JUL Contents FOREWORD. INTRODUCTION. DENMARK.. Education, appointment, and remuneration of teachers.. Elementary and secondary education prior to April 1, 1938_ Seminaries_ Page VII 1 5 7 7 9 9 12 13 15 16 19 19 General examination in philosophy Language-history professional examination for teachers. Professional examination for teachers in the faculty of Professional education of secondary school teachers -- Remuneration_ Bibliography... Education, appointment, and remuneration of teachers.. Elementary schools. Organization of the elementary school in cities. Education... Schools for the education of elementary school teachers. Additional education for elementary school teachers.. Appointment... Remuneration.. Secondary schools.. Organization of the secondary school.. Education__ Language-history professional examination..... Mathematics-natural science professional examination.. Pedagogical Seminary. Special subject teachers.. Appointment... Remuneration___. Bibliography... Page Preparation of secondary school teachers through uni- Education, appointment, and remuneration of teachers.. Primary and elementary schools.. Foreword This is the first of two studies based on data gathered by the author in Scandinavia, the Netherlands, and Finland in the spring and early summer of 1938, and continued beyond that time through documentation. Before Dr. Lindegren visited these countries, meetings held under the direction of the U. S. Commissioner of Education with members of the U. S. Office of Education staff interested in the field of teacher education resulted in an outline made up from suggestions for consideration in her studies. At the same time about 200 letters were sent to city superintendents, deans of colleges of education, presidents of teachers colleges, and leaders of comparative education asking them for suggestions as to what problems ought to be studied and included in the report. This bulletin is an account of teacher education for each country separately, about as it was in the summer of 1939. The second and smaller study on "Some Questions on the Education and Service Conditions of Teachers in Scandinavia, the Netherlands, and Finland" will be devoted to answers to specific questions on major issues in teacher education and to what the five countries do in regard to each of them. To the many persons and organizations in the United States, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, and Finland, who have aided in bringing this study to completion, the U. S. Office of Education expresses its gratitude. BESS GOODYKOONTZ Assistant U. S. Commissioner of Education VII |