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40.9.171.225 235 88.79.85 N N E NE byE NNW 2.77 10.40 7.73
38.0.214.252.227 86.85-92 w sw NEDENED N 7.41 8.83 1.57
42.6.227.342.261 88.76-89
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44.6.199.262.283 84.81-89 E by SNE bENE bN 6.20 13.80 3.72
38.0.207.284.194 84.82.80 N EbENEbE ENE 24.12 14.76 17.86
41.5.192.304.201 83.76-79 NE b. ENEBENE b E10.15 9.92 5.60
38.9.186.326.179 83.76.74 NNE NEDE SSE 4.01 0.63 1.92
42.2.242.264.199 85.61.68 ESE W by sw Sw
34.1.192.196.16283-76-76 w b N
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32.5.160.178.191 80-83-95 SE SEbs EbN
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32.7.135.227.174.78.75.83 W NW
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MONTHLY METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER, ST. MARTIN, ISLE JESUS, CANADA EAST-APRIL, 1857. (NINE MILES WEST OF MONTREAL.)

BY

CHARLES SMALLWOOD, M. D., L L.D.

Latitude-45 deg. 32 min. North. Longitude-73 deg. 36 min. West. Height above the Level of the Sea-118 feet.
Temp. of the
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MONTHLY METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER, ST. MARTIN, ISLE JESUS, CANADA EAST-MAY, 1857. (NINE MILES WEST OF MONTREAL.)

BY CHARLES SMALLWOOD, M. D., L L. D.

Latitude-45 deg. 32 min. North. Longitude-73 deg, 36 min. West. Height above the Level of the Sea-118 feet.

2

A. M.P. M. P. M. A.M. P. M. P. M.

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.692 34.5 42.2 40.5 .214.243.245.99.85.92 NE byE
.847 41.1 48.3 41.2.253.324.253.91.92.91 s w bs
.982 38.5 60.4 50.4.226.350.283.90.66.75 sw b w
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.510 42.0 54.6 46.7.152.199.282-53.46.86 NE byEN EbуE
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.899 42.2 42.4 41.6.252.243.249.85.85.86 s hy Ew by N
.916 40.5 66.8 50.9.210.416-283.79.65.75 w by NSS W
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.678 43.3 56.9 47.0.216.255.252.73.55.75 EN E
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596 52.8 80.9 62.4.304.473 397.76.46.71
.606 59.4 86.1 64.0.283.532-425-72.43.71 w sw
.523 64.0 87.0 70.5.476.607-489-78.48.67 s wbs
.797 47.3 65.5 55.4.271.473.312.80.74.81 NE E
.501 62.0 79.6 67.0.431.568.408.76.58.61
.469 51.5 77.5 55.1 .879.588-394-93.64.88
.429 57.0 67.6 56.0.432.534-385.90.81.84 sw bw
.662 50.3 59.1 50.1.326.426.326.87.84.87 w sw
.663 50.0 72.0 54.2.304.498.373.80.64.87

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REMARKS ON THE ST. MARTIN, ISLE JESUS, METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER

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Rain fell on 10 days amounting to 6.549 inches; it was raining 61 hours 46 minutes.
Snow fell on 5 days, amounting to 6.94 inches; it was snowing 26 hours 20 minutes.
The most prevalent wind was the N E by E.

The least prevalent wind E by S.

The most windy day the 21st; mean miles per hour 18.91,

Least windy day the 13th; mean miles per hour 0.73.

The Aurora Borealis visible on 1 night.

Lunar Halo visible on 2 nights.

Swallows first seen on the 19th days.

Frogs first heard on the 22nd day.

The electrical state of the Atmosphere has indicated moderate intensity.

Ozone was in rather large quantity.

30.180

28.946

29.691

1.134

55°.7

20.9

37°19

5208

98°.6

10.4

.821

1.75

REMARKS ON THE ST. MARTIN, ISLE JESUS, METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER

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Rain fell on 9 days, amounting to 4.232 inches; it was raining 68 hours and 42 minutes and was accompaned by thunder on 2 days.

Most prevalent wind, N. E. by E. Least prevalent wind, N.

Most windy day, the 5th day; mean miles per hour, 24.84.

Least windy day, the 31st day; mean miles per hour, 0.71.

Aurora Borealis visible on 2 nights.

Lunar Halo on 1 night.

Shad first caught on the 24th day.

The electrical state of the atmosphere has indicated moderate intensity.
Ozono was in small quantity.

THE CANADIAN JOURNAL

NEW SERIES.

No. XI. SEPTEMBER, 1857.

THE ARIZONA COPPER MINE.

BY JAMES GILBERT.

Read before the Canadian Institute, 13th December, 1856.

Various causes have combined to excite a greatly increasing interest in the mineral wealth of this continent; and while our own valuable, though still unwrought, Canadian copper region naturally forms the pre-eminent object of such interest, as pertaining to ourselves and constituting a source of future enterprise and wealth, it will not probably prove unacceptable to the Members of the Canadian Institute to learn somewhat of the mineral wealth of the south-western regions of this continent of North America, as illustrated by the Arizona mine, one of the richest copper mines hitherto noted in the mineral regions of California. At the same time the history of this mine, while it directs our attention to other depositories of unwrought mineral treasure, abundantly illustrates the obstacles which had to be overcome before such could be turned to profitable account. The information contained in the following brief notice was acquired during a recent visit to California. The Arizona Copper Mine, is situated in the Gadsden Purchase in latitude 32° north, and longitude 111°45' west; being about 110 miles S. E., from Fort Yuma, and 35 miles from the river Gila.

The Arizona Mining Company was formed with the object of opening certain silver mines, existing in the region of the Arizona moun

VOL. II.W

tains, and which according to history had been worked by the Mexicans, at an early period, with extraordinary success. One in particular, known as the Planche de la Plata mine, had a wide reputation, having yielded masses of pure silver, weighing more than twenty / arrobas, a Spanish weight of twenty-five pounds. Necessity, however, arising from remoteness of situation, aud the war whoop of the savage, had long since occasioned the abandonment of this mine; and it was gradually sinking into oblivion, when attention was directed to it by Count Rousset. This daring Frenchman, having obtained from Santa Anna a grant of the mine in question, made an expedition to Sonora, intending to explore the Arizona mountains in search of silver, and to take possession and work the mine ceded to him.

Great and unforseen difficulties were encountered, and his followers becoming disheartened, after months of toil and privation, he was reluctantly forced to suspend, though not entirely to abandon the enterprise. Meanwhile fresh troubles befel him, which it would be foreign to our present object to enter upon; getting embroiled with the Mexican authorities, his capture, trial and execution were the consequences.

Aware of these circumstances the Arizona Company set out from San Francisco, immediately after its preliminary organization, in the latter part of 1854, with the view of taking possession of the noted silver mine; the Frenchman's right to which, it was assumed, had been confiscated by the manner of his death. Arrived in the Gadsden Purchase, the little band of adventurers, numbering twenty men, well armed, separated into detachments, one of which under Mexican guidance, succeeded in making its way to the location pointed out as the Planche de la Plata mine. There were, however, unmistakable signs of the nearness of hostile Indians, consequently, after spending a little time in examining the plain, which bore evidence of having been superficially dug over, and picking up a lump of virgin silver weighing 21 lbs. they returned to their camp, satisfied that the Planche de la Plata mine was a reality; but, at the same time, convinced that its appropriation was for the present impracticable, from its remoteness with respect to supplies, and from the hostility of the surrounding Indians. Another portion of the company, arriving at Sonorita, heard of a copper mine forty miles to the north, in a barren and unknown country; proceeding thither, and being struck with indications of the great richness of the mine, they resolved to keep possession; the remainder of the company at length joining them, the further search for silver mines was abandoned. One of the explorers

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