nearly all highly poisonous, being strong muscle stimulants causing even convulsions and paralysis. During perverted cell metabolism which may arise from a great number of causes, the poisonous leucomains collect in the body and Auto-Intoxication is the result.

According to Bouchard, there are at least three causes for this self-poisoning: (1) an excessive formation of poisons within the body; (2) the failure of certain cells or organs to change harmful into harmless bodies, and (3) accumulation from deficient elimination.

As to the many diseased conditions brought about by these Auto-Intoxications, there may be mentioned the following:

There is a fatigue-fever arising from over work. In this fever it is believed the blood undergoes "a process of decomposition brought about by the infiltration into it of poisonous substances from the tissues." This fever is frequently accompanied by chilly sensations, and is believed to be the disease often mistaken for typhoid. A lack of sufficient food disturbs "the healthy balance between the formation and elimination. of effete matter." Usually sufficient rest will cure these cases, but in some instances the low bodily condition becomes permanent, keeping the subject prostrate for a long time and finally producing death. A case is recorded of a noted clinician who pronounced a disease as "either typhoid fever or incipient small pox," but two days rest worked a complete cure. Doubtless exhaustion from overwork is frequently an overlooked cause of disease, especially when attended by anxiety or worry or any mental or nervous strain.

Normal feces contain a highly poisonous substance. Ac. cording to Bouchard there is enough poison formed within the intestines every 24 hours to kill a man if all were absorbed. Many diseased conditions are due to perverted nutrition arising from the absorption into the system of alimentary poisons.

Bacteriologists acknowledge the existence of surgical fevers that are not due to micro-organisms. Poisonous leucomains are the probable cause of these fevers.

It is now conceded that uremia is caused only in part by urea and carbonate of amonia, but is mainly due to the presence of undetermined leucomains.

Lithemia has also been classed among the Auto-Intoxications. When the alkalinity of the blood is sub-normal, the acid is precipitated from the blood into the tissues thus producing the disease.

Of the undetermined leucomains, hetero-xanthin, methylxanthin, para-xanthin, gerontin, xantho-creatinin and salamandarin, according to Vaughan and Novy, are found to be highly poisonous, producing muscle stimulation, convulsions and even paralysis, to say nothing of the many undetermined leucomains, the properties of which are not yet fully known.

A complicated organism like the human body, subject as it is to a multitude of irregularities and the vicissitudes of exposure and hardship, as well as unhygienic living, could not escape being affected more or less profoundly by these contained poisons.

undetermINED LEUCOMAINS.

Respired air contains organic vapors making it very poisonous even without carbonic acid. Expired air, passed through a red hot tube so as to destroy the organ matters, is comparatively innocuous, even when an abnormal amount of carbonic acidis present. In fact various recent investigators have come to the conclusion that expired air becomes vitiated mainly from the organic matters it contains. Vapors exhaled by dogs have been condensed and injected into other animals producing death in 24 hours. At least one basic substance has been found in expired air which is considered to be a leucomain. When there is an insufficient air supply, this poisonous base is not properly eliminated and auto-intoxication results.

During recent years, a number of alkaloidal bases have been found in the urine, and although their several properties are not yet fully understod, some are known to be very poisonous to the body if not properly eliminated. "According to Bouch. ard, five kinds of poison may be met with in the urine, producing narcosis, salivation, mydriasis, paralysis and convulsions.' He considers a large part of the toxicity of the urine to be due to these organic poisons. He also finds the day urine to be more poisonous than the sleep urine. An average man would be poisoned to death in 52 hours even if the normal urine were

entirely suppressed, and in most diseases the urine is more toxic than in health, though uremia is an exception to this rule.

Various toxic substances are found in the saliva which vary in the degree of their toxicity "according to the time of their secretion."

In speaking of the general result of the search for alkaloidal bases in the various tissues and fluids of the body, Vaughan and Novy say: "There is no doubt that some basic substance, among them cholin, can be found by the action of reagents, and. on the other hand, it is equally well demonstrated that similar bases do pre-exist in the physiological condition of the tissues and fluids of the body." If this be true, then a perverted metabolism may produce toxic substances in almost any part of the body to be neutralized or eliminated, and if not rendered innocuous by either of these means, then to accumulate in the body and produce disease.

These poisonous leucomains are many of them subtile forces, as yet very imperfectly understood, and their known presence at all times in the body should admonish the etiologist to consider well the possibilities and even probabilities of autointoxications from them before searching for other causes of disease.

The lines between bacteria and their products, between the benign and the poisonous of these products and the recognized leucomains, determined and undetermined, are becoming less distinctly defined, and some are even swept away. More than one author makes bold to suggest that there is no longer need to call any of the bacteria pathogenic, for as investigations proceed all disease will be accounted for without them.

And of what practical use is all this to the Homeopath? The answer is much in many ways. These investigations throw much light on the important question of etiology, and moreover aid in the explanation of some phases of pathology. The more thoroughly the physician understands these, the better prepared is he to prescribe for his patients, and to do this well should be the one prime object of all his endeavors as a physician.

TREATMENT OF DISEASE BY MOVEMENT.

The purpose of all treatment is the restoration of the diseased mind and body to a normal condition. Whatever does this safely and quickly is a proper Therapeutic agent. Movement, when rightly administered, is both pleasant and quickly curative, and because it so often cures when all other means fail, it may be called advanced Therapeutics.

I wish in this article to present, as briefly and as clearly as possible, Movement or Motion, called Manual and Mechanical Therapeutics, in a simple, intelligent form, hoping thereby to give a correct general idea of its principles, to those who have not given the subject great study.

Because of the existing prejudice, against the idea and employment of Massage, in the treatment of disease, I use the term, Movement or Motion. Treatment by massage is movement, but treatment by movement is not necessarily massage. As we come to understand how perfectly the law of movement is the law of similia, this prejudice must disappear. We will not forget that Mechanical Therapeutics is just the same in effect and is applied on precisely the same general principles as Manual Therapeutics.

In all diseases, especially when chronic, there is a degree of anemia, or depletion in some parts, or organs. In others there is a corresponding excess of blood. These inequalities must be corrected. Our first endeavor, therefore, by movement is to secure an equalized circulation. A diffusion or redistribution of blood, relieves engorgement or inflammation, wherever it exists, by freeing the capillaries, which allows their full contents to flow out and onward, to feed and to nourish anemic organs, or parts. Equal and unimpeded circulation means normality everywhere, equal nourishment, vitality, pow. er, according to the demands of the organism. This, and this only, is health.

1st. Every movement, whether by the patient himself, or administered to him by an assistant, and whether manual or mechanical, brings more blood and nourishment into and out the parts moved

2nd. By the construction of the blood vessels and the propelling force of the heart back of it, blood cannot regurgitate, or flow backwards. Its only direction is onward.

3rd. Movement narrows the diameter of the blood vessels and thus urges forward, with greater speed the blood they contain. Illustration: If a stream is flowing through a hose, attached to a hydrant, and its diameter be narrowed, as by tightening the nozzle, the stream is greatly hastened and its force increased

4th. Motion in degree and duration, must be adapted to the condition of the patient.

5th. The patient must not become wearied, or exhausted under treatment. Each distinct and completed movement, must be followed by some time of passivity or absolute rest.

It is natural to ask, "Where is the proper place to begin treatment?" If a stream is gorged and choked by drift, forming a dam, and the waters are "set back," we would not expect to relieve such a condition by working above the dam, or upon it, but would go below, where there is an open stream, to carry away such drift as we might loosen.

In the treatment of disease by movement, we always recognize an impeded circulation. Inflammation is an engorgement, or glutting of the capillaries involved. We approach the engorged capillaries from the unobstructed, vein side, where the stream is open, not from above. Supposing then, we wish to relieve the uterus, and ovaries, or the general Pelvic Contents of their engorgement; how shall we proceed? If these parts have been long, or much inflamed, they are swollen, very sensitive to any direct movement. Pressure upon the outer walls, sufficiently hard to move the parts beneath, will be very painful and will meet with resistance on the part of the patient and and of the muscles themselves; or misdirected movements, will bring more blood into the already burdened parts, the capillaries are very much weakened, they may be made to bulge more, may even rupture under harsh manipulation. The very greatest caution and judgment, coupled with a full knowledge of the parts, their anatomy and their functions are of the greatest importance in administering motion. The purpose of motion is not to force, but to gently and naturally draw the blood on and out of the parts congested, by suction.