booklet which they publish giving the speeches, songs and the rest at their Annual Banquet. There is nearly always something of interest to be gained from its pages, besides the exhilarating laudations of Ireland. This year, the 157th, we noted, in the speech of Mr. Isaac R. Pennypacker, a detail or two of folk-lore and folk-experience. After mentioning that Philadelphia boasts the oldest medical school in the country ("it took Harvard many years to attain the Philadelphia standard," the Dean of the Harvard Medical School had acknowledged a few years ago), Mr. Pennypacker told how, across the mountain ranges years ago the principal doctor of medicine was a man who, going off for the day tacked on his door the notice: "Gon too day; Bak too nite "-the ingenuous orthography of which lost him his practice, for he lived in a region of expert spellers trained in spellingbees. In that same region lived a lady, who was in possession of the favourite soup stone for miles around, and was required to lend it to neighbours when they were minded to make soup. The speaker remarked that that soupmaking process harked back to one of Aesop's fables." He mentioned as another paradox in the life of Pennsylvania-so highly civilized yet with so wild a background -that he had talked with men who, in the

66

Pennsylvanian mountains, had been chased by packs of wolves.

THE July number of Scottish Notes and Queries contains the second instalment of Mr. David Grewar's 'The Gold Fields of Scotland.' Queen Elizabeth is said to have received from Sir Bevis Bulmer a porringer made entirely of gold taken from a Scottish river, which she counted among her most treasured possessions. The quantity of gold obtained in Scotland during the reign of James V-and Mr. Grewar quotes the statement that nearly the whole of the gold coinages of Scotland were minted out of the native metal "-has been estimated at £200,000. In Sutherland, in 1869, a nugget of gold weighing 2 oz. was found at the Suisgill Burn, and there ensued a rush to the diggings; but the licences and royalties imposed by Government reduced profits to nil, and operations were closed. Wales, in the earlier nineteen-sixties, had its gold-rush, when the Clogan mine, near Barmouth, yielded £6,000 in one year. We are reminded that the wedding-rings of Princess Mary and the Duchess of York were made of Welsh gold.

we think, have special interest for our readers. One is the Rev. James Wall's sketch of University Life after 1790'-Cambridge of those days, with reminiscences of Henry Gunning, and a handful of witty sayings of our own time to show that we are not altogether so dull as we are said to be. The next is Mr. Arthur Jose's sketch of the strange career of "Louis de Rougemont"; and the last, and best, the experiences of a handful of shipwrecked men cast on Bird Island and St. Juan de Nuovo (Farquhar Islands) in the year 1855, told by one of them -the late Sir Edward Ross-then a boy of eighteen, who, in the St. Abbs had been on his way to India.

Two Hundred Years Ago.

From the London Journal, Saturday, July 13, 1728.

The Monument erected in WeftminsterAbbey, in Memory of Mr. Samuel Butler, Author of Hudibras, having been at first fet up in an inconvenient Place, was laft Week removed, and fix'd higher on one Side, parallel with that of Ben Johnson.

Her Grace the Dutchefs Dowager of Marlborough was prefent in the Quakers MeetingHoufe in Devon fhire-Square on Tuefday Morning, at the Wedding of Mr. Jofeph Freame to Mrs. Ann Ofgood. And her Grace dined that Day at the White-Lyon Tavern in Cornhill.

On Tuesday laft Mr. Alderman Parfons made a fumptuous Entertainment, at his Houfe at Ryegate in Surrey, for the Company of Merchants of the Staple of England, of which he was lately chofen Mayor.

[Wednesday] Night, as Sir William Woolfley of Woolfley-Hall in Staffordshire was returning home in his Coach, the Waters of the Mill upon Long-Brook, 3 Miles from Litchfield was fo fwelled with the Violence of the Rain, that juft as his Coach was got into the Water, the Mill-Dam unhappily blew up, and the Water roll'd down with fuch Force as carried all before it, and overfet the Coach with Sir William in it, and himself, his Footman, and four Mares that drew the Coach, were all drowned; the Coachman faved himfelf by catching hold of an Appletree. is fucceeded in Dignity and an Estate of 26001. per. Ann. by his Brother, now Sir Richard Woolfley.

He

distinguished writer, and authority on Fox

Notes.

BERKELEY HUNTING PAPERS,

1559-1613.

THE following series of extracts from account books in Berkeley Castle are a record, mainly, of expenditure on hunting, horses, and hounds.

Their chief interest

They include also all similar references relating to hawking. from the point of view of hunting history probably lies in the very varied information they give on the cost of almost everything in connection with the maintenance of a hunting establishment, from the shoeing of a horse to the final reckoning at the end of a buckhunting tour. This lavish detail is best seen perhaps, in the farrier's bills, where every horse that passed through his hands is mentioned by name, or, if without a name, by colour, age, sex, and in some cases even by his defects. In addition, these details of Henry Lord Berkeley's hunting tours include the names of each park he hunted in, and their owners, as well as the number of bucks killed, and the fees paid for each. movements can thus be traced from Kingswood Chase (now a Bristol suburb, and of which he was ranger and keeper by purchase), through Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, Leicestershire, Northamptonshire, Yorkshire, Buckinghamshire, and so on to the outskirts of London. The accounts mention payments to the Keepers of St. James Park, and "Maribone" Park, from which it may be surmised that he hunted there also; and we know from a contemporary authority (Smyth, the historian of the Berkeleys) that he hunted in Lincolns Inn fields, and Highgate, from his mother's house in Shoe Lane.

His

It is remarkable that the country in which he habitually hunted the buck embraced what is now the most famous tract of Fox-hunting country in England, namely: the Berkeley, Beaufort, V.W.H., Quorn, Pytchley, Cottesmore. Whaddon Chase, etc., to name only a few Hunts.

The tradition that the Berkeleys hunted the country between Gloucestershire and London has been quoted often enough by sporting writers to adorn a tale, but, so far, without evidence to support it. Doubt has been cast on the authenticity of this tradition recently by a

declared his disbelief in it. It is true, the tradition is usually invoked in relation to the early days of fox-hunting. Be that as it may, we have in these sixteenth and seventeenth century records, substantial proof of it, which lend it an added interest by reason of their antiquity.

From early manhood Henry Berkeley's home was Caludon House, near Coventry. From this centre he lived, moved and had his being in what must have been one of the happiest buck was with him an obsession, and his hunting grounds in England. Hunting the great revenue was expended, in great part, on this, and kindred pursuits. He was still hunting in his eightieth year, and killed his last brace of buck at Saperton, Gloucestershire, on Aug. 13, 1613. He died in the following November. His account books, covering a period of twenty years, from 1562 to 1582, are unfortunately missing, and the only records of his hunting activities that remain of this period are contained in the clerk of the kitchen's ledger at Caludon : August 2nd 1585.

This day after breakfast my Lord with VII men rode into Gloucestershire to hunte the buck.

Nov. 12. For ᎩᎾ hawkes.

Itm pd

to Guy good for 7 payr of hawks bells 4/and to hime for met for his hawkes in London for 6 dayes 9d. and for his bord wages there for 7 dayes 7/- and for his horsemeat for the like time 7/- paid to him for mending of my Lords Crossbow 2/- and for a mold for his hand gowne 1/8 in all 1.2.5 1562. Paid at Bristowe the 26 daye of maye for 2 Shurtes for Arden the huntsman at 2/4. Paid the same time for a dublet cloth of Canvas and for lyning to 7/8 lyne the same dublet Paid to Ardens Wyeff uppon a reconinge for the keping of my Lordes Houndes at

his house

1582.

40/

Money laide out and pd by me* Anthonie
Huntley for and to the use of the Right
Honourable Henry Lord Barkley my
Lorde and Master [at Berkeley Castle.]

June 3. Paid unto Thomas Brigs for goeing to Gloucr. with prisoners which were taken hunting in Michwoode 1/8 Paid unto John Banckner for goeing 3 daies with Brigs to Gloucester to Mr. Lusye to get one of my lords mares covered after 4d. a day for his wages 1/July 9th. Paid unto Gui Goode to by mete for my lordes houndes as may apeare 1. 0. 11 20. the twentieth day of July Thomas Brigs was hurte verie sore in taking up my lords horses. unto the Surgyn Tovey for dressing him 2/-, for parmecetie 2d. to Mr. Parkham for his advice and other things 2/- & a pint of Sacke 31⁄2d. 24. Sent Lord my those horses hereafter named. Grey Guy, Grey Auconburie, ambling and trotting Auconburie, Gray Curtol, Gray Harvie, White Porter, Bay Davis, Baye Whilde, The Irish Hobby, Trotting Trotman, being tenn in the whole and my Lorde did send me money for theyr charges and for theyr showing.

up

4/5

Aug. 31. Aug. 31. Pd. unto Langham for the meate of 2 geldings that is to say baye laurence and gray laurence 3 dayes appointed to go to Coventrē being verie fatt after 10d. a daie apeece to my Lorde 5/Sept. 6... removed my Lordes geldings and

Anthony Huntley, gent., high steward of the estates in Gloucestershire.

It soulde one gelding of my Lordes being verie lame these two yeares called Frecle Pencridget by my Lordes letter at St. Jams faire at Bristow for 1. 13. 4 Soulde unto Thomas Boulton one other gelding called Baye Pencrge which was broken winded verie Sore for 3.0.0 Soulde one other dunish mare which came from Auconburie as it is saide which Richarde Bates brought downe from LonIdon whiche Stumbled verie muche for 2.6.8

1592. Februarie 3. Itm geven to a poore man that had a lamb killed by my Lordes houndes 2/Itm to the huntsman for 2 horses bought of Taunt 1/6 dogsmeat Itm pd. to ffreeman viz. for drinke for Dunn and the Baye 4d. a drinke for Robbin and for dressing my horses at Newmant @ 1/

"

Februarie 3. Itm paid to Guy upon his bill viz. for pijions 7/4 for 72lb. of lead to kill hawksmeat 6/- for 2lb. of gunn powder 2/8, for mending of the gunn 2/for a dog skin to make rests and leaces for hawkes 1/- and for silke to worke the rests 4d. İtm paid for thatching the dogkennel 2/4 Itm for showing of Jonas nag all the somer 1/10. Itm to Guy for his charges and his horse coming up and downe and coming up againe being seven daies 15/- Itm for his boyes chardges coming up with the hawkes 4/- Itm paid for 2 paire of bells 1/8 Itm for one ell of canvas 1/- Itm for Sugar Candie 4d. Itm for flannel and casting 2d.

45/6 Hawkesmeat

2/5 forreyne payments

Itm pd. to Allcocke for mending a leaden collar for one of the houndes 4d.

Itm paid to William the Sadler viz. for mending 4 bridles and 1 strap @ 4d. Itm for 4 buckles to mend a headstall and raynes @ 4d. Itm for mending 4 headstalls @ 2d. Itm. for a new panell for one of my Lo Sadells 1/6 for 3 strops for ye great Bus sadle 3d. for 3 strops more 3d. for stuffing a sadle 2d. for a headstall and raynes to break the colts with 1/6 Itm for another headstall and raynes 1/- Itm for 3 dozen of girthes

* This animal's complaint is diagnosed as 'quidders."

So called from Penkridge Fair, where he was bought..

Newnham Paddocks.

Itm paide for 40lb. of lead for to kill hawksmeat

3/4

4/8

June 1. Itm paid to Jervis of Coventrie for 12 paire of dog cooples for houndes 4/6 Itm paid for 4 strikes [bushels] of barlie for the houndes at 1/2 the strike 3. Itm Paid to ffreeman for his chardges and his horse 2 daies coming from Berkeley to Callowden at 1/8 the daye-3/4 Itm 11 horses 2 daies at 8d.-15/8 to one pt came downe with the horses 3/4 Itm one daie to Tedbury 4d. Itm for butter for gelding the Colts 6d. Itm for 4 halters to bring downe the horses 10d.

(To be continued).

Itm

24/

G. O'F.

JOTTINGS ABOUT DR. EDMOND

HALLEY

(See cliv. 152).

THE Life of Sir William Rowan Hamilton,' vol. iii., p. 44 (Dublin, 1889), refers to some pleasantries (said to be witty and rising almost to humour) in letters from Augustus De Morgan. In a letter, under date of Sept. 13, 1858, from Hamilton to De Morgan, occur these words:

I have just been reading (thanks to your flapper Halley) the 2nd Lemma of the 2nd book of the Principia. (Ibid. p. 556).

The second lemma of the second book of the Principia contains one of the most important rules of the method of fluxions (cf. Enc. Brit.,' 11th ed., article: 'Newton,' vol. xix., p. 589, col. 2). The controversy between Newton and Leibnitz concerning the invention of fluxions, was a subject of keen interest to De Morgan.

was

One infers, that in the letter from Hamilton, above quoted, the word " flapper repeated from a previous communication from De Morgan, but there is no proof of this. If, according to Swift, a flapper ❞ is one

There is not so curious a spectacle in the history of science, as Halley and Paget appointed a Committee by the Royal Society (a unit before a cipher) to keep Mr. Newton in mind of his promise (See Cabinet Portrait Gallery of British Worthies,' vol. xii., p. 13: London, 1847).

In another letter, dated Aug. 4, 1852, to De Morgan, Sir William R. Hamilton says: This is my 47th birthday and my younger son Archibald's 17th. There was some talk of calling him Halley, as the comet was just about to appear at least his second name is Henry, of which you know the Falstaffian abridgment is Hal.Life of Sir W. R. Hamilton, vol. iii., pp. 398-9).

De Morgan, in his sketch of Halley, above quoted, says of that astronomer :

His share in the production of the Principia,' as explained in our 'Memoir of New ton,' entitles us to say that but for him, in all human probability, that work would not have been thought of, nor when thought of written, nor when written printed. (Cabinet Portrait Gallery xií., 12).

Francis Baily's 'Flamsteed' (1835) and

his Supplement' (1837), both which are in the British Museum and paginated continuously, contain some references to Halley. From the Supplement,' p. 731, footnote, Mr. Ralph J. Beevor, M.A., of St. Albans, Herts, has taken and kindly furnished the following clue to inedited material relating to Halley:

Halley's original MSS. were purchased, after his decease, by the government, in a manner similar to that in which we have seen that Flamsteed's were obtained. They are now in the Library of the Royal Observatory Greenwich. A MS. attested copy of them is deposited in the Library of the Royal Astronomical Society.

at

It is a pleasure to find one modern author using the spelling "" Edmond for Halley's Christian name (cf. Essays in illustration of the action of astral gravitation in natural phenomena,' by William Leighton Jordan, pp. 87 and 190; London: Longmans, Green, 1900).

The Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., whose fixed policy is to use the formally correct spelling of proper names, states, in a letter, dated Jan. 31, 1928, that:

The Library of Congress will adopt the spelling Edmond in the heading of entries under Halley, and when reprinting cards as occasion arises the name in headings and notes will appear in that form. In titles and quoted notes the name will be spelled as found.