or where, or why he was burned, none of which points are very clearly set forth in Fox's narrative, we will suppose that he suffered under the Act.-Fox, V. 440,-and somewhat improved, Burnet, I.

285.

(5) Spencer, (6) Ramsey, (7) Hewet.-" About the same time," says Fox, referring, I suppose, to the untold time when Mekins suffered, "also a certain priest was burned at Salisbury, who, leaving his papistry had married a wife, and became a player in interludes, with one Ramsey and Hewet, which three were all condemned and burned; against whom, and especially against Spencer, was laid matter concerning the sacrament of the altar. He suffered at Salisbury."-Fox, V. 443. This is all the account. Short as it is, Burnet has prudently abridged it to, "Three others were also burned at Salisbury, upon the same statute, one of whom was a priest." (Vol. i. p. 286.) By the time that Burnet wrote, the stage-playing would not have added to the respectability of a priest, though the priesthood might add to that of a martyr.

(8) Bernard, (9) Morton.—“About the same time," says Fox, though it does not clearly appear with what reference, "John Longland, Bishop of Lincoln burned two upon one day, the one named Thomas Bernard, and the other James Morton; the one for teaching the Lord's Prayer in English, and the other for keeping the Epistle of St. James translated into English."-Fox, V. 454. This is all the account; and however heinous these offences might seem to Bishop Longland, or any one else, it is plain that they had nothing to do with the Six Articles. Burnet only says, "Two also were burned at Lincoln in one day." (Vol. i. p. 286.) He was probably ashamed to assign so absurd a reason as that given by Fox. However we will count them in.

(10) Testwood, (11) Peerson, (12) Filmer, were burned at Windsor on July 28th, 1543; that is, rather more than four years after the Act of Six Articles had come into operation. Fox, V. 486. Strype says that they were condemned "upon the Six Articles." (Cran. I. 157.) Burnet tells us that Gardiner "moved the King in Council, that a Commission might be granted for searching suspected houses at Windsor, in which it was informed there were many books against the Six Articles." (Vol. i. p. 311.)4

*I do not understand this, though it is probable that there was such a search, and that it led to the prosecution of these persons under the Act; because, though, on the one hand, (as I have just observed with reference to the case of Morton,) it does not appear that the possession of heretical books was an offence under the Act, yet, on the other, that Act gave the fullest power to the Commissioners to search for heretical books, and destroy them. Surely there was no need for Bishop Gardiner to move the King in Council for any such Commission while the Act contained this clause: "And it is also enacted by thauctoritie abovesaid that the said Commyssioners and every of them, shall from tyme to tyme 'have full power and auctoritie by vertue of this acte to take into his or their kepinge [or] possession all and all manner of books, which bene and hath bene, or hereafter shalbe, set forth read or declared within this Realme, or other the King's Dominions, wherein is or ben conteyned or

(13) Damplip.-Fox tells us that, after one narrow escape, "the good man was again apprehended by the miserable inquisition of the Six Articles ;" and therefore it is right that I should mention him; but I apprehend that his case is sufficiently illustrated by what has been just said of the Act of Attainder in the notice of Dr. Barnes, and that whoever looks into his history will find, not that he suffered as a protestant martyr, but that he was hanged as a popish traitor. See Fox, V. 520. But let us count him.

(14) A poor labouring man was "reported" to Fox as having been burned in Calais, apparently some time before the return of Damplip.-Fox, V. 5235.

(15) Dodd, a Scotchman, suffered also at Calais about a year afterwards. His history is comprised in seven lines, which inform us that he was found to have German books, and "standing constantly to the truth that he had learned was therefore condemned to death, and there burned in the said town of Calais."-Fox, V. 524.

(16) Saxy.-"Coming now to the year of our Lord 1546," (that is seven years after the passing of the Act), Fox either affects merit, or makes apology, I really know not which, for "passing over the priest whose name was Saxy, who was hanged in the porter's lodge of Stephen Gardiner, bishop of Winchester, and that, as it is supposed, not without the consent of the said bishop, and the secret conspiracy of that bloody generation." This is all that I find about it; whether, if anything of the sort occurred, it was done by virtue of the Six Articles, the reader will judge for himself.— Fox, V. 531.

'comprised any clause article matter or sentence repugnant or contrarie 'to the tenor forme or effecte of this present acte or any of the articles conteyned in the same: And the saide Commissioners, or thre of them at the least to burne or otherwise destroy the saide books, or any parte ' of them, as unto the saide Commissioners or unto thre of them at the 'lest shalbe [thought] expedient by their discrecions."-Stat. of the Realm, vol. iii. p. 743. (See also the bottom of p. 271, forward.)

5 At p. 498 of the same volume of Mr. Seeley's (or as it might really be called the Comic) edition of Fox, this and the preceding case are crushed into one; and we read of "Adam Damlip, a poor labouring man." The unfortunate editor does not seem to have observed, that only a few lines below, on the very same page, he was editing a further account of "Adam Damlip, who had been, in time past, a great papist, and chaplain to Fisher Bishop of Rochester; and after the death of the bishop his master, had travelled through France, Dutchland and Italy." Indeed, if the editor had observed all this, it probably would not have engendered in his mind any suspicion that the man might not be quite protestant on the point of the Supremacy. But this is not the place to go into the subject of the Calais treason and troubles, on which the reader may find much interesting matter in Fox, and also in Mr. Nichols's valuable and interesting Chronicle of Calais, lately published by the Camden Society, to which I have before had occasion to refer ; and probably much more in the authorities which he indicates, but which I have not seen.

(17) One Henry and (18) his servant are also passed over by Fox in the same sentence. He merely says, "to pass over also one Henry, with his servant, burned at Colchester; I will now proceed to the story of Kerby," &c. I am not aware that in any other part of his history he gives any further explanation.

(19) Kerby, and (20) Clerke, for whose sake the two preceding martyrs are passed over in less than six lines, were apprehended at Ipswich. The former suffered at that place on the 29th, and the latter at Bury on the 31st of May, 1546. Fox, V. 530.

(21) Anne Askew suffered in the month of July in the same year 1546.-Fox, V. 537.

(22) Lacels, (23) Adams, and (24) Belenian were burned with Anne Askew. Fox, V. 550. I do not see that he gives any account of their opinions, or of the circumstances which led to their suffering. Burnet, on what authority I do not perceive, says, "they were all convicted upon the statute of the Six Articles, for denying the Corporal presence of Christ in the Sacrament."-I. 327.

(25) One Rogers, is stated by Fox to have" suffered martyrdom for the Six Articles" "much about the same year and time," (as Anne Askew I suppose) by means of Bishop Repse's influence with the Duke of Norfolk.-Fox, V. 553.

(26) John, a painter, (27) Giles Germain, (28) Launcelot one of the king's guard. Fox recollects, somewhat out of place, that "about the year of our Lord 1539" (and therefore probably before the Act of Six Articles was enforced, if, indeed, it had been passed) the two former had been "accused of heresy." The third coming in "by chance" while they were under examination, and seeming "by his countenance and gesture to favour both the cause, and the poor men," they were all three burned.-Fox, V. 654.

This is, I believe, a list of all the persons whom Fox mentions as having been condemned to death in the eight years between the passing and the repeal of the Act. If I have overlooked any, or more can be furnished from another source, I shall be glad to be informed. It is not worth while to prolong an essay already so prolix, with any additional remarks respecting the truth or the relevancy of any of the stories; or after having so long detained the reader on the subject of what the Act did not do, now to break into the important question respecting what it did. I hope in another essay to pursue this inquiry, and to show, by some observations on its origin, design, and effect, that though the law did not do what it was never meant to do, and what party writers pretend that it did, yet it was not a dead letter, but was meant to do, and actually did, a great deal.