GUATEMALA RECOGNITION OF THE ORELLANA GOVERNMENT BY THE UNITED STATES1 813.00/1170: Telegram The Chargé in Guatemala (Curtis) to the Secretary of State GUATEMALA, January 12, 1922-9 p.m. [Received January 13-12:13 p.m.] 7. The Assembly this afternoon gave first of three daily readings to a resolution reported by special committee declaring the Union non-existent and Guatemala again an independent republic. General Orellana today issued a decree calling the elections for February 15th to 22nd. The Liberal Party will choose candidate January 22. CURTIS 814.00/632: Telegram The Chargé in Guatemala (Curtis) to the Secretary of State GUATEMALA, January 22, 1922—10 p.m. [Received January 23-8:50 p.m.] 9. Convention of the Liberal Party this afternoon nominated Orellana. Ubico 2 had previously pledged adherence to the decision of the convention. CURTIS 702.1411/80a : Telegram The Secretary of State to the Chargé in Guatemala (Curtis) WASHINGTON, January 28, 1922-5 p.m. 4. Department has advised Secretary of Treasury and Governor of New York that it is informed that Muñoz will perform the functions of the Consulate General of Guatemala in New York, and that it considers it desirable as a practical matter that agents of this Gov 1For previous correspondence, see Foreign Relations, 1921, vol. 1, pp. 178 ff. . General Ubico, also, had been a candidate for the nomination. ernment should raise no question as to lack of formal recognition of Muñoz and to deal with him in the transaction of business as with his predecessor. You may informally advise authorities to this effect, making it clear that such action does not constitute recognition but is taken simply to avoid inconvenience and loss to commercial interests. HUGHES 814.00/653: Telegram The Chargé in Guatemala (Curtis) to the Secretary of State GUATEMALA, February 22, 1922-4 p.m. [Received February 23-1:35 p.m.] 17. Election finished. Legation latest returns are over 168,000 for General Orellana the only official candidate, and about 400 scattering. 3 In addition to the disturbances reported in my telegram February 7 [17], 5 p.m., there was an uprising at Escuintla on Saturday night with at least 7 killed. Apparently there has [have] been no other disorders of this sort. CURTIS 814.00/662: Telegram The Chargé in Guatemala (Southgate) to the Secretary of State GUATEMALA, March 4, 1922-noon. [Received 9:57 p.m.] 21. Inauguration of Orellana as President of the Republic took place this morning. His address emphasized the necessity of political peace and hard work. SOUTHGATE 814.00/677: Telegram The Chargé in Guatemala (Southgate) to the Secretary of State GUATEMALA, April 11, 1922—5 p.m. [Received April 12-9:30 a.m.] 28. General amnesty has been decreed. All political prisoners except those actually engaged in acts of violence have been released. SOUTHGATE 'Not printed. 814.00/666: Telegram The Secretary of State to the Chargé in Guatemala (Southgate) WASHINGTON, April 15, 1922—4 p.m. 10. You are instructed to inform the Government of Guatemala that the President has determined to recognize the Orellana Government as the Government of that Republic. You may, at the same time, express to the Minister for Foreign Affairs the gratification caused this Government by the resumption of the friendly relations which have so long continued between the two Republics.* HUGHES • This instruction was carried out on Apr. 17 (file no. 814.00/682). HAITI APPOINTMENT OF A HIGH COMMISSIONER BY PRESIDENT HARDING THE ELECTION OF PRESIDENT BORNO-THE APPOINTMENT OF A NEW FINANCIAL ADVISER 123 R 914/1a The Secretary of State to the High Commissioner in Haiti (Russell) WASHINGTON, February 11, 1922. SIR: You have been appointed by the President as High Commissioner, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary, to represent him in Haiti for the purpose of investigating, reporting upon, and supervising the performance of their duties by the officers nominated by the President of the United States and appointed by the President of Haiti pursuant to the provisions of the Treaty between the United States and Haiti signed at Port-au-Prince, September 16, 1915,1 in order that the purposes of said Treaty may be fully accomplished. In the performance of your duties, you will be guided by instructions from the Secretary of State and will report to the Department of State upon all matters other than those solely connected with the functions of the Commanding Officer of the United States Forces of Occupation in Haiti. In order that the purposes of the Treaty of September 16, 1915, between the United States and Haiti, shall be more fully accomplished and the administration for which the said Treaty provides shall be more efficiently conducted, it is intended that the High Commissioner shall have general supervision over the General Receiver of Haitian Customs; the Financial Adviser of Haiti; the officers commanding the Haitian Gendarmerie; and all other officials nominated by the President of the United States and appointed by the President of Haiti in accordance with the provisions of the said Treaty, or any other officials who may hereafter be so appointed by virtue of such Treaty or by virtue of any amendment thereto. All correspondence pertaining to Haitian Affairs from the Treaty officials to the Executive Departments of the United States, or to officials of the Haitian Government, other than the Haitian Secretary of State with whose Ministry such Treaty officials may be connected and all routine correspondence from the General Receiver 1Foreign Relations, 1916, p. 328. of Customs to the Bureau of Insular Affairs of the War Department, will be forwarded through the High Commissioner. All communications from the Government of the United States to the Government of Haiti will be conveyed to the Haitian Government through the High Commissioner, with the exception of such correspondence as the Department of State may instruct the American Legation in Port-au-Prince to convey. It will be your duty to coordinate the work of the Treaty officials above referred to and of the Commanding Officer of the United States Forces of Occupation in Haiti; to outline and supervise the work required of the Treaty officials; to regulate the reports made by them; and to bring about harmonious cooperation between these officials and the members of the Haitian Government. It is obviously of the utmost importance that each Treaty official maintain an efficient system of cooperation with the Haitian Secretary of State to whose Department his duties attach him. To this end, he should keep such Secretary of State fully and carefully informed of the details of the work being performed by him, of all projects or plans of development in his Department, and of all other information which may be necessary in order that a thorough understanding between the Treaty officials and the Haitian Government may be reached. The American Legation in Port-au-Prince will be maintained in the charge of a Chargé d'Affaires ad interim and diplomatic correspondence between the Governments of the United States and Haiti of routine character will be carried on through the American Legation. All recommendations as to policy will, however, rest with the High Commissioner, and the Chargé d'Affaires ad interim will act in such matters in an advisory capacity to the High Commissioner. In the absence or disability of the High Commissioner, his duties, other than those of a military character, will devolve upon the Chargé d'Affaires ad interim. The history of our intervention in Haitian affairs is not viewed with satisfaction by this Government and it is hoped that the reorganization of the existing Treaty administration which you are instructed to make in the course of your special mission will bring about a frank and loyal cooperation between the officials of the United States and the members of the Haitian Government in the accomplishment of the purposes for which the Treaty of 1915 was entered into. It is desired that you direct your attention primarily, in the fulfilment of your mission, to the following objectives: (1) A prompt and effective reorganization of the powers and duties of the United States Treaty officials along the lines set forth above. |