Pendleton Civil Service Bill, 396.
Penn, William, a convert to the
Friends, 70; portrait, 71; west New
Jersey comes into hands of, 72;
founds Pennsylvania, 73; invites
immigration, 73; treats Indians
justly, 74, 75; sails to America, 74,
75; lays out Philadelphia, 75; claims
portion of settlements on Delaware
River, 78.

Penn family, opposed by Franklin, 118.
Pennsylvania, charter obtained by
Penn, 73; called in honor of Penn's
father, 73; immigration invited, 73;
Penn sails to, 74, 75; boundary be-
tween Maryland and, 78; colonial
inhabitants of, 117; ratifies Consti-
tution, 194; whisky rebellion in,
225; invaded by Lee, 376; Early's
raid in, 379.

Pennsylvania Gazette, device in, 124,
125.

Pensacola, British rendezvous at, 249;
abandoned, 250.

Pensioners, living, 385.

Peoria, Ill., La Salle builds fort on site
of, 32.

Pequot War, 60, 61.

Perez, Juan, prior of La Rábida, aids
Columbus, 5.

Perry, M. F., expedition of, to Japan,
326.

Perry, Oliver H., victory on Lake Erie,
246.

Persecution, religious, forbidden in
Maryland, 78.

Personal Liberty laws, 315.
Peru, conquered by Pizarro, 15.
Peter the Hermit, 438.

Petersburg, Grant besieges, 378; Lee
retreats from, 382.

Petroleum, discovery of, 395.
Philadelphia, cut of, 74; laid out by
Penn, 75; early prosperity, 117;
services of Franklin, 118; first
American medical school in, 120;
first Continental Congress at, 141;
Declaration of Independence read
from State House in, 157; map of
vicinity, 169; British enter, 172; ex-
hibition of 1876 at, 398.
Philadelphia, frigate, Decatur's ex-
ploit on, 237.

Philip, Indian chief, attacks New Eng-
land colonies, 63; killed, 63.
Pickens, Andrew, 179.

Pickens, Francis Wilkinson, governor,
353.

Pickering, Timothy, Secretary of State,
255, 256; Secretary of War, 255.

Pickett's charge, 386.

Pierce, Franklin, administration of,
338-341; portrait, sketch, 339.
Pierrepont, Edwards, Attorney Gen-
eral, 429.

Pilgrims, Separatists known as, 50;
landing of, 50, 51; sign compact in
Mayflower, 51; first winter in Plym-
outh, 51; text of compact, 457.
Pine-tree shilling, cut of, 64.
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, envoy
to France, 226; treaty with Spain,
232.

Pinkney, William, Attorney General,

257.

Pinzon, Martin, impressed by ideas of
Columbus, 5; Pinzon brothers, assist
Columbus in fitting out fleet, 6.
Pioneer life, 218, 219.
Pirates, 84; Barbary, 236.
Pitt, William, Earl of Chatham, 126;
policy in French and Indian War, 96;
defends opposition to Stamp Act,
133; withdraws from power, 136;
opposes policy of George III., 150,
151; hated by George III., 173.
Pittsburg, Indian attack on, fails, 100.
Pittsburg Landing, battle of, 363, 364.
Pizarro, conquests by, 15.

Plains, Western, of the United States,
453.

Plains of Abraham, battle of, 98.
Plantation life, in Virginia, 79.
Planters, growing power of, in Vir-
ginia, 81, 82; methods of, 210.
Plattsburg, British repulsed at, 249.
Plymouth, England, Drake sails from,
41; Mayflower sails from, 49.
Plymouth, Mass., landing of Pilgrims
at, 50, 51; settlement, 51; people
from, settle Windsor, Conn., 56.
Plymouth Company, part of Virginia
Company, 44; grants some self-gov-
ernment to Plymouth settlement, 51.
Plymouth Rock, 51.
Pocahontas, story of, 46.
Poe, Edgar Allan, 332; portrait, sketch,
332.

Poinsett, Joel R., Secretary of War,

321.

Poland, 163.

Political adventurers, move to the
South, 391.

Politics, partisan, upheld by Jackson,
291.

Polk, James Knox, portrait, 302;

elected President, 303; sketch, 303;
announces war with Mexico, 304.
Polo, Marco, adventures of, inspire
Columbus, 2.

ta Maria, caravel of Columbus, 6.
atoga, Burgoyne surrenders at,
13.

asso Sea, xvi; fleet of Columbus
iters, 7, 8.

nders, Richard, pseudonym of
ranklin, 118.

annah, founded, 85; capture of,
7; evacuated, 184; Sherman en-
*rs, 381.

annah, steamer, crosses Atlan-
e, 273.

and Sele, Lord, holds patent to
and on Connecticut River, 56.
brook, Conn., planted, 56.
ndinavia, emigration from, 328.
enectady, destroyed, 90.

ofield, General John M., 381; Sec-
etary of War, 427.
olarship, driven
urks, 439.

westward

by

Secession, threatened by South, 346;
South Carolina passes Ordinance of,
347; other ordinances follow, 347;
question of, settled by the war for
the Union, 388.
Sedition act, 227.

ools, early set up in Massachusetts,
5; slowth growth of system of
ublic, 213; portion of each Western
>wnship reserved for benefit of,
31.

urz, Carl, Secretary of Interior,

29.

uyler, General Philip, blocks Bur-
oyne, 171; superseded by Gates on
ve of victory, 173.

uylkill, meaning of word, 69.

Seminole Indians, 412.
Seminole War, 264, 265.
Semmes, Captain, of the Alabama, 380.
Senate, 419, 469, 470.
Separatists, beliefs of, 48; in Holland,
49; sail in Mayflower from Plym-
outh, 49; known as the Pilgrims,
50; settle Plymouth Colony, 51.
Serapis, fight with Bon Homme Rich-
ard, 179.

tch, settle in South Carolina, 84.
>tch-Irish, in the West, 214; Prot-
stants, reach America, 445.
tt, Dred, 342.

Serpent Mound, in Loudon, Ohio, 19.
Servants, indented, 79.

Seven Years' War, 95, 96, 128.
Sevier, John, settles in Southwestern
Territory, 217.

tt, General Winfield, gallant stand
f, at Queenstown Heights, 244;
ins at Lundy's Lane, 248; dis-
bled for rest of war, 248; Mexican
ampaign, 305; takes city of Mex-
30, 306; candidate of Whigs against
'ierce, 338; retires from command
of Union forces, 358.
of Darkness, name for unknown
Atlantic, 6.

men, see Sailors.

Seward, William H., concession of, to
slavery, 350; attempt to assassinate,
384; Secretary of State, 427.
Shackamaxon, place of Penn's treaty
with Indians, 75.

urch, right of, claimed by England,
23; sustained by Jay's treaty, 224;
England continues to exercise, 241.
See also Sailors.
arch warrants, 480.

Shaw, Colonel Robert G., 375.
Shays's Rebellion, 191.
Shelby, Isaac, Secretary of War, 319.
Shenandoah Valley, Stonewall Jack-

son's victory in, 370; Early retires
up, 379; Sheridan in, 382.
Sheridan, General, defeats Early at
Winchester, 379, 380.

Sherman, John, Secretary of Treasury,
429; Secretary of State, 432.
Sherman, General, sketch, 378; por-
trait, 379; takes Atlanta, 381; march
to the sea, 381; march northward,
382; Secretary of War, 428.
Sherman family, importance of, in
Ohio, 231.

Shiloh, battle of, 363, 364.
Shipbuilding, begun in Massachusetts,
55.

Shipping, American, War of 1812 stim-
ulates, 270; falls off with peace, 270.
Sic semper Tyrannis, meaning, 374;
assassin Booth's use of, 384.
Silver, free coinage of, 416.
Simms, William Gilmore, 336.
Sioux War. 400, 401.
Sitting Bull, 401.

Six Nations, 23; at Albany Congress,
92; do not join Pontiac, 100; Fort
Stanwix treaty with, 215.

Slater, Samuel, sets up cotton spin-
ning, 212.

Slaveholders, Lincoln unwilling to
estrange, 360.

Raleigh, Sir Walter, reaches North
Carolina, 42; names Virginia, 42;
portrait, 42; plans for colonizing,
42; loses trace of colony, 43; put to
death, 43.

Ramsey, Alexander, Secretary of War,

429.

Randall, Alexander W., Postmaster
General, 427.

Randolph, Edmund, first Attorney
General, 202; Attorney General,
Secretary of State, 255.

Rank, early distinctions of, 112; in
church, at college, 113.

Rawlins, John A., Secretary of War,
428.

Reaping machine, 329.
Reciprocity treaties, 413.
Reconstruction period, 387, 396.
Regicide judges, 67.

Religion, early provisions for, in
United States, 213; freedom of, 480.
Religious tests, abolished, 213, 479.
Religious toleration in Maryland, 77, 78.
Renaissance, 439, 440.
Republican (Anti-Federalist) party,
favors French Revolution, 222. |
Republican party, Fremont candidate
of, 342; nominates Lincoln, 344;
hatred of, in South, 346; not in sym-
pathy with President Johnson, 388;
dissatisfaction with, 401.

Resaca de la Palma, battle of, 304.
Resumption of specie payments, 402.
Revenue, national, Hamilton's plan
for, 206.

Revenue officers, appointed by crown,
66.

Revere, Paul, ride of, 142.
Revolution, American, see American
Revolution.

Rhode Island, settlements begun in,

58; denied admittance to United
Colonies of New England, 61; pri-
vateering from, 115; first to declare
independence of crown, 154; slow
to renounce royal charter, 15;
slow to ratify Constitution, 194.
Rice, 84.

Rittenhouse, David, astronomer, 120.
Roanoke Island, 42.
Robertson, John, settles in Southwest-
ern Territory, 216.
Robeson, George M., Secretary of
Navy, 428, 429.

Rochambeau, helps surround Corn-
wallis, 182.

Rocky Mountains, 450; crossed by
Lewis and Clarke, 233; dispute over
country west of, 309-311; Fremont's
expeditions to, 326.

Rodgers, Commodore John, exploits
of, 245.

Rodney, Cæsar A., Attorney General,
257.

Rogers, Major Robert, breaks Ponti-
ac's power, 100.

Rolfe, John, marries Pocahontas, 46.
Roman Catholics, unwelcome in Eng-
land, 76.

Rome, N.Y., Fort Stanwix on present
site of, 171.

Rosecrans, General, defeated at Chick-
amauga, 377.

Royalists, in Virginia, 80.
Rush, Dr. Benjamin, 120.
Rush, Richard, Attorney General, 257,
319; attitude of, as minister to Eng-
land, toward Holy Alliance, 267;
Secretary of Treasury, 320.

Rusk, Jeremiah M., Secretary of Agri-
culture, 431.

Russia, claim on Pacific coast, 266;
notified that this claim would be
contested, 266, 267.

Sabine River, Mexican boundary, 265,
298.

Saco, Maine, founded, 59.
Sagas. 437.

Sailors, sold into slavery by Barbary
pirates, 236, 237; impressment of, by
England, 238, 239; impressment con-
tinued, 241; impressment grievance
ceases, 252; of the Union, grand re-
view of, 384, 385.

St. Augustine, only remaining sign of
Spaniards in Florida, 16.

Treasury, 428.

Richmond, becomes seat of Confeder-
acy, 355: Grant moves on, 377; cap-
ture of, 382, 383; Lincoln visits, 383.
Right of petition, defended by
J. Q. Adams, 301.

Rio Grande, claimed as boundary by
Texans, 304: made southwestern
boundary of United States, 306; a
natural boundary, 147.

224.

St. Croix River, De Monts establishes
fur-trading post on, 29.

St. Lawrence River, 110; river and
gulf of, discovered by Cartier, 28;
river ascended by Champlain, 29.
St. Leger, Colonel, retreats from Fort
Stanwix, 171.

St. Louis, growth of, 283; bridge at,
283; center of Western fur trade, 310.