was especially shown at the feast given by Sir Richard Whittington (Mayor 1419-20) to King Henry V.

Prof. W. W. Skeat in the small but interesting book The Past at our Doors' relates:

"In the early days when sugar, which seems to have come into Europe through the Arabs after the Crusades, had not been introduced, wild honey from the woods was used instead. Even when introduced (in the form of the violet- and rose-coloured sugar, for instance, which reached England from Alexandria in the reign of Henry VII.) it long continued to be regarded as a rare and costly spice, and it remained so up to the time of the discovery of America at the end of the fifteenth century. It was first refined and made into loaves by a Venetian, the loaves being mentioned in the reign of Henry VIII."

HERBERT SOUTHAM.

COBDEN'S STATUE IN ST. PANCRAS (12 S. iii. 508). In reply to the inquiry of H. C-N I can state that there is no connexion between the parish of St. Pancras and Richard Cobden. I cannot give any exact reply to the question why the site was chosen, except that it was a vacant space and it was thought that it might as well be filled by a bad statue. T. FISHER UNWIN.

CUTTING THE HAIR AS A PRESERVATIVE AGAINST HEADACHE (12 S. iii. 250, 307, 484). A heavy crop of hair is often regarded as being the cause of headaches. One of my brothers had his thick thatch thinned in order to prevent his suffering from the pain: and I think long or heavy hair is considered exhausting to the system of weedy little girls.

ST. SWITHIN.

Quinque vides natos una de matre creatos, Sunt duo barbati, barbaque carent duo nati, Quintus et ornatus partim, partim spoliatus. To this a note is appended: 66 Cortices rosarum vocant sive alabastros, calycis partes." A comparison of these last lines with those quoted by MR. DAVIES tells against his proposed insertion. On p. 380, among Enigmata quædam miscellanea,' we get the riddle in a couplet:Sunt quini fratres, sub eodem tempore nati:

:

Barba duobus abest, et tribus illa subest. The fivefold division of the calyx is again referred to in a distich by Jacobus Susius, given on p. 369:

LETTERS FROM H.M.S. BACCHANTE: W. JOHNSON YONGE (12 S. iii. 328, 363, 450, 483).-The connexion of Wm. Johnson Yonge with Sir Joshua Reynolds is not a little interesting. The Johnsons were Reading merchants. Samuel Johnson, born in 1685, son of Samuel of Reading, became a student of Christ Church, Oxford, and was given the College living of Great Torrington in Devonshire. His son William, who was Mayor of Torrington in 1757, married Elizabeth, sister of Sir Joshua Reynolds, and was the father of "the beautiful Fanny Johnson " who married Archdeacon Yonge, and was mother of the writer of the letters. Joshua and Elizabeth Reynolds were chil- 3. The lines of which A. K. T. desires to know dren of the Rev. Samuel Reynolds, Master of the source come from a poem called 'Somewhere' Plympton Grammar School. Joshua, after-written by Mrs. Julia Caroline Doir, and are to be found in The Treasury of American Sacred wards the celebrated painter, was born Song (Henry Frowde, 1900). there in 1723, and, after being knighted in 1769, became Mayor of Plymouth in 1773.

Quintuplici strophio subtus circumque recincte
Quam Zephyro rides vere nitente calyx !
EDWARD BENSLY.

STAPLETON MARTIN.

The Firs, Norton, Worcester.

Notes on Books.

Hazlitt: Selected Essays. Edited by George Sampson. (Cambridge University Press, 38. 6d. net.)

"

every

labours of Mr. A. R. Waller and Arnold Glover. We hope that readers for human pleasure as well as students with examinations in view will be led by this selection to master the whole of Hazlitt in the Collected Works' due to these two scholars.

Surnames of the United Kingdom: a Conoise
Etymological Dictionary. By Henry Harrison.
Vol. II. Part 16. (Eaton Press, 1s. net.)
THIS instalment deals with names from Tumson
to Waggener. It includes a good many of
medieval Latin and French origin, well known
and curious, especially under V, which letter also
brings before us a number of West-Country
modifications now established as independent
larger than in recent instalments is illustrated
A proportion of the names somewhat
by apt quotations from documents and books.

surnames.

Cata

These two folios

WE are much obliged to the Cambridge Press and to Mr. Sampson for an excellent selection of Hazlitt, prefaced by a brilliantly written introduction. The editor as a school teacher remarks that students' editions of Hazlitt generally confine themselves to his Characters of Shakespeare's Plays. Good as these are, there is abundance of able criticism on the subject, and the selection here made does justice to Hazlitt's infinite gusto, which extended from poets to prizefighters. He got by his own account, which we can well believe, a great deal of enjoyment out of life; but he was a disagreeable person, so obsessed by ideas of revolution and despotism that he was always breaking into extravagances of suspicion and ill-humour. Politics made BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. letters inhumane at that period, and we know what was done to Keats as the friend of Leigh MR. FRANCIS EDWARDS devotes his Hunt. In saying, however, that "The Edin-logue 379 to Books on the Drama and Dramatic/ burgh cannot claim, like The Quarterly, to have Art. The pieces recorded in it are suitable for killed a poet," Mr. Sampson seems to support purchasers of all kinds, ranging from portraits of Byron's rime about the "flery particle" and the actors and actresses at a shilling each, and Tudor "article which made The Quarterly guilty of facsimiles of Elizabethan plays at half-a-crown, killing Keats. The editor must be aware that to a fine copy of the Second Folio Shakespeare, this accusation has long been recognized as false. with the rare imprint " Printed by Thos. Cotes for Leigh Hunt, when he saw Byron's lines in manuRd. Meighen," and in contemporary calf, at 4001. script, told him they were wrong, but Byron There is also a tall copy of the Fourth Folio, would not miss a point smartly set down. On original calf binding, 1201. the other side, Hazlitt retorted with Billingsgate worthily head the long section devoted to on Walter Scott which it is difficult to tolerate Shakespeare, comprising nearly 200 entries, and even from a mad partisan. We have including facsimiles, criticism, and the Baconian admiration for Hazlitt's prose, but he was ex- controversy. Thus Booth's octavo facsimile of tremely trying to his best friends, as the words the First Folio, 1876, may be had for 68.; from Lamb quoted in the introduction show. It Methuen's folio facsimile of the Second Folio is would have been easy to produce similar testi- 21. 108., and their similar facsimile of the Third mony, e.g., from Leigh Hunt, who was on Hazlitt's Folio 31., this being in leather instead of cloth. side in politics. The man who on a walking tour Among general collections of plays may be Tudor Facsimile preferred to walk alone lacked something that named a complete set of the belongs to many lesser men. Yet no one at his Plays," 1907-14, 152 vols. folio and imperial best can have had a finer appreciation of good octavo, 501.; the Student's Edition, 137 vols. talk and good letters. In the virtues of domes- small quarto, 201.; a large-paper set of Dodsley's ticity Hazlitt was not great, and his choice of "Old English Plays," 1825, edited by Payne wives was not fortunate. We do not know why Collier, 12 vols., red morocco, 101., and Carew Mr. Sampson should withhold the title of his Hazlitt's edition, 1874-6, 15 vols. 8vo, cloth, 'Liber Amoris.' The love frenzy it 81. 88.; and Pearson's Reprints of the Old memorates is, after all, a part of Hazlitt, and a Dramatists," 1871-4, 27 vols., calf extra, 251. piece of human nature not ill recorded for the Genest's extremely useful English Stage from instruction of the world. 1660 to 1830,' Bath, 1832, 10 vols., is 91. 9s. Knight, who is affectionately remembered by This was a work often commended by Joseph readers of N. & Q.' His own copy of The Monthly Mirror, 1795-1811, a complete set in 31 vols., with his signature and bookplate, is 107, The original edition of 'Their Majesties' Servants,' by Dr. Doran, an earlier editor of N. & Q.,' 1864, 2 vols., may be had for a sovereign; and Mr. Lowe's edition of that work, 3 vols., with 50 copperplate portraits, Nimmo, 1888, for 11. 48. Complete Works of Aphra Behn,' edited by a present contributor to N. & Q.,' Mr. Montague Summers, 1915, 6 vols., is 31. 38. And readers of the review of Hazlitt on this page may like to secure either his 'Lectures on the English Comic Writers,' 1819, or those on 'The Dramatic Literature of the Age of Elizabeth,' 1821, for 68.

com

The Introduction brings us thoroughly and easily thanks to epigrams--to an understanding of Hazlitt's position and ideas. It makes Napoleon seven ears old when Hazlitt was born in 1778, but surely the former was born in 1769. The essayist began as a painter, and looked back with regret to his earlier days in France. This was the experience also of Thackeray.

The notes are very full, the editor having wisely realized how little the average reader knows. We think something more might have been added about that remarkable man Thomas Holcroft, but generally everything is said that ought to be said. Many quotations which might have been difficult to trace have been settled in the fine large edition of Hazlitt to which acknowledgment is made, and which is due to the devoted

66

The

LONDON, FEBRUARY, 1918.

Food Cards, 42-New Portrait of Dante-St. Swithin at

evidence pointing with various degrees of probability to his authorship. To distinguish one literary article in The Critical CONTENTS. No. 77. Review from another may at first sight NOTES:-Southey's Contributions to The Critical Re- appear as practicable an undertaking as to view, 35-P. A. Croke's Seventeenth-Century Account discriminate Book, 36-St. Paul's School: Stewards of the Feasts, 38between Tweedledum and Richard Edwards's Correspondence, 39-Shakespeariana, Tweedledee. It is true that they consist 40-St. Saviour's, Southwark: Churchyard Inscriptions for the most part of colourless summaries Balmoral-Wolfe's Sir John Moore': a Hibernicism with meagre comment, and probably many Change of Name at Confirmation-Thomas De Quincey's of Southey's reviews are of exactly this QUERIES:-Meredith's Essay on Comedy': John Stuart Sort, and therefore unrecognizable in the Mill-Alexander Pope-General Grant on Wellington, mass. Yet this very level of indistinction 44-"Mr. Bassett" of Helperly-Lindis River First brings into relief reviews which in themBarl of Marlborough's Portrait-John Miers the Pro-selves have no strikingly brilliant qualities, Sepulchre Palestine Canal-Masonic Heraldry-Public- but become noticeable by traces of a range Houses with Names connected with the War-Walker of of reading wider than the common, by the Londonderry: his Descendants-Young-"Rapehouse,"

filist-The Loyal Brotherhood, 45-Jerusalem: the Holy

46-Nahum Tate-Burt, Miniature Painter-St. Martin expression of opinions and interests which de Londres-Water-Colour Pictures-Horn Book in Brass: cannot belong to any random contributor,

Early Infant School-T. Whitehead, Rector of Birdbrook

-Welsh Rivers-Parcy Reed of Troughend, 47-Orator by touches of style which betray the genuine Henley: "Macer"-Irishmen in England in the Seven- man of letters and are hopelessly out of the teenth Century-Taxes on Births and Marriages-Strug reach of the professional hack. "I must be less of the critic than strict justice may require," Southey wrote to his friend Wynn in 1804, because my footmarks are usually to be traced" ( Letters,' ed. Warter, i. 281). The Critical Review did not employ many writers of Southey's calibre.

nell Family-Damory Family-Mrs. Legh of Lyme-East Challow House, Berks-Saint and the Devil, 48-"Amelia Mouser "-Sir Edward and Sir Francis Walsingham The Blue Boar at Islington-Dame Mary Roe, née Gresham-Enigmas of Luberius - Chess: Castle and Rook-Browning's Ring and the Book,' 49-Ryan of Inch, co. Tipperary-Aristophanes: Droysen's German Translation-Serpent and Eternity-Macaulay: Lines written after the Edinburgh Election-Dr. John Brown, alias "Bruno "-Authors of Quotations Wanted, 50. REPLIES:-Pickwick: Origin of the Name, 51-Members Southey's attitude toward reviewing was of the Long Parliament, 52-Rev. John Davies, D.D.- not what we commonly associate with that Magic Squares in India, 54-Philip Westcott, Portrait craft, particularly as it was practised in his Painter-Arms on Old Seal-Representations of the Blessed Trinity-Adieu to the Turf: 4th Earl of day. While professing to hold such work Abingdon-R. Dodd, Marine Painter, 55-Blackwood' in scorn, he nevertheless made great demands and the Chaldee Manuscript-Germans as "Huns"-The of the reviewer, and observed a scrupulous Great Charter, 56-Onion v. Magnet-'Pocahontas English Travellers on Vlachs-Mary Bolles," Baronetess," concern for the rights of the author under 57-Church and the Medical Profession, 58-Picture review. In his ideal conception it was the Frames- Pepys of Salisbury Court - Tankards with Medals, 59-Byron in Fiction"Heuewerc" - Parish business of the critic to have as much Registers Printed - Dyde - Aiguillettes Finger-Landed Gentry, temp. George III.-Boreman's the book on which he sat in judgment, and St. Peter's knowledge of the subject as the author of Description of Animals'-William Blagrave, 60-Evening Dress-Arms of England with France-Sugar: in to pass his judgment not only with honesty, England-"Act of Parliament Clock"-Signboards- but with humanity and generosity as well. The intellectual equipment which he brought to his work consisted of an acquaintance with a very wide range of English literature; a living interest in the writing of poetry, which he was cultivating ambitiously and assiduously; and the knowledge of Spanish and Portuguese literature and history acquired during his visits to the Peninsula in 1796 and 1800. But it was on his moral virtues as a reviewer that Southey especially prided himself:

Marriott Family, 61-Authors Wanted, 62. NOTES ON BOOKS:-'A Bookman's Budget.' Booksellers' Catalogues.

Notices to Correspondents.

Lotes.

SOUTHEY'S CONTRIBUTIONS TO "THE CRITICAL REVIEW.'

IN the Appendix to the Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey,' Cuthbert "I give praise to a good book, with as much Southey refers to his father's well-known pleasure as the author will receive it; to a article on 'Gebir' in The Critical Review, moderate one I am merciful, and that must be and regrets that he cannot obtain a list of very bad indeed that provokes severity." his other contributions to that periodical. Robberds, 'Memoir of William Taylor,' i. 266. A little more attentiveness in reading He carried this spirit, however, to an Southey's letters enables us to identify extreme of indulgence which must freseveral other articles, and the list thus quently have deprived his articles of all ascertained may be augmented by internal character. It became the practice to give

These are exactly the points which The A SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY ACCOUNT Critical Review dwells on. With characteristic generosity Southey exaggerates the merits of the book. His concluding passage reads: