also in regard to its probable influence on the revenue, consequent on the reduction of duties in accordance with the recommendation of the Wine Committee of 1852.

The next chapter, on Port, includes remarks on the baneful results of the Alto Douro monopoly and the Methuen Treaty; gives reminiscences of the horse-shoe round the fire, and of the consumption of good Port in past times by the manufacturers in the North; contrasts former and present prices; and, after touching on other particulars in relation to Port, ends with practical remarks on racking and fining, and Mr. Gassiot's description of an Oporto Lodge.

In the Sherry chapter an account is given of Bodega tasting and colouring-of how Sherry is made, and the use of the Doctor, with many other particulars; besides remarks on the increasing consumption and price of this Wine, attended by a deterioration in the quality. Reference is also made to the Sherris-Sack' of old times, frequently mentioned in SHAKSPEARE's plays.

The chapter on Claret comprises descriptions of Château-Margaux, Château-Lafitte, and other fine growths, with a comparison of prices. An enquiry as to whether the Médoc country was a barren waste formerly, is followed by a communication on the trade between England and Bordeaux in early times, from the eminent antiquary, Professor MICHEL. Some results of testing are added.

Under the head of Champagne, sketches are given of the splendid establishments at Reims, Epernay, &c. of Madame MATER-FILIAE, and other growers; and the processes of blending and fining the wines, of disgorging, liqueuring, and other manipulations, are described. Some new and original facts are added in this branch of the subject.

The Burgundy chapter gives an account of the vineyards and tastings of Chablis, Beaujolais,

Hermitage, and other Wines in that district; followed by chapters on the rise and fall of Masdeu, and the Wine depôt and counting-houses at Bercy and Paris.

Another chapter is devoted to the Rheingau, to Rüdesheim, Johannisberg, &c. and to the Wines of the Moselle. The next is on Marsala, with remarks on the similarity of the soil of the district to that of Xerez, and other practical topics.

The principal Wine districts having thus been gone through, the remaining chapters treat of the Wines of Lisbon and the south-east of Spain; of Italy, Greece, Hungary, and the Crimea; of Madeira and Teneriffe; of the Cape, with remarks on the unfair indulgence granted to its Wines under former legislation; of Australia, America (including California), and Peru.

The next chapter contains practical advice on

by Mrs. LOUDON; some additions were made to the SUPPLEMENT from his materials left in MS. and the copious GLOSSARIAL INDEX was rewritten on a simplified plan. The volume as thus improved is now reprinted without alteration or abridgment; and the price is reduced by onethird, viz. from three to two guineas.

Introduction to Anthropology. By Dr. THEODOR WAITZ, Professor of Philosophy in the University of Marburg. Edited from the FIRST VOLUME of Anthropologie der Naturvölker by J. FREDERICK COLLINGWOOD, F.R.S.L. F.G.S. Honorary Secretary of the Anthropological Society of London. 8vo. pp. 420, price 16s. cloth. [November 7, 1863.

And

and on the proper treatment of Wines, in respect of bins, decanting, fining, and bottling; with descriptions of some useful apparatus. another chapter, on the cause and prevalence of gout, concludes the principal division of the book.

To this are added ALPHABETICAL LISTS of every known WINE, giving the place of production, with the character and colour of each variety.

LOUDON'S Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture, containing numerous Designs for Dwellings, from the Villa to the Cottage and the Farm; including Farm Houses, Farmeries, and other Agricultural Buildings; Country Inns, Public Houses, and Parochial Schools, with the requisite Fittings, Fixtures, and Furniture; and appropriate Offices, Gardens, and Garden Scenery: each Design accompanied by Analytical and Critical Remarks. Cheaper Edition; pp. 1,342, with 2,342 Wood Engravings. 1 vol. 8vo, price 428. cloth.

THIS

[September 17, 1863.

HIS well-known work, originally published in 1833, has continued ever since in general demand and use as the most complete repertory of practical information upon the extensive range of subjects included in its plan, and specified as above quoted in the title-page. It cannot be doubted that the objects of the work, namely, to improve the dwellings of the great mass of society in the temperate regions of both hemispheres, and subordinately to create and diffuse a taste for architectural comforts and beauties, have been attained in an eminent degree.

The first edition printed subsequently to the Author's death was carefully revised for the press

Peoples' is a work already extending to three volumes; the first being introductory and general; the second relating to the African races; and the third to the American races. The present volume was selected by the Anthropological Society for translation, as comprising the best general summary extant of the nature and scope of Anthropological studies, and the method of their investigation. It consists of two parts, viz. the physical and the psychical; and opens with a general introduction to the whole subject, comprising the definition and present position of the science, a sketch of the doctrine of the unity of mankind, and the natural state of man.

The physical investigation is divided into five sections, and treats of the following subjectsI. On the mode and magnitude of the physical changes to which man is subject.

II. The chief anatomical and physiological differences which distinguish the various races;

and on the asserted inviability of the Americans, Polynesians, and Australians. III. The results of intermixture of different types, and the peculiarities of the mongrels. IV. Review of the principal theories regarding the unity of mankind.

V. On the classification of mankind-anatomical view-linguistic view-historical view. The psychological investigation contains three sections, namely

I. The specific characters of man. II. The primitive state of man. III. On the various degrees of civilisation, and the chief conditions of its development; with observations on the leading religions of the world, and their influence on mankind. This volume, although only a part, and perhaps a small part as may hereafter appear, of the work, is in itself complete, treating of Anthropology in the most general sense. Many subjects are fully

discussed; many others are only pointed out, and the proper method of their investigation indicated. The conflicting evidence contained herein is such as to leave every question under discussion in a state of suspense; but the Author, who leans to the doctrine of the unity of mankind, has so moulded his work rather to incite others to further research than to form a manual of a definite science.

The number of references to authorities is very great, and has been augmented by the Author especially for this edition. Believing it might make it still more useful as a book of reference, the Editor has here removed them from the text

to the foot of the page. He has also supplied a full INDEX in addition to an extended table of contents.

Manual of the Metalloids. By JAMES APJOHN, M.D. F.R.S. M.R.I.A. Professor of Chemistry in the University of Dublin. Pp. 604; with 38 Woodcuts. Fcp. 8vo. price 7s. 6d. cloth. Being the Third of the New Series of Manuals of the Experimental and Natural Sciences, edited by the Rev. J. A. GALBRAITH, M.A. and the Rev. S. HAUGHTON, M.D. Fellows of Trinity College, and Professors in the University of Dublin. [Nov. 20, 1863. IT is the opinion of many competent judges, that Chemistry in its present advanced condition admits of being successfully taught on the plan adopted for the more exact branches of Experimental Physics, and that a knowledge of the subject would be more readily acquired by often substituting for vague verbal explanations, not only chemical but algebraical symbols. Sharing in

this opinion, the Author of this treatise has in numerous places called in the aid of the simpler forms of mathematical reasoning, and, judging by his own experience as a teacher, he entertains no doubt that, instead of rendering the science more difficult, he has materially facilitated the acquisition of a knowledge of it by his pupils.

As respects the plan of the work, a few explanatory remarks will suffice. In a preliminary chapter entitled an Introduction, the laws of combination are laid down, and applied to the construction of a table of equivalent numbers. The Atomic theory is here brought under discussion, and the hypotheses pointed out through which equivalent numbers may also be viewed as atomic weights. Chemical symbols and notation are next explained, after which the important subject of atomic volume is taken up, the discussion of which conducts to a brief exposition of the unitary system of Gerhardt, and of the hypothetic bases on which it would seem to rest. A succinct account is next given of the doctrine of Isomeric and Isomorphous bodies, and of the method by which the formula of a compound may be deduced from the results of its analysis. Lastly, attention is directed to Elective Aflinity, in connexion with which important subject the celebrated views of Berthollet are considered and explained.

The elements which constitute the Metalloid group are now taken up in succession, beginning with oxygen; and here the descriptive portion of the volume commences. Throughout this the method adopted is to begin with an account of the processes by which each element may be insulated, and then give in detail its leading properties and reactions, together with the economic and other applications of which it may be susceptible. The compounds formed by each element with those which precede it, are next examined; and, while we are engaged with these, numerous important discussions arise. To many of these a considerable development is given in consequence of their being judged interesting to such as are engaged in some branch of manufacture, or in the study of medicine, or engineering.

In giving the Chemistry of the Metalloids some of their compounds with the metals are occasionally introduced. This is, no doubt, a deviation from strict method, but one which could scarcely be avoided. It is justified by the fact that, with the aid of such compounds, information of great value admits of being conveyed to the student. Through them he becomes acquainted with qualitative and quantitative tests, and, more especially, with those accurate and ready methods of volumetric analysis at present so much employed, by which (to adduce only a few examples) he can determine in a few minutes the strength of acid and alkaline bodies, the amount of iron present in

a solution, the value of commercial pyrolusite, and the percentage of active chlorine in any given specimen of a bleaching compound.

This volume on the Metalloids closes with an account of the analysis of gases by endiometric combustion. In the body of the work this method is several times employed; but it is more fully developed, and given in a more general form in the Appendix. Its explanation will, it is hoped, be found to include a fairly complete summary of the modern improvements by Bunsen in this department of science.

In the same Series, New and revised Editions. 1. GREENE'S Manual of Protozoa, 28. 2. GREENE'S Manual of Cœlenterata, 5s.

The Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases of Women, including the Diagnosis of Pregnancy. Founded on a Course of Lectures delivered at St. Mary's Hospital Medical School. By GRAILY HEWITT, M.D. Lond. M.R.C.P. Physician to the British Lying-in Hospital; Lecturer on Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children at St. Mary's Hospital Medical School; Honorary Secretary to the Obstetrical Society of London. 8vo. pp. 652, price 16s. cloth. [October 14, 1863.

THE

HE present work, founded on a course of Lectures delivered by the Author at St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, is intended to form an introduction to the study of the diseases

peculiar to women. The first and principal part is devoted to the elucidation of the diagnosis of these diseases, including the diagnosis of pregnancy; in the second part of the work the treatment of these diseases is considered.

The primary object of the work is to afford increased facilities for diagnosis; it being considered that in the study of a class of diseases of so great frequency and importance, a knowledge of the method of forming a diagnosis is the first essential. The subject of the diagnosis of pregnancy has been fully considered side by side with that of the disorders or conditions capable of simulating it.

In regard to the mode in which the subject is considered, the first part of the work-that treating of Diagnosis-differs from most other systematic treatises on the diseases of women, symptoms, not pathology, having been made the basis of the arrangement. This is the method of investigation actually followed at the bedside. Here it is the symptom, the sign, with which we have to deal; and we must know how to give to each of these signs its proper signification. Every practitioner who has acquired facility in diagnosis possesses,

in his own mind, a sort of dictionary, to which he, from time to time, refers, in order to ascertain what diagnostic value a particular sign possesses when present under such and such circumstances. To the student, however, the disease or morbid condition presented by the patient speaks in an unknown language one which must be learnt before a diagnosis can be arrived at; and thus it becomes an object of primary importance to the investigator of disease, that means should be available by which the value of symptoms and signs, as diagnostic of certain affections, may be duly estimated. The present work will, it is believed, offer facilities for the kind of valuation required, while it will further assist the observer in putting the question fairly: all the possible causes of certain symptoms being set forth, it is less likely that important disorders will altogether escape attention.

The subject of the pathology of the diseases peculiar to women has received a considerable amount of attention in the present work. The opinions expressed by the Author on debated questions have been arrived at after an impartial consideration of the facts and arguments put forward by various eminent authorities, corrected by actual observation of cases which have occurred in his own practice.

The second division of the work contains a concise account of the Treatment of the diseases

of women. The great interest attaching, at the present moment, to the mode of treatment of certain diseases of the ovaries, has necessitated a rather lengthened discussion of this subject.

On Australasian Climates and their Influence in the Prevention and Arrest of Pulmonary Consumption. By S. DOUGAN BIRD, M.D. L.R.C.P.L. Physician to the Benevolent Asylum, Melbourne, and also to the Immigrants' Aid Society; late Staff-Surgeon in the Crimea; and formerly Resident Physician's-Assistant at the Hospital for Consumption, Brompton. Pp. 168; with 2 Illustrations in Chromolithography and 2 on Wood. 8vo. 78. 6d. cloth. [Oct. 30, 1863. that change of climate, as a remedial agent HE Author's object in this work is to show in the treatment of Consumption, must be complete if permanent benefit is to be expected from it. He describes the nature of tuberculous and scrofulous disease, and deduces from it and from the results of general experience the principles upon which this treatment should be applied. He shows that the European climates, to which patients are usually sent, especially during winter, have but a palliative influence upon the progress