granted to his son William a large extent of territory west of New-Jersey, and gave it the name of Pennsylvania, which means the groves of Penn.

2. Penn having become well acquainted with the soil of that region, now published a description of Pennsylvania, and offered to sell or rent lands so cheap, that many were induced to emigrate. In the autumn of 1681, a large company, mostly Quakers, left England for Pennsylvania. Penn also purchased of the Duke of York, the " Territories" of Delaware. The next summer, with about 2,000 colonists, he embarked for America.

3. He first landed at New-Castle, where he made a speech to the people, and explained to them the principles of his government. The Dutch, Swedes, and

2. When did the first settlers sail for Pennsylvania? When did Penn sail? How many colonists with him?

3. Where did he first land?

Thomas Loe, an eminent preacher among the Quakers, or Friends, he was deeply impressed, and with a number of other students, withdrew from the established worship, and held meetings by themselves. This gave great of fence to the heads of the college, by whom they were fined for non-conformity; but persisting in their religious exercises, they were finally expelled the university. On his return home, his father tried in vain to divert him from his religious pursuits; and at length, finding him inflexible in what he now conceived to be his religious duty, beat him severely, and turned him out of doors. Relenting, however, he sent him to Paris with some persons of quality, hoping by this means to draw his mind from the subject of reli gion. In two years, he returned so well skilled in the French language, and other polite accomplishments, that he was again joyfully received at home. He commenced the study of the law at Lincoln's Inn. Here he continued till his 22d year, when his father committed to him the management of a large estate in Ireland. At Cork, he heard the famous Thomas Loe again preach. He began his discourse with these penetrating words,-"There is a faith that overcomes the world, and there is a faith that is overcome by the world." Penn was so deeply affected that he now resolved to devote himself to a religious life. Soon after this he commenced preaching, and from this time, bis life was nearly one scene of persecution. He was often imprisoned and fined, but he was never deterred from doing what he conceived to be his religious duty. Some debts being due to his father at the time of his death, from the king, and as there was no prospect of payment very soon in any other mode, Penn solicited a grant of lands in America; and in 1681, obtained of Charles II. a charter of Pennsylvania. In 1682, he arrived in the province, and established a government, allowing perfect liberty of conscience. In 1684, he returned to England, but re-visited Pennsylvania again in 1699. He returned to England in 1701, where he died in 1718, aged 73. The writings of Penn bespeak his character as a Christian and philanthropist. He was man of great abilities, of quick thought and ready utterance, of mildness of disposition, and extensive charity. Of his ability as a politician and legislator, the prosperity of Pennsylvania is a lasting

monument.

Fins, who had settled in Delaware, cheerfully submitted to his authority. Before leaving England, Penn had published a "Frame of government, and a body of Laws," by which he intended to regulate the colony. His liberal policy induced great numbers to emigrate.

4. The first assembly met at Chester, soon after his arrival, and adopted his constitution and laws. Penn endeavored to secure the good will o the Indians. He made a treaty with them, and considering them the rightful owners of the soil, purchased of them all the lands which had been secured to him by the charter from the king. He selected a spot for a large city, which he called Philadelphia, a word signifying brotherly love. Here eighty houses were built before the end of the year.

4. When did the first assembly of the people meet? A. The 4th of December, 1692. Where? Did he drive the Indians off, and take their lands? What did he do as regards the Indians? What was the consequence of this treaty? A. The colony enjoyed the blessings of peace and friendship with the Indians 70 years. To what sect of Christians did Penn belong, and most of those who first settled in that colony? Can you mention any distinguishing peculiarities of the Quakers? A. Never to make war, or to perform any act of vio lence, even in self-defence. What city did he immediately found?

5. In 1683, a second assembly was called at Philadelphia. Penn now granted a new charter, similar in spirit to the first. Many wise and pacific regulations were adopted. Penn was intent upon securing the good order and prosperity of all the people. In 1684, he returned to England. At this time the province was very prosperous. Twenty settlements had already been commenced, and the city of Philadelphia contained 2,000 inhabitants.

6. Penn was a firm friend of James II. "As he has," said he, "been my friend, and my father's friend, I feel bound in justice to be a friend to him." On account of his known attachment to James, he was accused of hostility to King William, and was several times imprisoned. The government of his province was taken out of his hands, and conferred upon Col. Fletcher, the governor of New-York. But he soon proved his conduct to be just and honorable, and his rights were again restored. He now commissioned William Markham as his deputy governor.

7. Penn visited his province again in 1699. Finding some ground of complaint among the people, in 1701, he granted them a new charter. He also permitted the Territories to have a distinct assembly, yet subject to the governor of Pennsylvania. Soon after this, Penn returned to England again, and left the government of his province in the hands of his deputy governor.

8. Frequent complaints were still made, which for many years marred the happiness of the people. The colony, however, continued to increase in wealth and

5. When and where was a second assembly called? When did Penn return to England?

6. To what king was Penn friendly? Why was Penn imprisoned by King William? Whom did he appoint as his deputy governor ? 7. When did Penn visit Pennsylvania for the last time? What did he do in 1701 ?

8. How happened it that the colony of Pennsylvania lived in peace and friendship with the Indians, while other colonies suffered so much from their depredations? Can you tell me how Pennsylvania is bounded? Its capital?

population, beyond any previous example. By their just and upright conduct, the whites secured the friendship of the Indians, which was not interrupted for more than 70 years.

GEORGIA.

1. In 1732, George II.* granted the territory now constituting the state of Georgia, to a company of benevolent individuals, who desired to provide an asylum for the poor of England, and for the persecuted protestants of all nations. The affairs of the colony were committed to a board of twenty-one trustees, who made many wise and useful regulations.

2. In January of the next year, James Oglethorpe, with 113 emigrants, arrived at Charleston, and after receiving a good supply of provisions, they proceeded south, and settled at Savannah. The next year a large company of poor persons arrived and commenced clearing up the wilderness. But the trustees finding many of these emigrants idle and inefficient, made liberal offers to any who would settle in the colony. This induced hundreds from Scotland, Gern:any, and Switzerland to emigrate.

3. In 1638, George Whitefield,† the most celebra

1. When, by whom, and to whom was the territory of Georgia granted? For what purpose?

2. When, where, and by whom was the first settlement made? 3. Who visited the colony in 1638 ?

George II. of England was born in 1683. He succeeded his father, George 1. in 1727. He died in 1760. He was a prince of very moderate abilities, parsimonious, and wholly regardless of science or literature; hasty and obstinate-but honest and open in his disposition.

own.

George Whitefield was born in Gloucester, Eng., in 1714. At the age of 18 he entered one of the colleges at Oxford, where he became acquainted with John and Charles Wesley, whose piety was ardent and singular, like his From the strict rules and methods of life which these young men followed, they were called METHODISTS, and they were the founders of the sect thus denominated. Whitefield took orders, being ordained by the bishop, June 20. 1736. Such was his strain of preaching, that at his first sermon at Gloucester, a complaint was made to the Bishop that he had driven fifteen people mad,-on which the prelate observed, that he hoped the madness would not be forgotten before the next Sunday. He visited this country

ted preacher of modern times, visited the colony. His benevolence and piety had led him to explore the habitations of the poor in England, where he found hundreds of helpless orphan children. His object now was to establish an orphan asylum, in Georgia, where they might be trained up in the paths of virtue and religion.

4. In 1740, about 2500 emigrants had settled in the colony. More than 1500 of these were from among the poor of Europe, or persecuted protestants. For their support the trustees had expended nearly $500,000. The restrictions under which the first settlers labored, made it extremely difficult for them to obtain a comfortable subsistence. The government was a sort of military establishment, with general Oglethorpe at its head.

5. At this time the Spaniards had possession of Florida. Oglethorpe, fearing that they would combine with the Indians and invade Georgia, undertook an expedition against St. Augustine. This expedition proving unsuccessful, the Spaniards threatened to subdue Georgia, the Carolinas, and Virginia.

6. Oglethorpe applied to South Carolina for assist

4. What was the government of Georgia at first?

5. Why did Oglethorpe undertake an expedition against St. Augustine in Florida? Was it successful? What did the Spaniards do?

6. What did Oglethorpe then do ?

seven times, and was instrumental in imparting the pure principles and elevated hopes of religion to thousands both in Great Britain and America. No preacher ever had such astonishing power over his auditory, or was attended by such multitudes as he sometimes addressed in the fields. He was of a very liberal spirit, and had little attachment to forms. He embraced all who loved the Lord Jesus Christ in sincerity. The following anecdote respecting his manner of preaching will serve to illustrate this part of his character. One day while preaching from the balcony of the court-house in Philadelphia, he cried out-"Father Abraham.-who have you got in heaven;-any "No!" Episcopalians ?" "Any Baptists?" "No!" "Any Presbyte"No!" "Have "Why, who

rians?" "No!" "Have you any Methodists there?" you any Independents, or Seceders there?" "No! No!" have you there?" "We don't know those names here. All that are here, are Christians,-believers in Christ,-inen who have overcome by the blood of the Lamb and the word of his testimony!" "O, is this the case? Then, God help me. God help us all to forget par y names, and to become Christians in deed and in truth." He died at 700 t, Mass., 1770, having

been in the ministry 34 years.