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ALGIERS.

1795.

TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY.

Concluded September 5, 1795; ratification advised by the Senate March 2, 1796. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 1.)

This treaty of twenty-two articles provided for peace, commercial intercourse, and friendly treatment of the citizens and shipping of the United States in consideration of an annual payment to the Dey of Algiers. It was superseded by the treaty of 1815.

1815.

TREATY OF AMITY AND PEACE.

Concluded June 30, 1815; ratification advised by the Senate December 21, 1815; ratified by the President December 26, 1815; proclaimed December 26, 1815. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 6.)

This treaty of twenty-two articles was signed by Commodore Decatur and William Shaler, and provided for the abolition of the annual payment, for the restitution of captives and property, for commercial intercourse, etc.

1816.

TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY.

Concluded December 22 and 23, 1816; ratification advised by the Senate February 1, 1822; ratified by the President February 11, 1822; proclaimed February 11, 1822. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 10.) By this treaty of twenty-two articles the same privileges included in the treaty of 1815 were renewed, with an additional article annulling the special rights accorded to United States vessels in case of war. Algiers having become a province of France in 1830, the treaty became obsolete.

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ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.

(ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION.)

1853.

TREATY FOR THE FREE NAVIGATION OF THE RIVERS PARANÁ AND URUGUAY.

Concluded July 10, 1853; ratification advised by the Senate June 13, 1854; ratified by the President July 5, 1854; ratifications exchanged December 20, 1854; proclaimed April 9, 1855. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 16.)

ARTICLES.

I. Free navigation of Paraná and
Uruguay rivers conceded.

II. Loading and unloading vessels.
III. Marking channels.

IV. Collection of customs and other dues.

V. Possession of Martin Garcia Island.

VI. Free navigation in time of war. VII. Accession of other South American governments.

VIII. Most favored nation clause.
IX. Ratification.

The President of the United States and His Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, being desirous of strengthening the bonds of friendship which so happily subsist between their respective States and Countries, and convinced that the surest means of arriving at this result is to take in concert all the measures requisite for facilitating and developing commercial relations, have resolved to determine by treaty the conditions of the free navigation of the Rivers Paraná and Uruguay, and thus to remove the obstacles which have hitherto impeded this navigation.

With this object they have named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:

The President of the United States, Robert C. Schenck, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to Brazil, and John S. Pendleton, Chargé d'Affaires of the United States to the Argentine Confederation;

And his Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, Doctor Don Salvador Maria del Carril, and Doctor Don José Benjamin Gorostiaga;

Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles:

ARTICLE I.

The Argentine Confederation, in the exercise of her sovereign rights, concedes the free navigation of the Rivers Paraná and Uruguay, wherever they may belong to her, to the merchant vessels of all nations, subject only to the conditions which this treaty establishes, and to the regulations sanctioned, or which may hereafter be sanctioned, by the National Authority of the Confederation.

ARTICLE II.

Consequently the said vessels shall be admitted to remain, load and unload in the places and ports of the Argentine Confederation which are open for that purpose.

ARTICLE III.

The Government of the Argentine Confederation, being desirous to provide every facility for interior navigation, agrees to maintain beacons and marks pointing out the channels.

ARTICLE IV.

A uniform system shall be established by the competent authorities of the Confederation, for the collection of the custom-house duties, harbor, lights, police and pilotage dues, along the whole course of the waters which belong to the Confederation.

ARTICLE V.

The High Contracting Parties, considering that the Island of Martin Garcia may, from its position, embarrass and impede the free navigation of the Confluents of the River Plate, agree to use their influence to prevent the possession of the said Island from being retained or held by any State of the River Plate, or its Confluents which shall not have given its adhesion to the principle of their free navigation.

ARTICLE VI.

If it should happen (which God forbid) that war should break out between any of the States, Republics or Provinces of the River Plate or its Confluents, the navigation of the Rivers Paraná and Uruguay shall remain free to the merchant-flag of all nations, excepting in what may relate to munitions of war, such as arms of all kinds, gunpowder, lead and cannon balls.

ARTICLE VII.

Power is expressly reserved to His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, and the Governments of Bolivia, Paraguay and the Oriental State of Uruguay, to become parties to the present Treaty, in case they should be disposed to apply its principles to the parts of the Rivers Paraná, Paraguay and Uruguay over which they may respectively possess fluvial rights.

ARTICLE VIII.

The principal objects for which the Rivers Paraná and Uruguay are declared free to the commerce of the world, being to extend the mercantile relations of the countries which border them, and to promote immigration, it is hereby agreed that no favor or immunity shall be granted to the flag or trade of any other nation which shall not equally extend to those of the United States.

ARTICLE IX

The present treaty shall be ratified on the part of the Government of the United States within fifteen months from its date, and within two days by His Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine

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