tion must know, that the desire they have for a free house will not be easily quenched. If they cannot get land in one parish they will obtain it in another; if it is not to be procured in one district they will seek that in which it is. The attachment to certain properties and particular localities is fast dying away; the people are becoming more and more alive to their own interests; the feelings engendered and kept alive by slavery will soon be extinct, and their place will be taken by those that freedom calls into exercise and will sustain. The signs of the times tell us plainly that estate houses, mean and uncomfortable as they are, will not long be tenanted, nor will new and better ones give satisfaction; houses without rent, houses they will not be obliged to leave till they choose, are those that best suit the negro character, and soon it will be seen that the prosperity of an estate will be closely identified with a free village. Let any one who pleases to take the trouble, find out the estates that are having the present crop taken off with the greatest ease and the least expense, and they will find them to consist of those who have in their neighbourhood a free village. At such places they will find plenty, and what is more valuable, continuous labour.

"We cannot help being struck with the shortsightedness of those who refuse to sell even an acre of their unmanageable properties. Does it not stand to reason, if a labouring man builds for himself a freehold, that he would desire to reside in it? If so, then he will of course find it to be his interest to labour upon that property that is nearest to his freehold. We would advise, therefore, seeing there is a determination on the part of the peasantry to obtain land somewhere, those who know the value of continuous labour, to sell to the persons, now located upon their properties, those parts of their estates they can never use, but which would be prized by free labourers, and which will be the only way of keeping upon the spot a large body of labourers, who will find it advan tageous to themselves to take an interest in properties near to their own residence. On the other hand, if such land continues to be refused them, they will seek it in the back settlements, and being far distant from any other place where their labour will bring money, they will either become small settlers themselves, or else learn to eat and drink, and become quite indifferent whether sugar be cultivated or not.'

"I shall now only say a few words on the question,' Whether the quantity of labour in the colonies is sufficient for the present demands of the planters, and if it is likely to be sufficient in future for the same purpose?' I believe it will be allowed that the planters had sufficient hands for their work at the time of emancipation. I ask only that this should be granted me. Now, since that time, it is said that there has been a great falling off in the quantity of labour from the following circumstances. It was usual for the women, and boys and girls, of a certain age, to be employed in the fields. But now the women, many of them, spend the forenoon in washing, cooking, sewing, and taking care of their families (their proper occupation), but not all of them, and the boys and girls go to school in the forenoon, where they get the knowledge which fits them to become useful members of society. Thus half a day's labour every day is lost to the plantations, or there is half a day's work less done there than before, as far as the women and children are concerned. But it is to be observed here, that the labour of these (the women and children) is not wholly lost to the estates near which they reside, for both women and children (such of the latter as are able) generally go into the field in the afternoon; and it is to be particularly observed, also, that it is an undeniable fact that where the negro works by the piece (and this is now the general practice) he does twice more work than he did when he was a slave. It follows then from these premises, that double the work is done by the men alone in the day of that which was done by them before emancipation. Now, if we add this double work on the part of the men to the work done by the women and children together in the afternoon, it will follow that there is now as great a quantity of work done, if not greater, than in the days of slavery. Where, then, is the want of labour in our colonies? Let me now state an advantage which will arise from the great change which has taken place. Thousands of infants perished in the days of

slavery who are now saved; all accounts agree in this, that much greater numbers of children are reared than ever; most of whom, at a proper age, will go into the field; and that the population of Jamaica (to which island I have hitherto confined myself) is increasing almost beyond belief. The prospect now is, that the island would be overstocked in a few years, but for the prodigious quantity of waste land which might be cleared and cultivated. And this reminds me to ask, for what purpose, then, do the planters want labour? Not for their present estates. Is it, then, for clearing new land on speculation? We have no right to waste human life, as it would proverbially be said to be wasted, in clearing new land on the base principle of speculation."

(To be continued.)

Friendly Counsels to Female Servants, especially to those who profess to have become the servants of Christ. By Rev. ANDREW THOMSON, Junior Minister of Broughton Place Church. Edinburgh: W. Innes, and W. Mathieson. This excellent little work was originally addressed to the female servants connected with Broughton Place Congregation. It is well deserving, however, of extensive circulation, and we are happy to have it in our power warmly to recommend it to the notice of that important section of the community, whose duties, dangers, and encouragements, are set forth in it in a simple, yet elegant, pointed, and eminently practical style, admirably adapted to the subject, and to that class for whose instruction it is chiefly intended. Masters of families should take care that every domestic in their household is put in possession of a copy; and ministers of the gospel, especially in our large towns, will find it an excellent manual to place in the hands of the female servants connected with their congregations, with whom it is always inconvenient, often impossible, for them to hold frequent per

sonal intercourse.

The Scottish Ecclesiastical Register, and National Almanac, for the year 1843. Edinburgh: M. PATERSON.

This is the second year of the Scottish Ecclesiastical Register and National Almanac. When it first made its appearance, this time twelve months, we entered pretty fully into its merits, and expressed our approbation both of its plan and its execution; and now we are not disposed, as assuredly we see no reason, to alter the judgment we then pronounced, or to speak of it in less favourable terms. The variety and correctness of the information which it contains, with its cheapness and convenient size, constitute its value, and entitle it to our commendation. It is truly multum in parvo. While it possesses all the ordinary characteristics of an Almanac, and communicates the intelligence which we require and expect in such compilations, it is peculiarly full and complete as an Ecclesiastical Register. To ministers of all denominations, and to those who wish to know the exact position of the different religious bodies existing in our country, their relative strength, their distinguishing principles, and the efforts they are making for the extension of the Redeemer's kingdom, the volume will be a welcome vade тесит. All such should possess themselves of it, and they will find it a safe as well as a satisfactory guide. We have little doubt that it will approve itself to the public generally, and obtain a wide circulation.

NEW WORKS RECEIVED.

Sermons. By the late Rev. Ebenezer Temple, of Rochford, Essex : with a Biographical Sketch of the Author. By his WIDOW. London: John Snow, Death-Bed Scenes. By the Rev. ALEXANDER MOODY STEWART, A.M., Minister of St Luke's, Edinburgh. Edinburgh: John Johnstone.

"The Dwellings of Jacob,"-A Discourse. By the Rev. WILLIAM Berwick, Bell Street Chapel, Dundee. Edinburgh: M. Paterson.

Illustrations of Scripture, from the Geography, Natural History, and Manners and Customs of the East. By the late Professor GEORGE PAXTON, D.D., of Edinburgh. Third Edition, Revised and greatly Enlarged by the Rev. ROBERT JAMIESON, Minister of Currie; Author of Eastern Manners, Illustrative of the Holy Scriptures. Geography. Edinburgh : William Oliphant and Son.

SECESSIONAL INTELLIGENCE.

PRESBYTERY NOTICES.

Kilmarnock.-The Presbytery of Kilmarnock, on the 2d of November, performed the pleasant and impressive service of inducting the Rev. David T. Jamieson to the charge of the congregation of Princes Street, Kilmarnock. After this business the congregation of Galston informed the presbytery that they did not mean to prosecute farther their call to Mr Pearson, which he had declined to accept; and asked the presbytery to appoint an early meeting for receiving à petition which they had in contemplation, but which the necessary form had prevented them from having forward. The presbytery appointed a meeting for this purpose alone on the 15th November. At that meeting the presbytery received a petition from the congregation of Galston for a moderation, and granted its prayer-the moderation to take place 1st December; Mr Jamieson to preach and moderate. The ordinary meeting of presbytery was held on the 13th December, when an unanimous call was presented from Galston to Mr Thomas Mathewson, probationer, and sustained. Of this call Mr Mathewson has since signified his acceptance. Mr David Laughlan gave his exercise and additions as part of trials for license. On the occasion of Mr Jamieson's induction the old form was, of course, gone through, of asking, if he was ready to subscribe the Confession of Faith and formula when required? It was then suggested, and after some conversation, agreed to, that it would be better to have a confession and formula prepared, that every minister might actually subscribe it. The attention of the presbytery having been again called to this matter on the 13th December, it was judged preferable to subscribe the formula alone, as it embodies an adherence to the Confession with the proper explanation. And the clerk was instructed to prepare by next meeting a copy of the formula in a proper book, to be subscribed by all the ministers in the presbytery, with the following preamble to the signatures, viz.: "We, the undersigned, hereby record our affirmative answers to all the questions of the formula authorised by the United Associate Synod to be put to ministers at their ordination, with the exception of the 8th question (anent using undue means to obtain a call) to which we have answered in the negative.” Appointed next ordinary meeting of Presbytery to be at Irvine, February 14th, and agreed to devote some time at that meeting to the consideration of the Synod's remit respecting the term of preacher's probation. Appointed the south committee to take under their inspection Mr Cowieson, the only student requiring such care from the presbytery this season. Mr Brown,

who had visited Muirkirk, gave his report on the state of that station, which, considering their peculiar circumstances, was viewed as rather favourable and encouraging.

Elgin, 8th November 1842.-The United Associate Presbytery of Elgin having met, a letter was read from Rev. Robert Paterson, preacher, declining the call from Tain. Appointed the moderation of a call to take place at Nairn on the 24th instant, Mr Whyte to preach and preside. A favourable opening having occurred for the erection of a preaching station at Campbelton (Ardersier), Mr Scott was appointed to open said station on Sabbath first. Appointed next meeting to be held at Forres on the 26th December. Forres, 6th Dec. 1842.-The Presbytery having met, Mr Whyte reported that he had, according to appointment, presided in the moderation of a call at Nairn on the 24th ultimo, when Mr George J. Mackenzie was called by a large majority of votes. The call was unanimously sustained, and the clerk was instructed to require Mr M'Kenzie's intimation of acceptance or non-acceptance within a month from the time of his receiving notice of said call. The presbytery's attention having been directed at this meeting-(as well as the preceding one) to a pastoral address from the Rev. Mr Kennedy, late of Keith, now in Canada, to his late flock, tending to discourage them from connecting themselves with the now only Secession congregation of Keith, the presbytery unanimously condemned the unbecoming spirit discovered by Mr Kennedy in said address, and agreed to deal with Mr Kennedy, in reference to the part which he has acted in this matter. Appointed Messrs Lind and Simpson, to dispense the ordinance of the Lord's supper at Nairn, on the third Sabbath of this month. Appointed next meeting to be held at Elgin, on Tuesday after the second Sabbath of February.

Selkirk. The Presbytery of Selkirk met at Melrose on the 23d of November. A letter was read from Professors Mitchell and Brown, certifying Mr Daniel Douglas, student of the 1st year, in the usual manner. A letter was read from Mr John Baird, intimating that he accepted of the call tendered to him by the Second Congregation, Jedburgh, and that he intended to come forward with all his trials for ordination at the next meeting of presbytery. A petition was presented from the congregation of Lilliesleaf, agreed to by a large majority at the congregational meeting held there, by appointment of presbytery, on the 30th of October, and in which they stated that they were not satisfied with the decision of Mr Alexander Stewart, with regard to refusing their call, and, therefore, complain to the presbytery, and crave its judgment. A petition was also presented from four elders and thirty-two members, requesting the presbytery to set aside the call in accordance with Mr Stewart's refusal, of which they approved. After hearing commissioners the presbytery agreed to summon Mr Stewart to attend the next meeting of presbytery, which was appointed to be held at Selkirk on Tuesday the 20th of December, when this matter is to be taken into consideration. Mr Rankin, being present, was examined on his theological course, and afterwards, by a vote, admitted to trials for license. In compliance with a request from the session of Lilliesleaf, Mr Rutherford was appointed to dispense the Lord's Supper there on the second Sabbath of December, with such assistance as he might think proper to procure, and the clerk was directed to transfer the preacher from Lilliesleaf to Newtown on such Sabbath, as Mr Rutherford might consider most convenient.

Paisley, November 23, 1842.-The United Associate Presbytery of Paisley and Greenock met this day at Port-Glasgow, and ordained Mr William Lauder to the office of the holy ministry, and the pastoral charge of the congregation there, as colleague to their present beloved pastor, the Rev. D. Inglis.

Edinburgh, December 6, 1842.-The Presbytery of Edinburgh met this day. The meeting was chiefly occupied in hearing the discourses of students on trials for license. The Rev. Mr Glen being present, on his return from Persia, having completed the translation of the Old Testament in the Persian language, the moderator, by appointment, addressed Mr Glen, congratulating him on his safe return, and the accomplishment of his important task; when Mr Glen made a suitable reply. Some members were appointed to visit the station at Aberlady, to converse with and encourage the congregation there, and advise with them as to the seating of their place of worship. Mr Lazarus petitioned for a review of his case, as decided at last meeting; when, after consideration, it was moved that the presbytery see no cause to reverse their former deed. On the other hand, it was moved, that the presbytery delay giving a deliverance on the petition. The last motion was preferred.

Newcastle, 6th December 1842.-The presbytery met. There was read a letter from Mr James Douglas, who is called to Hartlepool, stating reasons of absence, which were sustained. Read also a letter from Mr Alexander Paterson, announcing his acceptance of the call from Smyrna congregation, Sunderland. Trusting that Messrs Douglas and Paterson would be sent to this presbytery in the beginning of January, it was agreed that they be instructed to have their trials for ordination in readiness to be given in at next meeting of the presbytery, now appointed to be held here on the 10th of January. Some circumstances, as to the stations at Jarrow and Walker, being reported as requiring adjustment, a committee was appointed to investigate the state of matters there. Resumed the consideration of union with Evangelical Presbyterians in England, consisting of those in connexion with the Church of Scotland, the Northumberland Class, and the Relief Church, and also with the Welsh Calvinistic Methodists, as recommended by Mr Browning's motion at a former meeting. Another motion was now proposed for corresponding with the other presbyteries of our association in England, as to the propriety of forming a provincial synod. After a lengthened discussion of the subject this last motion was adopted.

CALL.

On Thursday the 8th current, the United Associate Congregation, Bathgate, gave a unanimous call to Mr Andrew M'Farlane, probationer, to be their pastor. The Rev. George Hutton, of Linlithgow, presided.

ORDINATION.

Mr Walter Inglis having completed his studies as a missionary student at the Glasgow Theological Academy, has been appointed to accompany the Rev. Robert Moffat, on his return to the scene of his former labours in South Africa. His ordination took place on the evening of Tuesday, the 25th of October last, at Edinburgh, in the church of the Rev. Dr Brown, Broughton Place. This large place of worship was crowded to excess long before the hour of meeting, and hundreds had to go away, there not being even standing room for them in the passages. The services of the evening were introduced by the Rev. John Cooper of Fala, by singing, reading the scriptures, and prayer. The Rev. Dr Paterson asked the usual questions, to which Mr Inglis returned most appropriate answers, which were listened to with deep and solemn attention by the numerous audience. The Rev. Dr