As

On my journey up and down this part of musket. Their own weapons previously Nubia, no crocodile came to my view; consisted, as in old times, in shields, whereas in Upper Egypt they are seen in swords, spears, and bows and arrows. great numbers. The reason is, that no these arms have been succeeded by fire. sooner do the Nubians perceive one, than arms, personal strength and valor have they hunt after it; nor rest till it be killed, been superseded; and they now tender which is usually done with a spear. The their former weapons on board of vessels, flesh of young crocodiles is sometimes for sale. Their swords have not the shape eaten; the skin stuffed, and proffered for of those of the knights of old, as some travsale to foreigners at very reasonable prices, ellers have stated; but many are the swords a little more than half a dollar each. of the ancient knights themselves, which, after having gone out of fashion, the Jews bought up, and sent to these countries for sale; as, at a later period, they did with the old clumsy English watches. Two curious, old, but well-preserved swords were offered to me for sale: on the blade of one was the inscription, "Vivat Carolus V. Roman. Imper." which would make a show in any cabinet in Europe. On the other was a coat of arms, with the date 1414.

The mountains consist chiefly of sandstone and limestone; granite and basaltes, and their forms have very great similarity with the pyramids, especially near Ibsambul (Abusambil.) The antiquities of this country, the most remarkable of which are hewn out in the mountains, are singularly grand, differing from those in Egypt, and vying with them for the prize. In these ruins of former Pagan splendor-ruins of those temples of idolatry which the Christians transformed into churches, to the service of the Living God, destroying or covering the figures on their walls, and replacing them with pictures of the saints and ecclesiastical symbols-the eye and heart of the Christian is reminded, that this whole country was once the property of the Lord and of His Christ, in which the hymns of the Savior resounded: but these glorious times have disappeared-an awful warning to the Christians of other countries, whose candlestick is not yet removed. The Nubians boast of their ancestors having expelled the Christians, who had only in part submitted to Islam. They say, that a great number of Christians then fled to the westward, into the interior of Africa, where they suppose they are still to be found. They also aver, that their present language was not their original one; that they adopted it from the Christians, who formerly inhabited this country, and so lost their own tongue.

This part of Nubia is governed by three chiefs, who were Turks, but have become, naturalized. The first and principal one, residing at Deer, governs over the district extending from Assan as far as Ibrim; the second, from Ibrim as far as Ermyne; and the third, from Ermyne to Wady Halfa. These three chiefs are subordinate to a Turkish commander, whose seat is at Fars. hind in Egypt, and who visits them once a year, receives the taxes, and adjusts the differences among the people, such as the chiefs cannot settle: hence he is called Mudir (one who travels about.) The Nubians, in general, enjoy more freedom than the Egyptians: they are allowed to culti vate their country for their own benefit; and their taxes are very simple, though not trifling, being extracted only on the palmtrees and the sakias (aqueducts.) Each palm-tree pays one piastre a year, and each sakia 250 piastres. The chiefs are people without any education, as were, in times past, and are, the Turkish commanders in Egypt: they can neither read nor write; and of this they even seem to be proud, as though these acquirements were below their rank, fit only for their clerks and accountants.

Perfect quietness prevails now in the country, and greater safety for travellers than in Egypt itself, although no more than about 200 soldiers are distributed over the country. It was muskets and cannon that subdued these people: before the ar- Ignorant and Bigoted Mahomedanism rival of the Pacha's troops, fire-arms of the Natives. With regard to religion, were scarcely known by them; and even the Nubians are, generally speaking, now, terror seizes them at the sight of a extremely ignorant: they observe but few

forms of Islamism, yet are no less bigoted, intolerance. Only in Deer and Wady Halfa is a mosque to be found: all the rest of the country is entirely given up to ignorance.

superstitious, and hostile against Christianity, than the Turks. Ignorance is here, as everywhere, associated with bigotry and

FOREIGN RELIGIOUS INTELLIGENCE.

TRANSLATED FROM PARIS PAPERS.

France. We must speak of what the Reformed church has done to supply the wants of the country.

in which the author, [Clausen,] made direct and bitter attack upon the fundamental principle of the Protestant church, the doctrine of justification by faith. A It is certain that this church has been controversy followed, which Clausen sus. the object, for fifteen years past, of a contained with arms worthy of his cause, by stant and lively solicitude. The faithful causing Grundvig to be cited before the preaching of the Gospel is much more com- civil tribunal. Many publications appear. mon than it was at the fall of the empire. ed, of which it would be of no use to give It has been rapidly spreading from pulpit an account here. A remarkable conse to pulpit and from flock to flock. Besides quence of this controversy, a consequence this, a number of foreign pastors, from worthy of the attention of Christians in ev Switzerland, England and the United ery country, is, that Christians in Denmark States, have labored powerfully in this have seen, more and more clearly, the imwork of Protestant evangelization. Sev- possibility of living in church-fellowship, eral of our churches have enjoyed the ines- [Kirkesamfund,] with those who oppose timable privilege of a revival of religion; and calumniate their faith. and others, though less blessed, yet refreshed by a breath from on high, begin to rouse themselves from their sleep of death. Thousands of copies of the Bible and of religious tracts have been distributed among our families, and the light of revelation is gradually working itself clear from the clouds of skepticism, in which it was so long enveloped.

You will easily conclude, that a religious life, among this people, cannot be a life of uninterrupted joy. Meanwhile there have been, here and there, for the last ten years, manifestations of seriousness, especially in Fionia and Jutland. In Fionia, there has revived a want, a hunger, for the marrow of the gospel, for the grace and mercy of God in Christ. A great number of souls If we compare what has been done for have inquired, with the Philippian jailor, our country by the Protestants with what "what shall we do?" and not finding the the Catholics have done, the disproportion answer in the ralionalist sermons of their is enormous. The Catholics are fifteen or teachers, they have sought for it out of the sixteen times as numerous as the Protest-church, in the ancient writings of Christants; but instead of having obtained fifteen | ians, especially in the writings of Luther, or sixteen times as many Bibles, religious and the Psalms of Brorson and Kingo. For tracts, and other means of spiritual nour- the reading of these books, and to encour ishment, the converse of that proposition age each other in seeking for the grace of would perhaps be true. God and in growth therein, these Christians hold meetings in their own houses. Such is the origin of those religious conferences which contribute, especially where they keep close to the word of God, to nourish and diffuse the spirit of Christianity. At the beginning, these awakened persons were persecuted by the world; not, indeed, so terribly as those of the Canton de Vaud, but yet with no little bitterness. At pres

Denmark.-Extract of a letter to the Editor of the Archives du Christianisme, dated August 12.

You know that a religious movement has been showing itself in Denmark, since 1825. Opposition has been growing more and more bitter, especially since the publication, by the Pastor Grundvig, of an anawer to a publication of Professor Clausen,

ent, they are left in a tolerable degree of expresses it, they virtually live the life of tranquillity. prisoners.

Their adversaries have sent a deputation to the Emperor, charged to represent to him the inconveniences which would result from the establishment of a new form of worship. The news from Vienna is sometimes favorable, and sometimes otherwise; but the longer their sufferings continue, the more their faith is strengthened.

Bohemia.-The Protestants have, in Bohemia, forty-six churches; of which twelve embrace the Confession of Augsburg, and thirty-four the Helvetic Confession. Their number is estimated at 34,800. The greater part of them are poor. They are obliged, not only to provide for the support of their own pastors, but also to contribute to the maintenance of the Roman Catholic worship, and to pay tithes to the priests.

Valley of the Ziller.-On the road from Inspruch, in the Tyrol, towards the valley of the lower Inn, the traveller arrives in five hours at Munster, where the little river, the Ziller, unites with the Inn. This river, which descends from the lofty summits of the Alps, passes through a narrow valley between high mountains, to which it gives its name. The inhabitants, unable to gain a living there, are forced, like many of the Tyrolese, to procure the means of subsistence in other regions. It is during their journies for this purpose, that they become acquainted with the gospel, and on their return, carry with them Bibles and other religious books. The word of the Lord has found a soil well prepared, and amidst the shades of Popery, a revival has commenced, and for some time been making continual progress. Nine converts de- Osnabruck.—A revival of religion, conmanded, five years since, to be admitted tinually progressive, has commenced at into the Evangelical church; but the gov- Osnabruck and its vicinity. Among the ernment has not granted them permission. preachers of that city, who have contribuYet the influence of the gospel continues to ted to make known the gospel, is mentioned make itself felt, and now, near four hun- M. Weibezahn, of the church of St. Cathedred persons partake of the belief of the rine. There are few villages around Osfirst nine. It is not easy to form an idea nabruck, either in the Prussian or Hanoveof the uncomfortable position of the Christ-rian territories, in which some souls have ians of the valley of the Ziller. Exposed not been converted. In one of them, to the ill will of the clergy, they have also nearly all the inhabitants are now disciples to suffer all sorts of vexations from the civil of our Lord. The two taverns of that authorities. Their letters are not sent, and place, formerly resorts for drinking and those directed to them are not delivered; | gaming, are now used only for the entertheir petitions are not received; passports tainment of travellers. Such changes can are refused them; so that, as one of them

never take place without opposition; as these new disciples have found.-Bos. Rec.

LADIES' HINDOO-FEMALE EDUCATION SOCIETY.

We extract part of an "Appeal to Eng

Since I wrote last, I have visited the lish Ladies in behalf of the Native-Female | Schools in Calcutta, and have been indeed Schools in British India."

That great success has attended the Schools already established in Calcutta and other parts of India, under the care of Mrs. Wilson, is a fact already well known; but the following extract of a letter lately received from Mrs. Bateman, daughter of the Bishop of Calcutta, comes as a fresh appeal to our feelings:

delighted. About Four Hundred little girls are taught in the Central School, where Mrs. Wilson herself presides. There they are-seated on the ground, in classes of eight or ten, learning to read their Bibles, repeat their catechisms, hymns, &c. Mrs. Wilson takes great delight in her work. The blessing which she confers on these dear little blacks, by removing them

from superstition, misery, and ignorance, | At night, the elder girl was accustomed to put out her arm when she lay on the ground, and the little one would come and lay her head upon it.

is inconceivable; and will surely tend to
raise the female character here-so de-
graded and despised. She has now estab-
lished an asylum for orphans; for, among
the
poor natives, maternal affection is quite
lost, and mothers often leave their children
to wander about and starve. These little
destitutes are now sent to Calcutta from all
parts of India; and Mrs. Wilson feeds,
clothes, and instructs them.

In another letter, Mrs. Bateman says— I have just heard the following anecdote of a little girl in one of Wilson's Schools:"What are you doing there, Brahmin?" said she to a poor ignorant creature, who, as usual, was performing his devotions by throwing flowers wrapped in plantainleaves into the Ganges. "I am offering these flowers to the Ganges," said the man.

Another letter contains the following pleasing anecdotes:I told you that Mrs. Wilson receives lit-"Why do you offer those flowers to the tle destitutes from all parts of India, whom Ganges?" inquired the little girl: "the washe brings up as Christians. The other ter can do you no good. Why do you not day she received two: one about six, the worship God, and love Jesus Christ, as my other eight. Their father died under a teacher has taught me to do?" "How do tree, and they went about begging, till a you know that you ought to do so?" said kind gentleman sent them to Mrs. Wilson. the man. "Because," replied the child, Mrs. Wilson asked the elder, who looked "my Bible tells me, This is life eternal, thin, if she had always had enough to eat: that they might know thee, the only true she answered, "No; not always: for when God, and Jesus Christ whom he has sent.” got any thing, I put it before my little sis- The man smiled-threw down his flowter, and when she had done I eat the rest."ers-and walked away.

BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY.

The Rev. F. C. Ewald has transmitted | duced; and even at Bardo, the Bey's resito the Society, from Malta, the following dence, where a school has lately been esreport of his distribution of the Scriptures at Tunis.

Permit me to forward to you the account of copies of the Holy Scriptures belonging to your Society, sold and distributed by me from July 1833, to July 1834. From this statement you will see that I have been privileged to put into circulation 972 volumes of which560 were in Hebrew,63 in Arabic, 94 in Italian, and the remainder in various European languages. For these I have received 11 19 piastres.

tablished, the New Testament is read; for the schoolmaster sent for four copies of it. The Jews read now the Word of the Living God, without the comments of their Rabbis; and those who formerly could not afford to buy one, are now able to purchase one at a low price, owing to the kindness of your Society: and often, when I tell them, that not I, but many good Christians in England, who love them, who long, and pray for their conversion to the Lord Jesus, gave them the Bibles at so low a price, they Allow me to express my best thanks to wish to these good people a thousand blesyour Society, for the liberality and kind- sings from above. Some Mahomedans, ness with which they had the goodness to also, the greatest enemies of Christ Cruciassist me, during the past year. I am sure fied, read the Bible: some, indeed for cuthey will continue in future doing the same. riosity's sake; but of others, I know they Many a Roman Catholic in Tunis, who read the Holy Book to examine whether never before saw a Bible, has now this things are as we state them to be: I know treasure in his possession: may the Lord one who has been persecuted, and dismissed bless it to his soul! In some schools es- the college, because he was found reading tablished here, the Bible has been intro-the New Testament, and would not cease

reading it; and said, that the New Testa- | Lord our God: but these things which are ment is a good book, and the Psalms are revealed, to us and to our children. A precious words, and the whole Bible the few copies of the Holy Scriptures I had an Word of God: I am acquainted with anoth-opportunity of sending into the interior; and er, one of the Court, who reads diligently have since been informed,that they have been the Word of God; and, as often as I see received with pleasure by the Chiefs of the him, he asks questions about what he has tribes; and, at the same time, I have been read. Who can tell the operations of the requested to send some more copies, which Spirit? The secret things belong to the I have done.

WESTERN FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

MISSION TO NORTHERN INDIA-DEATH OF ist, "It is good for me that I have been afflicted."

REV. WM. REED.

time, Mr. Reed was attacked by a diarrhoea, which soon reduced him, and confined him to his couch. All our efforts to check it proved unavail

When we left Calcutta, which was on the 23d of July, my dear husband was thought to be as well Letter of Mrs. Harriet Reed to the Cor. Secretary, as he had been for the three last months. He was dated Ship Edward, Sept. 22, 1834. Southern able to ride two or three miles in a carriage to the Ocean, S. Lat. 30 deg. 31 min. E. Long. 32 deg. ship, and to walk about the deck once a day for REV. AND DEAR BROTHER SWIFT.-By letters several days after. We were several days in getreceived from brother Lowrie, you will probably ting down the river, during which we were exhave received information respecting the affairs posed to the scorching rays of a vertical sun; and, of the little Mission Family down to the 20th of after getting out to sea, we were tossed about four July. You have heard, not only of our prosper-days in a severe gale of wind and rain. At this ity, but also of the trials and afflictions with which an all-wise Providence has visited us. You have theard of the death of our beloved sister Lowrie, and also of the declining health of my beloved hus-ing; and I plainly saw that his end was drawing band. How happy should I feel could I now present a brighter prospect, to encourage you in the glorious enterprise of missions! But I trust, that the zeal and love with which the dear people of God have enlisted in his work is not to be checked or damped by the discouragements with which we have met; but, while they hear that one and another has fallen, many will come forward and fill their places.

It has now become my painful duty to inform you of the DEATH of Mr. Reed. This sudden, and at that time, unexpected event, took place on the 12th of August, ten days after leaving Calcutta. But a few days before leaving, we consulted our physician again upon the subject of our returning to America. He said, the reasons were as strong in favor of doing so then as ever before; and his advice was, that we should make no delay, but improve the first opportunity.

near. When informed of his eondition, he did not express any surprise; but encouraged me with the hope that he should revive when he got over the effects of the gale, and should live to reach St. Helena. This was about the 7th of August. From this time he continued to fail until the morning of the 12th, when his happy soul was released from its prison of clay, to join the redeemed above. In the evening, his remains were committed to the watery deep, near one of the Andaman Islands, in the Bay of Bengal.

From the time of his giving up his hopes of be. ing able to labor among the heathen, he seems to have set about his preparation for death, although his interest for the heathen and the prosperity of your Society did not abate in the least. He conversed frequently and familiarly upon the subject, and I always found his mind composed and happy, and trusting alone in the righteousness of Christ as the ground of his acceptance with God. As death drew near, he had some delightful foretastes of heaven, which caused him to long to depart and be with Christ.

The sacrifice of our feelings in following his advice was far greater than in leaving our beloved kindred and country; and nothing but convictions of duty could have influenced us to make this decision. But I hope, that, either in time or eter- My feelings under these trials can be more nity, we shall see that all has been overruled by easily imagined than described. There is, howinfinite wisdom for the promotion of the Redeem-ever, so great a contrast between death-bed scenes er's kingdom on earth. This reflection has been to me a source of comfort and consolation in my afflictions, and I have been able to rejoice, that the Lord reigneth."-I feel, that, though his chastisement is severe, still it was sent in love, and by the hand of a kind and tender parent, and consequently for my good, even to "make me partaker of his holiness." If this great end is accom. plished, I shall have reason to say with the Psalm

on land, where they are surrounded by sympathizing and praying friends, and one at sea, where there is no one to administer consolation to the living or dying, and where we know, that the object now dearest to the heart will soon become the prey of the monsters of the deep, that it is impossible, without experience, to realize it. The Lord, however, did not forsake me at that trying hour; but enabled me, with some degree of com