APPENDIX

(The following information has been supplied by Secretary Rusk, in response to a request by Mr. Morse. See also p. 82, pt. I.)

Other appropriations relating to foreign assistance, fiscal year 1966 and estimated portion of these funds which will be spent offshore

1 It should be noted that balance of payments statistics published by the Department of Commerce denote all U.S. cash contributions to international institutions as charges in the first instance against the balance of payments. The Treasury Department calculates the offshore estimates shown by offsetting the estimated amount of total expenditures by these organizations in the United States against the U.S. contributions to these organizations.

2 $20 million was appropriated for a U.S. contribution to the Asian Development Bank. However, not more than $2 million can be earmarked for the kind of concessional lending which characterizes "foreign assistance" programs.

NOTE.-Information provided by Department of Defense, Treasury Department, and Peace Corps.

(The following information has been supplied by the Department of Defense in response to requests by Mr. Broomfield. See also p. 487, pt. III.)

NORTH KOREAN VERSUS SOUTH KOREAN FORCES

The statement to which you refer on page 124 [security deletion] refers to the combined Chinese and North Korean forces, [security deletion] page 124. The combined forces include [security deletion] ground divisions [security deletion] jet fighters, and [security deletion] bombers as compared to [security deletion] combined U.S.-ROK forces in Korea of [security deletion] ground divisions and approximately [security deletion] aircraft, which are backed up by U.S. aircraft located in [security deletion]. South Korean forces are equipped with modern weapons and equipments [security deletion].

FISCAL YEAR 1967 REPUBLIC OF KOREA MILITARY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM Major items in the proposed [security deletion] million program provide for modernization of ROK fighter aircraft, ships, vehicles, construction, and communication equipments in addition to maintaining a high level of operational efficiency of the ROK active and reserve forces. Program details are found in the [security deletion] pages 124-125 [security deletion].

1039

(The following information has been supplied for inclusion in the record in response to a request by Mr. Fulton. See also p. 501, pt. III.) BRIEF STATEMENT ON OUR SALES POSITION IN THE MIDDLE EAST (EXTRACT OF MR. KUSS' PRESENTATION ON APRIL 19, 1966)

In the Middle East our actions are directed toward maintaining a reasonable stability through the provision of limited arms designed to promote internal security and legitimate self-defense. It should be noted that the introduction of nearly $2 billion in Soviet Bloc arms poured into the area has contributed toward altering its arms balance and stability.

The U.S. wants to avoid contributing to an arms race in the Middle East and becoming a major supplier in the area. Accordingly, the U.S. reserves the right to consider limited sales of defensive equipment to friendly states in the Middle East, but the "case-by-case" principle must be maintained. Every effort will be exerted to prevent both nuclear proliferation and the introduction of other sophisticated weapons systems into the area that may jeopardize the delicate balance of power.

(The following information has been supplied for the record concerning civic action programs.)

U.S. military assistance funds for civic action programs, fiscal year 1962 through

1 Fiscal year 1962 was the first year that civic action assistance was so identified in MAP.

is estimated to have a worldwide total of $11,810,000.

2 Less than $500.

Fiscal year 195

CIVIC ACTION BY MILITARY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM-RECIPIENT COUNTRIES The U.S. Military Assistance Program has supported and encouraged civic action programs in approximately 40 countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America over the past four years. MAP is providing equipment to many existing foreign military units to complete their materiel inventory. Small U.S. training teams also assist in developing their military, technical and administrative skills. The capabilities of the units to perform their basic military missions are thereby strengthened, and on-the-job performance of civic action has actually added to this overall competence. Civic action by other units has also increased as a result of this MAP support.

At the four-year mark, approximately 50 foreign engineering battalions have received MAP support and assisted in the construction or repair of more than 10,000 miles of roads-feeder roads, farm-to-market roads and national highways, usually in the more remote areas of their countries. Of these units, 30 battalions are working full time on civic action. More than 1,000 schools have been built, ranging from small rural elementary schools to medium-level vocational training centers for recruits. In four years, hundreds of clinics and hospitals have been built, and several million civilians have received care. MAP-supported medical, dental and sanitation teams of foreign armies, navies and air forces operate in areas unserved by civilian medical personnel. Several air transport squadrons are devoted full time to civic action in areas of the less-developed countries unserved by civilian airlines, and naval craft perform coastal and river services important to the development of new lands.

FUNCTIONAL SUMMARY

Results of civic action performed by foreign military units (details not available on some units):

A. Construction

1. Roads.-Virtually every MAP-recipient country uses its armed forces at times in road construction, repair and maintenance, usually in the more remote areas. In Bolivia, 125 miles of roads were completed in 1965, 118 miles have been under construction since 1964, and 34 miles are being repaired and maintained. In Brazil, 32 miles are under construction with extensive new projects planned. In Chile, 75 miles have been under construction since 1964, and in Colombia, 231 miles of roads were begun in 1965, and 690 miles have been assigned to the Army for maintenance.

In Ecuador, 100 miles have been assigned for construction by the Army since 1961 and 35 miles have been completed, with an additional 9 miles repaired in 1965. In El Salvador, 21 miles were assigned to the Army for repair and maintenance. In Ethiopia, of the 745 miles detailed to the Army in 1963, more than 186 miles have been completed. In Greece, 250 miles were completed in 1964. In Guatemala, 25 miles are under construction, and in Honduras, 44 miles are being built. In Liberia, 26 miles of roads were built from 1962 to 1964. In Nicaragua, 17 miles are under construction, and in Pakistan, 250 miles have been built since 1961. In Panama, 12 miles are under construction, and in Paraguay, 760 miles have been or are under construction, and 550 miles are assigned to the Army for continuing maintenance. In Peru, 1,000 miles of roads have been built or are planned for construction by the Army. In the Philippines, 81 miles have been built since 1963. In Senegal, 52 miles were completed by 1965. In Thailand, 106 miles were built in the past three years, and in 1964, 108 miles were repaired. In Venezuela, 211 miles are under construction. In Vietnam, 500 miles of roads including bridges have been assigned to the Army annually for construction and repair.

2. Schools. In most countries, construction, repair and site clearance are frequently performed by military units. For example, in Bolivia, 148 schools were built between 1963 and 1965, and in Chile, 29 schools are under construction. In Iran, 31 are being built, and in Thailand, the Army helped build or repair 44 schools in 1963 and 1964. In the Philippines, 283 pre-fabricated schoolhouses were built by the Army. ·

3. Medical Facilities.-In Colombia, 15 dispensaries and a small hospital were built in 1964 and 1965, and in Vietnam numerous dispensaries and villages clinics have been built.

4. Other Facilities.-The Argentine Army completed two highway bridges in 1965, and in Bolivia, the Army has built a public library and rebuilt a public

plaza. Brazil leads all MAP-recipient countries in the construction of railroads by armed forces with 675 miles completed or under construction. In Ecuador, the Army completed eight miles of sewer systems, installed electrical transmission lines and completed nine village wells and a community center. In Jordan, the Army completed three water-conservation and four tourist projects. In Paraguay, the Army has completed seven village wells. In Thailand, in 1963 and 1964 the Army completed 17 village wells and 22 bridges, dredged 42 canals and in 1965 built or repaired 46 bridges. In Vietnam, the Army has built numerous market places and other local facilities.

B. Services

1. Health and Medical.-Units of the local armed forces in Bolivia treated approximately 1,000 civilians in 1964; in Chile, 16,000 in 1964; in Colombia, approximately 205,000 annually; in Paraguay, 11,000 annually; in Thailand, 100,000 in 1963 and 1964; in Venezuela, 48,000 in 1964; and Vietnam approximately 3 million annually. In addition, local units are staffing 12 mobile clinics in El Salvador; 6 mobile clinics in Korea; 2 hospitals and 11 dispensaries in Paraguay; 6 river boats and 4 C-47 flying clinics in Peru; a hospital in Thailand; and a coastal ship in Vietnam.

2. Vocational.-Most countries provide vocational training for recruits through either formal or informal programs, thereby adding to civilian skills for use after discharge. For example, in Iran, approximately 7,200 receive training annually; in Peru, the 2,500 trained annually will increase to approximately 6,000 per year by 1971; in the Philippines, approximately 1,000 per year; and in Venezuela, 300 annually.

3. Literacy. Most countries provide literacy training for recruits. In Chile, 400 are trained annually; in Colombia. more than 20,000; in Mexico, 34,000; and in Peru, 10,000. In El Salvador, the military operates 926 literacy centers and in Iran, more than 16,000 teachers have been trained for the Literacy Corps. 4. Air Transport and Photography.-Civic action is performed by most air forces. For example, in Argentina, 3,500 tons of grain were airlifted to cattle in a drought area; in Chile, 21 tons of prefabricated buildings for schools and dispensaries were airlifted in 1965 to a remote area, return flights carrying 16 tons of wool; and in Paraguay, 950 patients were flown to medical centers in 1964. In the Philippines, 519 people were emergency airlifted in 1965, along with 60,000 tons of relief goods; 1.7 million hectares were covered by aerial photography as part of a land-reform program.

5. Agriculture.-In Mexico, approximately 1 million trees are planted annually by the Army; in the Philippines, 70,000; and in Venezuela, 50,000 trees. In Peru, roads have opened up or will provide access to 4.5 million acres of sparsely populated but rich lands.

6. Donated Materials.-As a result of excess materials, gifts from military personnel themselves or other sources, large quantities of materials are donated by local armed forces each year. In Korea materials were donated for 281 classrooms, 40 rural clinics and 10 water supply systems in 1964. In Thailand. 20 tons of cement, 2 tons of fertilizer, 800 farm tools, 800 blankets and 21,000 notebooks were donated, and in Venezuela, 1,300 sets of books and notebooks and 27,000 trees were donated in 1964.

7. Other Services.—In Paraguay, the Army provides the only communications for civilians in 41 outlying communities, and in Turkey, the armed services have adopted 650 "sister villages" where civic action is carried out by neighboring units.

GEOGRAPHIC SUMMARY

Illustrative projects in Iran, Colombia and Peru, as well as overall programs in other areas:

Iran

The MAP-sponsored civic action program in Iran is an excellent example of interdepartmental and international cooperation:

1. Iranian Army units are very active in working with the rural people for the construction of roads essential to marketing crops, transportation of sup plies to presently inaccessible rural villages and delivery of fodder to farmers. In villages, irrigation ditches have been constructed and wells drilled. During severe winter months, military units spend long hours on snow-removal projects, clearing roadways that would otherwise remain impassable until Spring.