iodine. The last injection was made August 2d, after which the opening into the spinal canal closed entirely, and no fluctuation could be detected. Four months afterward the child was perfectly well, except a slight weakness of the legs, and was of the average intelligence. The other two cases were similar to the above, and the treatment the same. In the case of the patient who died, the progress was satisfactory when the child was carried off by infantile cholera.-Southern Journal of Med. Sciences. for diet, exercise, etc., I prescribed for him the sixteenth part of a grain of the sulphate of strychnia, to be taken twice daily in solution. Under this treatment, at the end of two months, he entirely recovered, has had no further attack, and is improving in health and strength." Mr. Tyrrell further says: "I have seen, as yet, no case in which the strychnine did not exhibit a marked power in controlling and altering the convulsive attacks." OPIUM POISONING.-A case of poisoning by opium is the antidote effects of atropine were produced in a few minutes by the hypodermic use of one-twelfth of a grain of atropine. The patient was aroused from profound coma, and made a perfect recovery.—Southern Journal of Med. Sciences. CURE OF OPAQUE CORNEA.-De Luca has just present-reported in the N. O. Med. and Surg. Journal, where ed to the French Academy a paper, in which he states that he has found that sulphate of soda has the power of removing corneal spots in an almost incredibly short space of time. He was led to the experiment from the fact that it maintains the fibrin of the blood in a state of solution. He first used the salt dissolved in distilled water, and allowed the liquid to fall drop by drop on the ball of the affected eye, and the result was that, after some days' treatment, the opacity was, to a considerable extent, diminished. He then used the sulphate in fine powder, allowing a few particles to fall upon the eye. In this way a more decided result was obtained-one patient, who had previously been almost completely blind, regained a certain amount of distinct vision. Med. Times and Gazette. HYDROCHLORATE OF AMMONIA IN SENILE GANGRENE.— M. Gru speaks of the efficacy of this remedy in this disease, and reports a case in which its good effects were marked. An old lady, 85 years of age, was suffering from acute pains in the right foot. The next day unmistakable evidences of gangrene manifested themselves. A solution of ammonia was made in the proportion of an ounce of the salt to a gallon and a half of water. After the foot was immersed for two hours, the patient was very much relieved. Whenever the solution was not applied the pain appeared. The natural color and heat of the skin also returned under this remedy. A year after the same patient had a return of the same disease, which, being treated in the same manner, was attended with great success.-L'Union Médicale. ERGOT IN PARALYSIS OF THE BLADDER. -Dr. Leon Serbet was called to a patient, aged 66 years, who had been suffering from incontinence of urine for fifteen years. On the day of the visit the patient had complete retention. There was no constriction of the urethra, marked sensibility, or obstacle to the passage of water, except a slight enlargement of the prostate. At the end of eight days the patient had still no power over the bladder. The case being considered as one of paralysis, owing to over-distention, it was concluded to try the ergot of rye in powder-thirty grains during the day. This produced no effect beyond slight pains in the hypogastric region, and the water still required to be drawn with the catheter. At the end of ten days the ergot was administered in fifteen-grain doses, four times daily, at twenty minutes' interval before and after a hip-bath given in the morning. From this time the patient could urinate, and the incontinence disappeared. This treatment was continued for fifteen days, at the end of which time the patient was cured. STRYCHNINE IN EPILEPSY.-Mr. Tyrrell, in the Med. Times and Gazette, has reported a number of cases in which he tested the efficacy of strychnine in this disease. The first case in which he used it is thus described: "The first case in which I used strychnia was in 1860 in a patient 28 years old, who had been for some time losing flesh and strength, and had latterly been subject to attacks of epilepsy. After enforcing rules RUPTURE OF THE UTERUS.-A correspondent of the Med. and Surg. Rep. at Paris, reports from the Union Médicale a remarkable case related by Dr. Cherean. A patient during her seventh accouchement, the first stage proceeding slowly and the os dilating well, had a prolapsus funis which escaped by the vulva, and could not be replaced. The pains were violent for an hour and a half, when the patient suddenly experienced a sensation in the belly as if something had given way. She became pale, pulseless, and fainted, A vaginal examination revealed, instead of the foetal head, a spongy mass, a sort of magma. The abdomen was bi-lobed, with a marked depression in the centre. The hand introduced into the vagina, penetrated into foetus. The foetus had escaped through the left side of the abdominal cavity, and reached the left foot of the the uterus into the peritoneal cavity, and was placed astride, as it were, on the edges of the wound. The foot and the arms were successively drawn into the left foot was withdrawn, and held by a cord; the right uterus, and finally with the finger crossed into the mouth of the child, the accoucheur was able to draw After delivery, a mass of intestines escaped, was four the entire body from the peritoneal cavity, and deliver. times pushed back into place, and as many times reappeared between the thighs. The patient was placed in an inclined position, with the pelvis elevated, and by this means the intestines were retained in place. Peritonitis ensued, and continued five weeks. Nevertheless the patient recovered completely, the menses were reestablished at the end of sixteen months, and four years later the woman was confined for the eighth time, and in perfect safety. OZENA.-Mr. Heath, in the Lancet, recommends, in addition to frequent washings, the application of tannin in solution with glycerine (tannin, grs. i.-1j., glycerine, 3 i., aquæ 3 i.), and blown into the nostrils with a spray producer for the treatment of ozena. It has the advantage of more fully spreading through the cavity, and the method may be advantageously employed in those cases of polypus nasi in which the nostril is so completely blocked that the patient cannot snuff up. PUNCTURE OF THE BLADDER.-Dr. Mackie reports a ing to an impassable stricture. case of distended bladder from retention of urine, owpassed, the supra-pubic operation was performed by a No urine had been medium-sized trocar and canula. While the urine was still flowing, a small gum catheter was passed through the canula into the bladder, and allowed to remain, the canula being withdrawn over the catheter. A full dose of morphine was given after the operation. The following day the patient was free from pain, and able to pass his urine naturally. The catheter was withdrawn, and on the fourth day the external wound was entirely healed.-Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. by any change in the law of the State, nor by an amended by-law of the Society, but simply by a firmer and more inflexible adherence to the rule in force, to select the best and most fitting representative men. If it has been the practice in some local societies to suffer the office of delegate to go a-begging, a wiser and more intelligent custom is certainly needed. If, again, a member who is aware that if his name is presented in open session it will be rejected, seeks, through the miserable manoeuvring of political tactics, to carry an election, let him be stamped as unworthy, because dishonorable. If, again, a local society, for the purpose of preserving its relations to the State society, consents to be improperly represented, because it is entirely convenient for a delegate to attend, it should be shamed into propriety on this subject. If, again, a DELEGATION IN THE STATE MEDICAL local society is represented by a delegate who also, and SOCIETY. In connection with the subject of representation in the New York State Medical Society, we desire to offer a few suggestions which were presented to our mind at the recent meeting. As a general rule, county and other medical societies, and medical schools, have been in the habit of soliciting individual members to act as their representatives in the State Medical Society. In some instances, intriguing and ambitious members, by means of the machinery in common use in political caucuses and conventions, have solicited such appointments. The rule should invariably be, to select as delegates to the parent Society, not such members as can conveniently attend, and who have private, personal, ambitious ends to gratify, but such worthy and honored men as have, by their lives and labors in the profession, emphatically earned the title, as well as the many privileges which belong to that representative capacity. To be a delegate to the State Medical Society, is the first step toward membership in that body; and membership once secured, a man of ambition may aspire to fuller honors, and in the position of presiding officer may enjoy an opportunity of making his views as extensively known as the Transactions of the Society are circulated and read. If his opinions are sound in every way, no one will object to see them thus spread abroad. But the sentiments of such a man might, under certain circumstances, seriously compromise the venerable Society, which, through the addresses of Romeyne, Stearns, Mitchell, the Becks, the Coventry's, Eights, McNaughton, Wing, Spencer, Blatchford, March, Stephens, Clark, Howe, and others, has spoken clearly and boldly in support of the "truth as it is in our profession. Not only to prevent the evils of such an almost impossible contingency as the election of an unworthy President, but to add strength, dignity, and effectiveness to the practical operations of the State Medical Society, we would propose a revision of the plan by which representation in this body is governed. Not more heartily, as we have known, acts as delegate to the Masonic Convention, which always meets at Albany on the day of the assembling of the Society, it should be informed most decidedly that we claim the whole time and constant attendance of such as are appointed to take part in the deliberations. Representation in the State Medical Society should not, in form or appearance, be allowed to lose its dignity. It should be of the best material at the command of local societies; of such a character as will advance the interests of science, for which end, as individuals, and in voluntary and incorporated organizations, we are striving and laboring, in the midst of ignorance and opposition outside of our ranks, and irresolution and vacillation among our own members. If we look for wise and intelligent representation in the medical societies in the country, as distinguished from those in the metropolis, we surely have a right to expect that equal care will be exercised by the latter in the designation of individuals to sustain their honor and credit at the annual gathering of the professional wisdom of the State. As the metropolis claims to possess the collective advantages, on a large scale, for imparting medical knowledge, as summed up in colleges, hospitals, infirmaries, and other general and special fields of observation and research, and as, to an almost unlimited degree, in this respect, the country concedes to the city its undoubted advantages as "the seat of learning," it is but simple justice to insist that a voluntary society, composed of many of the elements which enter into the formation of professional chairs, and which for years has published to the world the records of its proceedings, should, as well in every one of its delegated members as in every one of its remarkable volumes, reflect the full measure of its exalted name and character. Will it be believed that a delegate from this Society, at the late meeting of the State Medical Society, by means of five petitions in his own handwriting, besought the Nominating Committee to make him a permanent member and a delegate to the Medical Society of the State of Connecticut? And yet this is the literal truth, admitted to best realize the important principles of conas a member of the committee asserts. Now for the remedy for mal-representation. The State Medical Society is powerless to change the custom in this respect. It is bound to receive the accredited delegates from subordinate societies. The offer of credentials is proof, on the part of the delegate, that he is worthy of fellowship in the superior body. The responsibility rests entirely with the local societies, that their members are invited to "go up higher." In this all-important particular, let the discrimination be so rigid and exact-in favor only of such men as will add dignity to the position-that the List of Permanent Members, which began with the honored names of Nicholas Romeyne and Samuel Bard, in 1813, may continue to indicate the best and most eminently representative talent known to the profession in the State. struction, impermeability, convenience of form, ventilation, facility of pitching and striking, solidity, transportability, and simplicity; the employment of the "fly" securing the impermeability without adding to its weight or cost. Our instrument department was well represented by Messrs. Tiemann & Co., and Hernstein the former being the recipient of a silver medal from the Imperial Commission. The number of artificial limbs exhibited was not great, but the selections were well made, and Dr. Hudson's leg walked off with the bronze medal. Our canned fruit seems to have met with great favor, some of the articles, such as green corn, cranberries, okra, etc., being almost entirely unknown in Europe. Borden's extract of beef and condensed milk are considered as the best extracts known, the former receiving a silver medal from the Société de Secours aux Blessés. There are other articles which received honorable mention, but as they are not of such relative importance in the care of the wounded, we shall not refer to them particularly. Ir is no new thing to inform Americans of the high estimation in which our war material has been held by European governments. In all the departments of military matters, we have made a progress which has Our exhibit as a nation was creditable enough in this been commensurate with our necessities and opportu- particular department, it is true, but it would not have nities for experience; and in that which refers more been nearly so well made had not Dr. Evans, the particularly to the care of the wounded, we are by no American physician of Paris, taken an almost personal means behind any of the older nations. We have re-interest in the proper representation of the creditable cently had a practical proof of this fact in the published doings of his medical countrymen. report on the Ambulance and Sanitary matériel at the great exhibition which has been prepared by Dr. Thomas W. Evans, a member of the jury of the Universal Exposition (class xi.), and U. S. Commissioner. This report, which is of an official character, contains the following remarks: "In the American department, this material has not only been well represented, but surpasses, both in value and extent, any similar collection in the Exposition," in proof of the truth of which, the superiority of the different articles on exhibition is pointedly set forth. It is not necessary to go into a detail of the reasons for the several preferences, but our present purpose will be served by a little more than the mere mention of the results of a universal competition. The Howard Ambulance receives an honorable men Reviews and Notices of Books. TREATISE ON THE DISEASES OF THE EYE, including the Anatomy of the Organ. By CARL STELLWAG VON CARION, M.D., Professor of Ophthalmology in the Imperial Royal University of Vienna. Translated from the third German edition, and edited by CHARLES E. HACKLEY, M.D., Surgeon to the N. Y. Eye and Ear Infirmary, Physician to the N. Y. Hospital, Fellow of the N. Y. Academy of Medicine, etc., and D. B. ST. JOHN ROOSA, M.D., Clinical Professor of the Diseases of the Eye and Ear in the Medical Department of the University of the City of N. Y., etc. With an appendix by the editors. Illustrated by ninety-six wood engravings, and eighteen chromo-lithographs. New York: WILLIAM WOOD & Co., 61 Walker St. 1868. Pp. 774. Ir is with great pleasure that we announce the translation into English of this admirable book on the eye. tion from the Imperial Commission, and a silver medal in English, on ophthalmology. There have been, inSince Mackenzie, there has been no complete treatise, (the highest prize awarded) from the special jury ap- deed, many excellent monographs on the subject, and pointed by the Société de Secours aux Blessés. We very many "Handbooks" which cannot be accused of learn that the principal merit of our ambulances is light-consulting a book to find something not known before, a great degree of usefulness, since it is required in ness, the heaviest weighing not over 1,300 lbs., the or at least a reasonable fund of information on the average weight of those of European manufacture being about 2,000. This latter fact is no doubt accounted for by the general use on our ambulances of coverings of enamelled cloth, or cotton duck, instead of the clumsy wooden sides and tops of the European models. The model hospital car by Dr. Elisha Harris, received a bronze medal from the Société de Secours aux Blessés. It it spoken of as "one of the most beautiful and attractive objects of the American Exhibition." The "Wall" regulation tent is generally subject in hand. It may be argued that a volume of nearly eight hundred pages must be diffuse-not adapted to the wants of the practising physician, exhaustive, but hardly diffuse. By referring to any whose time is so limited. The book is certainly subject on ophthalmology, the reader is sure to find most of what has been written upon it which is of value; and it takes but little power of selection to find what is wanted, especially when so well arranged as is Stell wag. Nothing can be more disappointing than, in referring to a book professing to instruct us on a given subject, to find it wanting in the very points under investiga- by atropine alone, but seems to place great stress upon tion. Stellwag is characterized by being up to the inunction treatment, whether it be specific or not. modern requirements of the science; by not clinging In short, rare skill is exhibited in rejecting or adopting affectionately to by-gone notions; by presenting a very various methods of treatment, throughout the book. complete resumé of the opinions of most of the emi- The whole subject of operation for artificial pupil is nent men in ophthalmology, as well as by fully presenting included in the brief space of ten pages, and consists his own; by prefixing to each subject a succinct anat- only of iridectomy, iridodesis, and iridenkleisis, and is omy of the part, and by very full pathological state- in delightful contrast to the long drawn out inanities of some of the older books. ments. The author seems to be more of an innovator than a conservative, and rejects without ceremony long cherished ideas and opinions, which seem to have been demolished by recent investigations. In this he exhibits an improvement over many recent authors, who, in their respect for authority, have been led into many ridiculous errors. The diseases of the cornea occupy seventy-four pages, and, as may well be imagined, are very exhaustively discussed. In acute inflammations of the cornea with great photophobia, the author very rarely speaks of the use of atropine, which American ophthalmologists are so fond of using; and the somewhat typical keratitis in children, known with us as the phlyctenular variety, is scarcely spoken of, the author contenting himself with a more general statement of the disease, under the head of herpes of the cornea. In the recent question concerning the presence or absence of the strumous taint in herpetic keratitis in children, the author agrees with those who believe in the local nature of the disease, but admits that, as a result of the disease, a condition of things closely allied to struma may be developed; of course then necessita ing constitutional treatment. In speaking of the cause of diffuse keratitis, he states that that dependent upon a syphilitic taint is of doubtful origin, Mr. Hutchinson to the contrary notwithstanding. But the situation is philosophically managed in the remarks on the treatment of the disease, by the statement that, "if there is any constitutional disease that can possibly influence the local affection, of course it must be appropriately treated." Suppurative keratitis is well illustrated by a large number of excellent wood-cuts, exhibiting lesions of the cornea, of almost every conceivable variety. To mitigate the pain in this disease, the hypodermic injection of morphine is recommended. It is also advised in painful affections of the eye, throughout the book. Professor Stellwag justly recognizes the importance of intra-ocular pressure in suppurative keratitis, and recommends paracentesis of the cornea, especially in hypopion-not insisting upon the necessity of evacuating the pus, but of relieving the pressure. Atropine is freely used as a mydriatic, except in case of peripheral ulcers, when the pupil must be contracted by the use of preparations of calabar bean. In pannus of the cornea, the treatment does not materially differ from that lately employed by most American surgeons. In the opacities of the cornea the subject of artificial pupil is very ably and exhaustively dwelt upon. The old and useless operations in corneal staphyloma are altogether discarded, while most, if not all, of the valuable ones are described. Sections third and fourth will delight ophthalmoscopists, treating as they do of inflammations of the optic nerve and the retina, and their consequences. We can say without hesitation, that these sections are the most satisfactory that have yet appeared in any English text-book. Iritis is also managed in a very comprehensive manner. The other divisions of specific, rheumatic, scrofulous, arthritic iritis, etc., are ignored, but, under the head of causes, every influence is recogized which may produce the disease. The author does not deign to mention a recent method of treating iritis Section sixth treats of the inflammation of the choroid and ciliary body. As an evidence of the advance of ophthalmology, we may here state that what was formerly called "Internal Ophthalmia" is now designated as "Irido-cyclitis," "Irido-choroiditis," "Choroiditis," and "Panophthalmitis," these diagnoses being greatly assisted by the ophthalmoscope. The subject of Glaucoma is incidentally alluded to under the head of Irido-cyclitis, besides being fully described in an appropriate section. We would like so exact a statement of what is understood by the term Glaucoma as never again to be in doubt as to its meaning. It is here very philosophically, though not quite systematically, treated. The disease, according to Stellwag, is composed of a number of elements; rigidity of the ocular capsule, a characteristic of old age; intra-ocular pressure from various causes, inflammation being the most frequent, and cupping of the optic disc as a consequence of the pressure. The inflammation productive of this mischief being a choroiditis, and irido-choroiditis, and irido-cyclitis. Of course glaucomatous symptoms may result from a great variety of inflammations extending to any one of these parts, without the production of a true glaucoma. In the treatment, no folly is committed by wasting other therapeutic means than operative measures upon the disease, but the latter are unhesitatingly recommended, such as paracentesis of the cornea as a temporary measure, iridectomy, and the so called Hancock's operation, as curative means. It seems to us, however, that Hancock's operation is too slightly esteemed. In sympathetic choroiditis, enucleation of the globe seems to be the main reliance in treatment, although abscission, evisceration, and iridectomy are spoken of. Posterior staphyloma is here regarded as being a result of an incomplete development of the eyeball, “in which the raphé closing the foetal ocular fissure and the union of the inner nervous sheath with the sclera, is less firm than normally." Its hereditary nature tends to confirm this opinion. Graefe's idea that sclero-choroiditis posterior is an integral part of this disease, is here recognized. Inflammation of the conjunctiva covers sixty-two pages, and is undoubtedly more completely disposed of than in any recent English book. The pathology of granular conjunctivitis is very ably considered. A few of the new modes of treatment are not mentioned, but all that is of value is given. In inflammation of the conjunctiva in general, the use of the solution of tannine in glycerine is not recommended; a mode of treatment much esteemed in this country. Under the head of Blennorrhoea are included all the diseases of the eyes formerly considered as purulent ophthalmia, Egyptian ophthalmia, gonorrhoeal ophthalmia, etc., the essential identity of these diseases being recognized. The great value of ice compresses and applications of cold water are in this disease, as in other acute inflammations of the conjunctiva, fully dwelt upon. Where a paracentesis or iridectomy is indicated, the author seems too fearful of performing it during the height of the inflammation. He very judiciously abstains from the use of strong applications of nitrate of silver during the more acute symptoms. In the purulent ophthalmia of infants, allusion is made to the slough produced by the application of the nitrate of silver to the palpebral conjunctiva. It seems to us that the application should be so moderate as not to result in a slough—that it should coagulate secretions, and destroy the epithelial layer of the conjunctiva only. Inunctions of mercurial ointment are here recommended, we hardly know why. Atropine, in our opinion, is not sufficiently recommended in purulent conjunctivitis as well as in many other forms of disease. There is a chapter of six pages on Diphtheritic Conjunctivitis-somewhat of a novelty in ophthalmic literature. The causes of the affection are not satisfactorily given, the diphtheritic element not really entering into more than a small number of cases. Where the conjunctivitis seems to be diphtheritic the usual treatment for diphtheria is very properly recommended by the editors; beyond this no especial treatment for the affection is necessary. The results of trachoma are very completely stated, but granulations of the ocular conjunctiva are much more frequently spoken of here than we are in the habit of seeing. The author attempts to give the indication for the use of different stimulant cauterizing applications; but we think that in many instances the application should be made which seems to be of the greatest benefit to the patient, and that changes from one agent to another are often indicated; of course this necessitates a certain amount of experimentation. Section ninth disposes of inflammation of the lids. As a consequence of this inflammation, we have various deformities, necessitating operations which are detailed at length, and are well illustrated by diagrams. Most of the operations promising a reasonable hope of success are here described. In removing tumors from the lid, splitting it up for trichiasis and entropion, etc., the horn spatula is used inserted beneath the upper eyelid, as has often been recommended elsewhere. In this country the finger has been passed under the eyelid for the same purpose as the spatula, and is on some accounts much to be preferred, as the operator is enabled to determine accurately where and how far the incision is made. Diseases of the lachrymal apparatus are very satisfactorily presented. Inasmuch as great improvements have somewhat recently been instituted, the old style has entirely gone out of use, and the slitting up of the canaliculus and the introduction of probes have superseded it. Several varieties of probes are recommended, but the original form suggested by Bowman is still retained, and is undoubtedly as good as any other. The necessity of treating the catarrh of the sac and tear duct is fully stated, as is certainly necessary. We remember some time since to have met with a gentleman having an obstruction of the tear duct, dependent on a swollen state of the mucous lining, the result of catarrh. On applying to a surgeon the probe was recommended, but the gentleman objecting to it, went away, and treated his catarrh by injections of water, curing the obstruction. Destruction of the lachrymal sac is spoken of as a means of doubtful utility. For contracting and closing the cavity of an abscess of the sac, he recommends the application of collodion, a procedure we have been happy to justify by practice. The operation of removal of the lachrymal gland, as lately recommended by Laurence, of London, is not alluded to, and we may remark in this place that comparatively few English authors are quoted from. Part second is devoted to tumors of the eye-extraocular and intra-ocular-prefaced by an exceedingly able and exhaustive statement of their nosology, symptoms, and course, illustrated by a large num ber of finely executed wood-cuts. We need only state that the almost constant reference to Virchow is a sufficient guarantee of its excellence. The nosology of cataract is very thoroughly explained. In the treatment we find most of the modern methods very fairly considered. The indications for the modified linear extraction of Graefe, it seems to us, are not very clearly given. He seems to approve of this practice in certain cases, but does not believe it supersedes the old method of flap extraction, on the whole. In this country it does not seem to have met with as large a success as would have been inferred from the statements of Graefe. Still greater perfection in its performance may cause it to result more satisfactorily. Linear extraction by means of the spoon, it seems to us, is almost too freely recommended, as it is a hazardous operation, and the surgeon, desirous of a quick result, may be led to accept this, instead of the slower but safer needle operation. "For the removing secondary cataracts or other membraniform obstruction from the pupil," the operation performed by our fellow-countryman, Dr. C. R. Agnew, and described in this book by the editors, is in our opinion one of the best that has been devised. A section on the operations for cataract describes only discission, linear extraction, flap extraction, and the modified linear extraction. We think more stress should be laid upon the use of the finger in removing the lens, instead of Daniels' spoon. We are extremely gratified to see here over seventy pages of matter pertaining to diseases of refraction and accommodation, a subject that has scarcely received attention until recently. It is true there have been excellent monographs on the subject, Donder's work being the greatest and the best; but this is the first time that a reasonable amount of information has appeared on this subject in any systematic general treatise in our language. We notice an immense advance in ophthalmology in looking over the subject of amblyopia and amaurosis, so vaguely treated of in older works. Here, by the aid of the ophthalmoscope, the pathological changes are exactly and minutely noted, and the number of cases formerly condemned to amaurosis is very much diminished. Formerly, if a patient was unable to see, and the physician equally unable to state why he could not see, the diagnosis was almost invariably amaurosis. The action of the muscles of the eyeball, and their diseases, are very fully discussed. The article on strabismus is not quite as satisfactory as we had hoped to have found it. The operation for squint is here recommended without the use of an anæsthetic, but the editors very properly suggest that it is commonly used. The author somewhat surprises us by stating that binocular vision after strabotomy is comparatively infrequently attained. In recommending the postponement of an operation for strabismus until puberty, he differs materially from most American surgeons, who place much stress on operating during childhood. The advancement of the internal rectus muscle for divergent squint is fully considered. On the whole, enough is said in this section to teach any surgeon of moderate ability to perform the operation for squint with tolerable success. The subject is undoubtedly as yet very imperfectly understood, it being one of the most difficult problems an eye surgeon is called upon to solve. The translator's appendix, on "lateral illumination and the ophthalmoscope," is timely-the subjects not being directly treated of in the body of the book. Jaeger's test types are inserted in the latter part of the |