Spanish Surface Measures. The unit is the fanegada which is=1.5871 acres=0.642563 hectare. The multiple being 50 fanegadas-1 yugada=79.355 acres. THREE DIMENSIONS. Cubic or Solid Measure. ume. The standard unit for mineral substances generally U.S. units of volis the cubic yard. The units of capacity are: for liquids, the gallon, and for dry measure, the bushel. measures. I cord of fire wood piled, is 8 ft. long, 4 ft. wide Miscellaneous and 4 high making 128 cub. ft. units. I chaldron of coal=57.25 cub. ft.=36 bushels. The U. S. Government Engineers generally esti- US. Engineers mate stone by the cord; sand and earth by the cubic yard; timber by the cubic foot; sawed timber, joists, planks, scantling, &c., by the superficial foot board measure, b. m. containing 144 cub. in.; and iron by the pound. A perch of masonry by quarrymen's measure is 161⁄2 ft. long, 11⁄2 ft. wide and I ft. thick=2434 cub. ft. in the pile. It is generally taken at 25 cub. ft.; The perch by quarson's measures. rymen's and ma and some times at 22 as in mason's measure where it is 161⁄2 ft. long, 16 ins. wide and 12" high measured in the wall. Least allowable Stone walls less than 16" thick are assumed to breadth 16" have that breadth in estimating workmanship. To avoid any misunderstanding it is better to express the Best units are cubic volumes in cubic yards or cords, which are becoming recognized standards in contract work instead of in perches as formerly. Measures of Capacity. yards or cords. The standard units are the Winchester bushel and Units of capacity. the wine gallon. bushel. The bushel is a cylindrical vessel 18% ins. in Dimensions, &c,of diameter and 8" deep, containing 2150.42 cubic inches or 1.24446 cub. ft. of distilled water, and weighing 543,391.89 standard grains or 77.627413 lbs. Avoirdupois. When "heaped the cone must be at least 6" high making the Heaped bushel. heaped bushel=14" struck" bushels=5 pks.=1.555 cub. ft. The relations in Dry Measure are, Notes. gallon. The gallon contains 231 cub. in. of distilled water Dimensions of the weighing 58,372.2 grains or 8.3389 lbs. avoirdupois. In Beer Measure 54 gallons make I hhd. A barrel of oil contains 42 gallons. In Massachusetts 32 gallons make a bbl. In some States 312, and in others from 28 to 32. A tierce=42 gallons and two tierces-one punch- Tierce and punch eon. eon. measure. Apothecaries divide the gallon into 8 pints; the Apothecaries liquid pint into 16 ounces; the ounce into 8 drams; and the dram into 60 minims or drops. Spanish Liquid Measures. The cantara or arroba is the unit. The arroba mayor, for wine=4.079 gals.=15.44 litres. The arroba menor, for oil=3.186 gals.=12.06 litres. The fanega, the unit is=1.5551 bushs.=54.8 litres. Ochavillos. Racious. Quartillos. Medios. Almudes. Fanegas Cahiz. U. S. bushels. The standard unit of weight is the pound avoir- Units of weight. dupois; the only legalized unit is the pound Troy. Notes. The ton of 2240 lbs. known as the old or long ton Old and new ton. is the standard used at the custom houses of the U. S. Govern. ment but the short ton is now the one intended unless otherwise specified. Iron is sold by the long ton. pound equivalents. The avoirdupois pounds of Great Britain and the U. S. and British U. S. are equal to each other and to the weight of 27.7015 cub. inches of distilled water at its max. density-barometer 30 ins.volume (3.0258 ins. 3). The pound Troy, in both the U. S. and Great Pound equivalent. Britain, is equal to the weight of 22.7944 cub. inches of distilled water-barometer 30". It is used in weighing precious metals. The apothecary pound is the same as that in Troy Pound equivalent. weight, the only difference in the table being in the subdivisions of the unit. |