All which amount to 72124 persons; which number is not so great, considering the long siege, sickness, and the cold winters upon the sea coast, in so cold a climate, fighting against the elements. It is unknown what number died in the town, the which is thought much less, for that there were not so many in the town, and they were better lodged, had more ease, and were better victualled."- GRIMESTONE'S Hist. of the Netherlands, p. 1317. "The besieged in Ostend had certain adventuring soldiers whom they called Lopers, of the which, among other captains, were the young captain Grenu, and captain Adam Van Leest. Their arms which they bore were a long and great pike, with a flat head at the neather end thereof, to the end that it should not sink too deep into the mud, a harquebuse hung in a scarf, as we have said of Frebuters, a coutelas at his side, and his dagger about his neck, who would usually leap over a ditch four and twenty foot broad, skirmishing often with his enemy so as no horseman could overtake them before they had leapt over the ditches againe." - - Ibid. 1299. "In remembrance of the long siege of Ostend, and the winning of Sluce, there were certaine counters made in the United Provinces, both of silver and copper, the one having on the one side the picture of Ostend, and on the other the towns of Rhinberg, Grave, Sluce, Ardenbourg, and the forts of Isendyke and Cadsant, with this inscription round about. Plus triennio obsessa, hosti rudera, patriæ quatuor ex me urbes dedi. Anno 1604.' Ostend being more than three years besieged, gave the enemie a heap of stones, and to her native country four townes. "The town of Utrecht did also make a triumphant piece of coyne both of gold and silver, where on the one side stood the siege of Ostend, and on the other the siege of Sluce, and all the forts and havens, and on both sides round about was graven, 'Jehovah prius dederat plus quam perdidimus.'" Many a rich vessel, from the injurious sea, Enter the bosom of thy quiet quay. - I. 12, p. 750. These lines are borrowed from Quarles; the passage in which they occur would be very pleasing if he had not disfigured it in a most extraordinary manner. 'Saile gentle Pinnace! now the heavens are clear, QUARLES's Argalus & Parthenia. Bruges. — I, 14, p. 750. Urbs est ad miraculum pulchra, potens, amena, says Lain Guicciardini. Its power is gone by, but its beauty is perhaps more impressive now than in the days of its splendor and prosperity. M. Paquet Syphorien, and many writers after him, mention the preservation of the monuments of Charles the Bold, and his daughter Mary of Burgundy, wife to the Archduke Masimilian; but they do not mention the name of the Beadle whe preserved them at the imminent risk of his own life. Piem Dezitter is this person's name. During the revolutionary frenzy, when the mob seemed to take most pleasure in destroying whatever was most venerable, he took these splenid tombs to pieces and buried them during the night, for which he was proscribed and a reward of 2000 francs set upon a head. Bonaparte, after his marriage into the Austrian family, rewarded him with 1000 francs, and gave 10,000 for ormmenting the chapel in which the tombs were replaced. The has been done with little taste. .. that sisterhood whom to their rule Of holy life no hasty vows restrain. — I. 31, p. 751. The Beguines. Helyot is mistaken when he says (t. viši. p. §) that the Beguinage at Mechlin is the finest in all Flanders; it is not comparable to that at Ghent, which for extent and beauty may be called the Capital of the community. Alost, Where whilome treachery stain'd the English name. I. 41, p. 752. In 1583, "the English garrison of Alost being mutinied for their pay, the Ganthois did not only refuse to give it them, but did threaten to force them out, or else to famish them. In the mean time the Prince of Parma did not let slip this opportunity to make his profit thereby, but did solicit them by fair words and promises to pay them; and these English companies, cot accustomed to endure hunger and want, began to give ear unte him, for that their Colonel Sir John Norris and the States were somewhat slow to provide for their pay, for the which they intended to give order, but it was too late. For after that the English had chased away the rest of the garrison which were of the country, then did Captain Pigot, Vincent, Tailor, and others, agree to deliver up the town unto the Spaniard, giving them for their pay, which they received, thirty thousand pistolets. And so the said town was delivered unto the Spaniard in the beginning of December, and filled with Wallons. Most of these English went to serve the Prince of Parma in his camp before Eckloo, but finding that he trusted them not, they ran in a manner all away."- GRIMESTONE, 833. It is one proof of the improved state of general feeling in the more civilized states of Europe, that instances of this kind of treachery have long since ceased even to be suspected. During the long wars in the Netherlands, nothing was more common than for officers to change their party, considering war as a mere profession, in which their services, like those of a lawyer, were for the best bidder. Then saw we Afflighem, by ruin rent. — I. 42, p. 752. This magnificent Abbey was destroyed during the Revolation, -an act of popular madress which the people in its vicinity now spoke of with unavailing regret. The library was at one time the richest in Brabant ; “ celeberrima,” Luigi Guicciardini calls it, "adeo quidem, ut quod ad libros antiquos habeatur pro locupletissima simul et laudatissima universa istius tractus." The destruction of books during the Revolution was deplorably great. A bookseller at Brussels told me he had himself at one time sent off five and twenty wagon-loads for waste paper, and sold more than 100,000lb. weight for the same purpose! In this manner were the convent-libraries destroyed. The a in Gubernator has been left out, either by the mistake of the workmen, or for want of room. Carlos II. of Spain, one of the most wretched of men, married for his first wife Marie Louise, Lewis the Fourteenth's niece. A curious instance of the public anxiety that she should produce an heir to the throne is preserved by Florez in his Memorias de las Reynas Catholicas. When she had been married two years without issue, this strange epigram, if so it may be called, was circulated. Parid bella Flor de Lis En affliccion tan estrana: Si paris, paris d Espana, Si no paris, à Paris. Florez describes the dress of the bride at her espousals: it was a robe of murray velvet embroidered with fleurs de lys of gold trimmed with ermine and jewels, and with a train of seven ells long; the princesses of the blood had all long trains, but not so long, the length being according to their proximity to the throne. The description of a Queen's dress accorded well with the antiquarian pursuits of Florez; but it is amusing to observe some of the expressions of this laborious writer, a monk of the most rigid habits, whose life was spent in severe study, and in practices of mortification. In her head-dress, he says, she wore porcelain pins which supported large diamonds, -y convertian en cielo aquel poco de tierra; and at the ball after the espousals, el Christianissimo danzó con la Catholica. These appellations sound almost as oddly as Messrs. Bogue and Bennett's description of St. Paul in a minuet, and Timothy at a card-table. This poor Queen lived eight years with a husband whose mind and body were equally debilitated. Never were the miseries of a mere state-marriage more lamentably exemplified. In her last illness, when she was advised to implore the prayers of a personage who was living in the odor of sanctity for her recovery, she replied, Certainly I will not; — it would be folly plain tablets by the soldier's hand Raised to his comrades in a foreign land. — - III. 7, p. 753. The inscriptions in the church are as follows: Sacred Lt. Col. Edward Stables Sir Francis D'Oyley, K. C. B. William Miller William Henry Milner Capt. Robert Adair Edward Grose Ensign Edward Pardoe James Lord Hay the Hon. S. S. P. Barrington of his Britannic Majesty's The Officers of the Sacred to the memory of Lieutenant-Colonel Fitz Gerald, of the Second Regiment of Life Guards of his Britannic Majesty, who fell gloriously at the battle of La Belle Alliance, near this town, on the 18th of June, 1815, in the 41st year of his life, deeply and deservedly regretted by his family and friends. To a manly loftiness of soul he united all the virtues that could render him an ornament to his profession, and to private and social life. Aux manes du plus vertueux des hommes, généralement estimé et regretté de sa famille et de ses amis, le Lieutenant-Colonel Fitz Gerald, de la Gard du Corps de sa Majesté Britannique, tué glorieusement à la bataille de la Belle Alliance, le 18 June, 1815. R. I. P. The word is thus misspelt. The youth proved worthy of his destined crown. Lord Uxbridge's leg is buried in a garden opposite to the inn, A man at Les Quatre Bras, who spoke with the usual esor rather public-house, at Waterloo. The owner of the house thusiasm of the Prince of Orange's conduct in the campaign, in which the amputation was performed considers it as a relic declared that he fought "like a devil on horseback." Lockwhich has fallen to his share. He had deposited it at first being at a portrait of the Queen of the Netherlands, a lady obhind the house; but as he intended to plant a tree upon the served that there was a resemblance to the Prince; a young spot, he considered, that as the ground there was not his own Fleming was quite angry at this, he could not bear that his property, the boys might injure or destroy the tree, and there-hero should not be thought beautiful as well as brave. fore he removed the leg into his own garden, where it lies in a proper sort of coffin, under a mound of earth about three or four feet in diameter. A tuft of Michaelmas daisies was in blossom upon this mound when we were at Waterloo; but this was a temporary ornament: in November the owner meant to plant a weeping willow there. He was obliging enough to give me a copy of an epitaph which he had prepared, and which, he said, was then in the stone-cutter's hands. It is as follows: Ci est enterrée la Jambe de l'illustre, brave, et vaillant Comte Urbridge, Lieutenant-Général, Commandant en Chef la Cavalerie Anglaise, Belge, et Hollandoise; blessé le 18 Juin, 1815, a la mémorable bataille de Waterloo; qui par son héroisme a concouru au triomphe de la cause du Genre humain, glorieusement decidée par l'éclatante victoire du dit jour. When Marlborough here, victorious in his might, Genappe.-IV. 12, p. 757. At the Roy d'Espagne, where we were lodged, Wellingto had his head-quarters on the 17th, Bonaparte on the 1st, and Blucher on the 19th. The coachmen had told us that it was an assez bon auberge; but when one of them in the moming asked how we had passed the night, he observed that no one ever slept at Genappe,- -it was impossible, because of the continual passing of posts and coal-carts. The Cross Roads. — IV. 24, p. 758. It is odd that the inscription upon the directing-post st Les Quatre Bras, (or rather boards, for they are fastened against a house,) should be given wrongly in the account of the campaign printed at Frankfort. The real directions are, de pte ver St. Douler de pte ver Genappe de pte ver Frasne, A detachment of the French was intrenched at Waterloo Chapel, August, 1705, when the Duke of Marlborough advanced to attack the French army at Over Ysche, and this de-spelt in this manner, and ill cut. I happened to copy it in a tachment was destroyed with great slaughter. (Echard's Gaz-mood of superfluous minuteness. ettcer.) The Sieur La Lande says, "on donne la chasse à un parte François qui étoit à Waterloo." Marlborough was prevented by the Deputies of the States from pursuing his advantage, and attacking the enemy, at a time when he made sure of victory. -Hist. de l'Empereur Charles VI. t. ii. p. 90. The peasant who led us over the field resided at this hamlet. Mont St. Jean was every thing to him, and his frequent exclamations of admiration for the courage of the Highlanders in particular, and indeed of the whole army, always ended with a reference to his own dwelling-place: "if they had not fought so well, Oh mon Dieu, Mont St. Jean would have been burnt." This was an intelligent man, of very impressive countenance and manners. Like all the peasantry with whom we conversed, he spoke with the bitterest hatred of Bonaparte, as the cause of all the slaughter and misery he had witnessed, and repeatedly expressed his astonishment that he had not been put to death. My house, said he, was full of the woundedit was nothing but sawing off legs, and sawing off arms. Oh my God, and all for one man! Why did you not put him to death? I myself would have put him to death with my own hand. Small theatre for such a tragedy. -III. 17, p. 754. So important a battle perhaps was never before fought within so small an extent of ground. I computed the distance be A fat and jolly Walloon, who inhabited this corner house, ate his dinner in peace at twelve o'clock on the 16th, and was driven out by the balls flying about his ears at four the same day. This man described that part of the action which took place in his sight, with great animation. He was particularly impressed by the rage, the absolute fury which the French displayed; they cursed the English while they were fighting, and cursed the precision with which the English grape-shot was fired, which, said the man, was neither too high nor too low, but struck right in the middle. The last time that a British army had been in this place, the Duke of York slept in this man's bed,- - an event which the Walloon remembered with gratitude as well as pride, the Duke having given him a Louis d'or. O wherefore have ye spared his head accursed! — IV. 36, p. 759. Among the peasantry with whom we conversed this feeling was universal. We met with many persons who disliked the union with Holland, and who hated the Prussians, but none who spoke in favor or even in palliation of Bonaparte. The manner in which this ferocious beast, as they call him, has been treated, has given a great shock to the moral feelings of mankind. The almost general mode of accounting for it on the Continent, is by a supposition that England purposely let him loose from Elba in order to have a pretext for again attacking France, and crippling a country which she had left too strong, and which would soon have outstripped her in prosperity. I found it impossible to dispossess even men of sound judgment and great ability of this belief, preposterous as it is; and when they read the account of the luxuries which have been sent to St. Helena for the accommodation of this great criminal, they will consider it as the fullest proof of their opinion. And now they felt the Prussian's heavy hand. — IV. 42, p. 759. Wherever we went we heard one cry of complaint against the Prussians, except at Ligny, where the people had witnessed only their courage and their sufferings. This is the effect of making the military spirit predominate in a nation. The conduct of our men was universally extolled; but it required years of exertion and severity before Lord Wellington brought the British army to its present state of discipline. The moral discipline of an army has never perhaps been understood by any General, except the great Gustavus. Even in its best state, with all the alleviations of courtesy and honor, with all the correctives of morality and religion, war is so great an evil, that to engage in it without a clear necessity is a crime of the blackest dye. When the necessity is clear, (and such, assuredly, I hold it to have been in our struggle with Bonaparte,) it then becomes a crime to shrink from it. What I have said of the Prussians relates solely to their conduct in an allied country; and I must also say that the Prussian officers with whom I had the good fortune to associate, were men who in every respect did honor to their profession and to their country. But that the general conduct of their troops in Belgium had excited a strong feeling of disgust and indignation we had abundant and indisputable testimony. In France they had old wrongs to revenge, and forgiveness of injuries is not among the virtues which are taught in camps. The annexed anecdotes are reprinted from one of our newspapers, and ought to be preserved. PART II. The Martyr.-I. 43, p. 762. Sir Thomas Brown writes upon this subject with his usual feeling. "We applaud not," says he, "the judgment of Machiavel, that Christianity makes men cowards, or that, with the confidence of but half dying, the despised virtues of patience and humility have abased the spirits of men, which pagan principles exalted; but rather regulated the wildness of audacities in the attempts, grounds and eternal sequels of death, wherein men of the boldest spirit are often prodigiously temerarious. Nor can we extenuate the valor of ancient martyrs, who contemned death in the uncomfortable scene of their lives, and in their decrepit martyrdoms did probably lose not many months of their days, or parted with life when it was scarce worth living. For (beside that long time past holds no consideration unto a slender time to come) they had no small disadvantage from the constitution of old age, which naturally makes men fearful, and complexionally superannuated from the bold and courageous thoughts of youth and fervent years. But the contempt of death from corporal animosity promoteth not our felicity. They may sit in the Orchestra and noblest seats of Heaven who have held up shaking hands in the fire, and humanly contended for glory." — Hydriotaphia, 17. In purple and in scarlet clad, behold The Harlot sits, adorned with gems and gold! The homely but scriptural appellation by which our fathers were wont to designate the Church of Rome has been delicately softened down by later writers. I have seen her somewhere called the Scarlet Woman, -and Helen Maria Wil Let me here offer a suggestion in defence of Voltaire. Is it not probable, or rather can any person doubt, that the écrasez l'infame, upon which so horrible a charge against him has been raised, refers to the Church of Rome, under this well-known designation? No man can hold the principles of Voltaire in stronger abhorrence than I do,—but it is an act of justice to exculpate him from this monstrous accusation. "A Prussian Officer, on his arrival at Paris, particularly requested to be billeted on the house of a lady inhabiting the Fauxbourg St. Germain. His request was complied with, and on his arriving at the lady's hotel, he was shown into a small but comfortable sitting-room, with a handsome bedchamber adjoining it. With these rooms he appeared greatly dissatisfied, and desired that the lady should give up to him her apartment, (on the first floor,) which was very spacious, and very elegantly furnished. To this the lady made the strongest objections; but the Officer insisted, and she was under the necessity of retiring to the second floor. He after-liams names her the Dissolute of Babylon. wards sent a message to her by one of her servants, saying that he destined the second floor for his Aid-de-Camp, &c. &c. This occasioned more violent remonstrances from the lady, but they were totally unavailing, and unattended to by the Officer, whose only answer was, 'obéissez à mes ordres.' He then called for the cook, and told him he must prepare a handsome dinner for six persons, and desired the lady's butler to take care that the best wines the cellar contained should be forthcoming. After dinner he desired the hostess should be sent for; she obeyed the summons. The Officer then addressed her, and said, 'No doubt, Madam, but you consider my conduct as indecorous and brutal in the extreme.' 'I must confess,' replied she, that I did not expect such treatnient from an officer; as, in general, military men are ever "Political chimeras," says Count Stolberg, "are innumedisposed to show every degree of deference and respect to our rable; but the most chimerical of all is the project of imagining You think me then a most perfect barbarian? answer that a people deeply sunk in degeneracy are capable of reme frankly. If you really, then, desire my undisguised covering the ancient grandeur of freedom. Who tosses the opinion of the subject, I must say, that I think your conduct bird into the air after his wings are clipped? So far from retruly barbarous.' Madam, I am entirely of your opinion; storing it to the power of flight, it will but disable it more." but I only wished to give you a specimen of the behavior-Travels, iii. 139. and conduct of your son, during six months that he resided in my house, after the entrance of the French army into the Prussian capital. I do not, however, mean to follow a bad example. You will resume, therefore, your apartment tomorrow, and I will seek lodgings at some public hotel.' The lady then retired, extolling the generous conduct of the Prussian officer, and deprecating that of her son." sex.' "Another Prussian officer was lodged at the house of Marshal Ney, in whose stables and coach-house he found a great number of horses and carriages. He immediately ordered some Prussian soldiers, who accompanied him, to take away nine of the horses and three of the carriages. Ney's servants violently remonstrated against this proceeding, on which the Prussian officer observed, They are my property, inasmuch as your master took the same number of horses and carriages from me when he entered Berlin with the French army.' I think you will agree with me, that the lex talionis was never more properly nor more justly resorted to." For till the sons their fathers' faults repent, the lark III. 19, p. 765 Pour'd forth her lyric strain. III. 33, p. 766. The epithet lyric, as applied to the lark, is borrowed from one of Donne's poems. I mention this more particularly for the purpose of repairing an accidental omission in the notes to Roderick; it is the duty of every poet to acknowledge all his obligations of this kind to his predecessors. XXI. Some love no equals, some superiors scorn, One seeks more worlds, and this will Helen have; This covets gold, with divers faces borne, These humors reign, and lead men to their grave; Whereby for bayes and little wages we Ruin ourselves to raise up tyranny. XXII. And as when winds among themselves do jar, XXIII. Yet are not people's errors ever free From guilt of wounds they suffer by the war; Never did any public misery Rise of itself: God's plagues still grounded are On common stains of our humanity; And to the flame which ruineth mankind Man gives the matter, or at least gives wind. A Treatie of Warres. The extract which follows, from the same author, bears as directly upon the effects of the military system as if it had been written with a reference to Bonaparte's government. The thoughtful reader will perceive its intrinsic value, through its difficult language and uncouth versification. LIX. Let us then thus conclude, that only they Whose end in this world is the world to come, Whose hearts' desire is that their desires may Measure themselves by Truth's eternal doom, Can in the War find nothing that they prize, Who in the world would not be great or wise. LX. With these, I say, War, Conquest, Honor, Fame, Stand (as the world) neglected or forsaken, Like Error's cobwebs, in whose curious frame She only joys and mourns, takes and is taken; In which these dying, that to God live thus, Endure our conquests, would not conquer us. LXI. Where all states else that stand on power, not grace, And gage desire by no such spiritual measure, Make it their end to reign in every place, To war for honor, for revenge and pleasure; Thinking the strong should keep the weak in awe, And every inequality give law. LXII. These serve the world to rule her by her arts, Their wealth, strength, glory, growing from those hearts The more remote from God the less remorse ; LXIII. These make the Sword their judge of wrong and right, And in this sphere, this wilderness of evils, A Treatie of Warres. They had the Light, and from the Light they turn'd. IV. 12, p. 768. "Let no ignorance," says Lord Brooke, "seem to excuse mankind; since the light of truth is still near us, the tempter and accuser at such continual war within us, the laws that guide so good for them that obey, and the first shape of every sin so ugly, as whosoever does but what he knows, or forbeas what he doubts, shall easily follow nature unto grace." "God left not the world without information from the be ginning; so that wherever we find ignorance, it must be charged to the account of man, as having rejected, and not to that of his Maker, as having denied, the necessary means d instruction." HORNE'S Considerations on the Life of St. Jim the Baptist. Subsequent events give to some of these adulatory strains an interest which they would else have wanted. Napoléon, objet de nos hommages, Et Josephine, objet non moins aimé, In some stanzas, called Les Trois Bateaur, upon the vessels in which Alexander and Bonaparte held their conferences before the Peace of Tilsit, the following prophecy is introduced, with a felicity worthy of the Edinburgh Review:Tremble, tremble, fière Albion! Guidé par d'heureuses étoiles, Ces généreux bateaux, exempts d'ambition, The Grand Napoléon is the Enfan cheri de Mars et d'Apollon, Qu'aucun revers ne peut abattre. Here follows part of an Arabic poem by Michael Sabbag, addressed to Bonaparte on his marriage with Marie Louise, and printed, with translations in French prose and German verse, in the first volume of the Fundgruben des Orients:— "August Prince, whom Heaven has given us for Sovereign, and who holdest among the greatest monarchs of thy age the same rank which the diadem holds upon the head of Kings, "Thou hast reached the summit of happiness, and by thine invincible courage hast attained a glory which the mind of man can scarcely comprehend; "Thou hast imprinted upon the front of time the remembrance of thine innumerable exploits in characters of light, one of which alone suffices with its brilliant rays to enlighten the whole universe. "Who can resist him who is never abandoned by the assistance of Heaven, who has Victory for his guide, and whose course is directed by God himself? "In every age Fortune produces a hero who is the pearl of his time; amidst all these extraordinary men thou shinest like an inestimable diamond in a necklace of precious stones. "The least of thy subjects, in whatever country he may be, is the object of universal homage, and enjoys thy glory, the splendor of which is reflected upon him. "All virtues are united in thee, but the justice which regulates all thy actions would alone suffice to immortalize thy |