was not disposed to disparage Florida, but its intrinsic value was incomparably less than Texas.

.-Ibid.

Anderson opposes the position of Clay.

There is another consideration which should make this House cautious in adopting the resolutions before us-cautious in abandoning the high ground we have obtained by our forbearance and magnanimity. The course of this protracted negotiation has gained to us much honor in the eyes of the world. Although we have failed as yet in getting a recompense for the wrongs done to us, we have acquired a character which was worth much more. We have shown to the world that we sought justice, not aggrandisement; we have shown that we could abstain from war, even when our adversary had given to us the amplest justification. We have defeated the malicious predictions of the politicians of Europe, who declared that we only sought an apology for seizing on Florida. The present state of the negotiation has just brought those Courts to the acknowledgement (a proud one for us) that we sought only peace and a fair settlement.

But, if we pass these resolutions, we suddenly relinquish this high ground, and assume the station of our adversary. For fourteen years we have been urgent, Spain reluctant; we have pressed, Spain has receded; but now when there is an indication of peace, we suddenly change sides-Spain presses and we recede. [Mr. Anderson, April 4, 1820.]—Annals of Congress. 1820, pp. 1719. 1723-28, 1770-71

QUESTIONS.

(1) What principle do you find illustrated in the titles used for J. Q. Adams and De Onis in Article I of the treaty? (2) Make a map to show the boundary line drawn between the United States and Spain. (3) Draw a map bounding the Florida purchase. `(4) How much territory did the United States claim which it yielded at this time? (5) How much money did the United States pay? (6) To whom was it paid? (7) How was this territory of Florida to be governed? (8) Who ratified treaties in Spain? (9) Who in the United States? (10) Whose consent must be obtained in the United States?

(1) Did Clay approve the treaty? (2) Give the reasons

assigned by Adams for Clay's action. (3) What course did Clay think should be taken? (4) What are the "claims" mentioned so often in these discussions? (5) What were the "grants" so much discussed? (6) Had the king of Spain ratified the treaty according to agreement? (7) Would his non-ratification justify the United States in seizing Florida? (8) Did Adams believe he had made a favorable treaty for the United States? (9) How had the Missouri struggle affected the feeling of the different sections toward the treaty? (10) What measure did the Cabinet of Monroe discuss? (11) What foreign nations were taking a deep interest in the questions at issue between the United States and Spain? (12) What views did Clay take in regard to the treaty power of the president? (13) According to him what right had Congress over treaties? (14) Över territories of the United States? (15) Did slavery play any part in this long struggle? (16) Give plan of Mr. Trimble. (17) What criticism does Adams make on Clay's capacity as a negotiator?

(1) Give the steps in the making, and ratification of this treaty. (2) Describe the last scene. (3) When did the struggle for the possession of Florida by the United States begin? (4) What claim did Jefferson make in regard to the ownership of West Florida? (5) Why did he not take possession of it in 1804? (6) What nation did Jefferson propose to unite with to gain Florida? (7) Give Jefferson's entire plan in 1805. (8) What his plans in 1808? (9) Did Jefferson approve of the treaty of purchase of 1819? (10) Give his plan. (11) Analyze the report of the committee of Congress. (12) Give the plan of the committee. (13) Discuss Mr. Clay's resolutions and speech. (14) Does Anderson answer him satisfactorily? (15) Write a narrative history on "The Purchase of Florida.'

THE ANNEXATION OF TEXAS.

United States' claim to, yielded, 1819. Became independent, 1836. United States recognized its independence, 1837. It seeks admission to the Union, 1837. Treaty of annexation rejected, 1844. Annexed by joint resolution, 1845. Became a state, December, 1845. Area, 376,123 square miles. By compromise of 1850, 96,707 square miles ceded to the United States. Total cost to the United States, about $16,000,000,

CHAPTER VI

ANNEXATION OF TEXAS

The annexation of Texas, in 1845, was secured only after many years of discussion. As was noticed in the Louisana study the United States had a fair claim to it from that purchase. However whatever right they had was yielded in 1819 with the purchase of Florida. Almost immediately thereafter efforts were made looking to its re-acquisition. J. Q. Adams and Andrew Jackson both sought to purchase it, but found Mexico unwilling to dismember itself. Then came its independence in 1836, and the negotiations looking to its absorption by the United States..

The following extracts will trace in a fair measure the steps in the later history, and will illustrate the nature of the arguments used by those who favored, and by those who opposed the annexation. It will be noticed that with rare exceptions the opponents came from the North, and mainly from the whig party. The arguments were on both sides based on the expediency and the constitutionality of the measure. The student will find an interesting problem in tracing down the new issue that came in with this expansion. A careful study should be made of the boundaries of Texas now, as compared with the limits she claimed