made of men in political and business life at all times. Although there is less of intrigue today, and men meet each other in business and politics more openly and fair- We see men of unquestioned ability ly than in the olden time, it s still nec- raised to high places, and we see them essary for men of affairs to be acquaint- fall away because of some fault of dised with the foibles of human nature, position. They may lose friends by that they may know the kind of man being distrustful; they may be too timto be trusted in certain enterprises. id to come to a decision at the proper There are, for example, some fair- time, or be too imperious to prudently weather sailors, men of capacity and submit for a time their judgment to ability, who get along very well as the will of their party. Whatever their long as they prosper in their designs, faults may be, these faults work more but who lack resolution and decision against, than their virtues for, those in an emergency. There are others in high station, because a man in pubwhom fear drives into a panic. Op- lic life is the object of keen criticism posed to them in character are the which usually accepts virtue as a matmorally brave, sobered and made ter of course and only seeks out decautious in the presence of great dan- fects. To a less considerable degree, ger, but to reckless to be trusted except because less publicly, men in all stain great events. Scarcely any man tions of life are subjects of criticism as can be found who has all the qualities to their faults and are liable to be hinthat it is desirable to have. If he is dered in their advancement by defects bold he may become reckless, if he is of character. cautious he may be cowardly, and so each good quality may be offset by bad. It is this that makes it so extremely difficult to choose military leaders until they have been tried in campaigns. Although one may not hope to reach perfection, it should be the object of every ambitious man to study himself, as well as other people, and try to rid himself of such impediments to a prosperous career as faults of natural disposition and bad habits are sure to become. He should enter into an honest self-examination, especially after a failure, and try to ascertain its cause. Has he missed promotion, knowing himself to be fitted for it, at least in the academic sense? Why did he miss it? Was it because his superiors thought him irresolute and rash, or lacking in quick judgment or incapable of controlling the servants under him? What was his fault, or apparent fault, that prevented promotion? That kind of inquiry pursued without vanity will very often reveal a defect that may be remedied with advantage. It is, at all events, useful to study humanity, the natural causes of the rise of one man and the fall of another, and especially one's own character and deficienciesBaltimore Sun. Apart from any differences in natural ability and military training, temperament has such a large share in determining the habits of man that it is almost impossible to try a General except by an actual campaign. The man who gives high promise of being a military chief of the greatest ability may develop some fatal fault of disposition. Examples of this kind were frequent during our Civil War, when nearly all the officers were put on trial in large operations for the first time. One was to cautious (though personally brave), another too impetuous and reckless, a third could sse only the thing before him and was without large ideas or broad plans, and so on thraugh a long list of faults combined with many virtues. Battles tried them all, and those who emerged from the fierce conflict with high reputations were the exceptions, not the rule. A precisely simi- Self-conceit has done as much to helf lar, though less obvious, test is being the devil as whiskey. LEGAL DEPARTMENT. MASTER AND SERVANT.-SCOPE OF DUTY.-NEGLIGENCE.-ENGINEER. 1. Held, that the question as to the negligence of an engineer who, without stopping his train, attempts to stop a leak in the tank, and while outside his cab is struck by a cattle guard fence, where there is evidence that it is the custom of engineers to act that way, is a question for the jury. same remedy for an injury produced by an act or omission of the corporation or its employes as are allowed by law to other persons not employes, where the injury results from the negligence of a fellow servant engaged in another department of labor, Held, that a fireman or an engineer, or an engineer and a telegraph operator are engaged in different departments of labor; and in a suit properly brought the plaintiff may recover damages for injury or death resulting from any negligent act of the latter. Illinois Cent. Ry. Co. v. Hunter et al Miss. S. C., Jan. 30, 1893. BOYCOTTING. 2. That the question whether or not a railroad company is negligent in constructing its cattle guard fences so near the track as to strike an engineer while UNION LABOR DECISIONS.-EXPARTE in the line of his duty on the outside of PROCEEDINGS.-INJUNCTION AGAINST his cab, without stopping his train to correct a defect in the machinery, is also for the jury; but the fact that all the company's cattle guard fences are constructed in the same way will not warrant the court in finding that the company was not negligent. 3. That the engineer was not, as matter of law, guilty of contributory negligence in failing to stop the train and then correct the defect, when it appears that he had no knowledge of the proximity of the fence to the track. In such case he did not assume the risk arising from this fact, as such risk arose from the non-performance of a duty which the law devolves on the master. 4. Neither can he be charged with contributory negligence in failing to stop the train before undertaking to correct the defect, when the evidence shows that he knew that another train was three-quarters of a mile behind him, and that he was expected to meet a train at the next station, six miles away. Judgment for $8,000. Affirmed. Murphy v. Wabash Ry. Co., Mo. D. C., March 13, 1893. DEATH BY WRONGFUL ACT.-FEL In an action brought upon a petition praying for an injunction against P. M. Arthur, chief executive of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, to restrain him from issuing or promulgating or continuing in force any rule or order of said brotherhood which will require any member thereof to refuse to handle or deliver any cars of freight in course of transportation from one State to another State, and so forth. Upon mature deliberation the court. Held, that the matters alleged in the petition came within the jurisdiction of said court, and by virtue of the Interstate Commerce Law, and by virtue of the provisions of that law alone, properly construed, the court may enjoin the Brotherhood from interfering with the rights of corporations, and when there is a wilful and unlawful invasion of a petitioner's right, the injury being a continuing one, a mandatory injunction may issue forthwith. Toledo, Ann Arbor & North Michigan R. R. Co. v. Arthur, U. S. C. C. N. D. Ohio. (Taft J.) NOTE: Another feature of the Ann Arbor trouble consisted of contempt of court and punishment therefor, decided by Ricks J., of the same court. Although commented on in the columns of the last issue, we desire to give the readers of the legal department a brief "gist" of the ruling in that case. Cer- ful and prosperous methods of this tain railway employes, engineers, fire- country. That, from the contracts and men, etc., were summoned or cited for schedules in evidence, and the facts contempt in refusing to haul boycotted therein contained, we are satisfied that cars. The court held that where em- such arrangements, under proper reployes were hired and paid so much strictions, are praiseworthy and beneper mile, or trip, after entering upon a ficial to both parties. We, therefore, trip they had no legal right to quit the shall not longer hesitate to direct the company's employ on the ground that receiver to enter into an appropriate boycotted cars were being placed in the contract or schedule of rates and regutrain. That they had a right to quit lations with the engineers. the company's employ before entering upon or upon the complation of a trip, in such case no contempt against the courts would lie. 3. That the contract, however, shall not be restricted to members of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers; that the contract will comprehend all engineers employed by the receiver, whether members or non-members of the brotherhood; but that membership in the order shall be no disqualification to serve on the road so long as the rules and regulations of the order are treated as subordinate to the law of the land. Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers v. Georgia Cent. Ry. Co. et al, U. S. C. C. Ga. (Speer, J.), April 7, 1893. INJURY TO EMPLOYE.-AUTHORITY OF CONDUCTOR TO EMPLOY AND BIND COMPANY FOR MEDICAL SERVICES. When an emergency arises, such as the occurrence of a railroad accident far from the general offices of the company, whereby an employe of a train is dangerously hurt and immediate action is required to protect and save life, it is the duty of the company to take steps The court, in passing upon the petition, Held, 1. That the power of the court, on proper occasions, may be rightfully exercised to protect the properties under its control from the damaging and unlawful results of a strike of the laborers and employes. Hence, it follows that it is the power to care for the injured person; and of the court, in the interest of public order, and for the protection of property under its control, to direct suitable arrangements with employes and officers to provide compensation and conditions of their employment, and to avoid, if possible, an interruption of their labor and duty, which will be disastrous to the business and injurious to the public. 2. That no reason exists why the receivership in this respect should be conducted in a manner different from the large preponderance of the success where the conductor is the highest officer of the company present, he is clothed with such powers as may be necessary to meet the exigencies of the occasion, and where such injured employe is helpless, unconscious, and in danger of death from the injury, and remote from relatives, and withcut means to pay for shelter and care, such conductor may bind the company for shelter, care and medical attention procured for the injured man. Railway Company v. Mylott. Ind. App. Ct. Jan. 23, 1893. A workingmen's congress is one of the fads that is advanced as a means of arranging for a better protection for themselves. They might prove of some benefit if they would cause workingmen to discover what asses they really are, as demonstrated on election days. Such affairs partake of an admittance that they are aliens in the land and thus get together to see how and what they will formulate into an appeal to the real citizens and rulers. A workingman (commonly understood as one who is paid wages in return for his labor) is still considered a citizen in the United States-just how long they will be, if they continue to use their citizenship in the future as they have in the past twenty-five years, is a problem—and have no right to demand any legislature for themselves that will not apply to all citizens. Then why not seek what they want as such, and not under a classifying title, as if the name would call out charitable deferance. What is the matter with the Peoples Party, and its declaration of what the people want. Can a workingman's congress get any nearer what is needed and what is right? However a congress may be a necessary kindergarten lesson by which to learn them that. to consider, still how much better it is than a wholesale laying off of men, who would have no pay check at all. Reductions in some form or other seems to be the rule generally throughout the country. Press reports state that the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry., have laid off about seven thousand men, while the B. & O. have placed the shop forces on half time. Organization has no immediate power to prevent such conditions, but organized forces can be directed if it goes to the root of the evil and starts right, so that the cause will be removed, and no such experience be again felt by men or their posterity. Make the principles land and it will be accomplished. If of the Knights of Labor the law of the you do not believe it study that platform section by section and if you can find where it will fail, point it out so that steps can be taken to correct it. A new assembly has been organized at Albina, Oregon and attached to D. A. 82, making two at that point. The new local starts off with good prospects. Another is about ready to be organized at another point in the district. Have you paid your subscription to to the MAGAZINE. If not, why not do so at once. The MAGAZINE is doing good work for all, but it takes money to keep it going. With this issue the MAGAZINE is seven and one-half years of age. At the first meeting in July a delegate to the district should be elected. The annual session will be held this year commencing on the first Monday tials will be forwarded all locals. in September. Proper blank creden The quarterly report due July 1, secretaries are requested to get in promptly. No assembly is entitled to the password until the report is received at The reduction in working time the past month, because of its consequent reduction in pay check, is not pleasent district headquarters. CORRESPONDENCE. NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS. Do not wait until the last moment to write up your monthly letter. Send it in at any time, the The first sooner after you read this the better. opportunity you have is the best time. Editor Magazine: SHOSHONE, June 20, 1893. The few weeks that have passed since my last letter, carried with them events or happenings of more or less importance to the toilers, according as we viewed them from a personal or indifferent standpoint. Mr. Hovey, the general foreman, has had direct, personal supervision of the work in the shop in the absence of the foreman. As a consequence, matters have progressed pleasantly and the work advanced without unreasonable delay. A week or two ago we held our election for school trustees. I speak of it because of its significance, showing, as it did, the influence which the hangers-on of the two old parties still exercise over the unthinking workingman. The “leading citizen” made it an occasion (together with some other disappointed politicians) for a personal fight against the hated shopmen who would not submit to the dictation of his royal nibs with the corpulent frame in matters political and social; but mainly the refusal on the part of some of us to part with our monthly pay checks in exchange for a full line of "clodings," second-hand and otherwise, as well as the complete stock of convict-made shoes he may have This is the same person whose modesty compelled him to leave the State temporarily to prevent having the nomination for lieutenantgovernor thrust upon him. L. N. H., the correspondent from Evanston, in his letter to the magazine, June number, invites the Shoshone brothers, if they are lacking in the attribute of "giving credit to a virtue," to Evanston, where they will endeavor to teach us a principle that is all noble and good. Now, I want to ask L. N. H. if he and the other brothers at Evanston consider it a virtue in a man who unjustly accumulates, or to speak more plainly, who robs labor of hundreds of thonsands of dollars, to return to the persons he robbed a few paltry dollars in "charity," $50 here and $100 there; a man who has given as high as $20 at one time to a labor organization! Why, our friend knows that Mr. Beckwith has spent more for the care of one fast horse than the combined amounts mentioned as having been given away in charity to a few of the victims of the cupidity of such men as Mr. Beckwith. We do not want any charity in ours; we prefer that all should have equal access to the natural opportunities that, added to other just conditions, would make it unnecessary for these people to apply to the rich man for a few of the crumbs from his overburdened table. L. N. H. says Mr. Beckwith has always recognized and encouraged organized labor. The Chinese trouble at Rock Springs does not bear L. N. H. out in this state ment. We are informed that Mr. Beckwith's firm at that time would force upon and deduct from the monthly pay of Chinese for supplies they had not ordered and had no use for. Will L. N. H. tell us if Beckwith. Quinn & Co. did of beating down white labor and robbing all alike who did? happened to have had on hand; perhaps the bring the Chinese into Wyoming for the purpose unpardonable sin was the failure on our part to recognize as being wrapped up within his goodly proportions all that goes to make up a perfect lieutenant-governor, as well as the embodiment of political purity. His henchman, a painter in the shop who left the Knights of Labor after his unsuccessful attempt to turn the Assembly bodily over to the Republican party, used his best efforts to keep as many of the shopmen as possible in line for his patron, and in order to carry out the programme he, with a number of others, went early, to elect the judge of election, thereby abusing the privilege of going to vote by consuming an unnecessary amount of time. This may react upon these people in the future. The members of the I. A. M., of course, since the strike believe it to be their duty in life to oppose anything and everything that may be approved by those who do not belong to their union. "What fools these mortals be." They may learn, after a time, that "an injury to one is the concern of all," and not allow themselves to "be played" by a disappointed, vindictive man, for the sake of getting back at men who did not agree with them in the late unpleasantness, and the favor of riding to the polls sitting on the very elegant cushions of his carriage while wearing their greasy overalls. We are informed that another firm in a section of country near Evanston is operating along lines similar to that of Beckwith & Quinn, in relation to Japanese labor. What do the readers of the magazine think of the gathering clouds on the financial horizon? less than $6.00 per capita with which to do the $60.00 per capita of circulation in France, and enormous business of these United States. Is it not time we were through voting for Cleveland, Harrison, McKinley and Wall street? SAGE BRUSH. PORTLAND, Oregon, June 9, 1893. Editor Magazine: We have been treated to a variety here of late in the shape of hours, nine, ten and one-half and eight hours. The company lawyer or liar (as you may see fit to call him) at this point claimed June 3d a legal holiday, and a shut-down was the result, but upon an investigation it was found to be a mistake, and the next week we worked ten hours, and were allowed ten and one-half to make up for lost time, and the following week we worked eight hours. The supply department is not behind in reducing expenses; men are |