Engineering Record:

1906, v. 53, p. 100 (preserving contractor's rights).

1910, v. 62, p. 18 (standardizing forms).

1911, v. 64, p. 604 (comment on N. Y. City specifications and contracts); pp.

644, 678, 777 (relations of engineers and contractors).

1912, v. 66, p. 527 (alternative methods).

1912, V. 66, p. 589 (objectionable features, government contracts). 1912, v. 66, p. 693 (unfair clauses).

1913, v. 67, p. 148 (public work contracts).

Engineering-Contracting, Nov. 17, 1909 (symposium).

Connecticut Society of Civil Engineers, 1909 Report, p. 1 (engineer in court).

Ohio Engineering Society, 1907 Report, p. 80 (contracts and contractors).

1908 Report, p. 60 (specifications and their improvement).

Society of the Municipal Engineers of New York City, May, 1904 (general discussion).

ADVERTISEMENT AND INFORMATION FOR BIDDERS

Engineering News:

1905, v. 54, p. 466 (fraudulent advertising).

1907, v. 57, p. 587 (obscure advertising).

1909, v.

61, p. 631 (local bidders).

1911, v. 66, p. 306 (theory of advertisement); p. 321 (public corporation advertising).

1912, v. 67, p. 434 (summary, instructions to bidders, etc.).

Engineering Record:

1903, v. 48, p. 1 (competition in local work).

1905, v. 52, p. 676 (U. S. government work).

1908, v. 57, p. 220 (approximate estimates).

1908, v. 58, p. 29 (rejecting all bids).

1910, v. 61, p. 289 (approximate estimates).

Ohio Engineering Society, 1908 Report, p. 144 (approximate estimates).

Engineering News:

PROPOSAL

1903, v. 50, p. 269 (laws governing awards).

1904, V. 52, p. 181 (security with bids); p. 363 (precautions in preparing blanks);

p. 423 (mentioning time).

1905, v. 54, pp. 466, 515 (fraudulent proposals).

1907, v. 57, p. 588 (fraudulent proposals).

1908, v. 60, p. 439 (lowest responsible bidder).

1909, v. 61, p. 175 (pooling bids, Germany).

1909, v. 62, p. 100 (lowest bidder, Ohio). 1912, v. 67, p. 434 (instructions to bidders). 1912, v. 68, p. 173 (pooling bids).

Engineering Record:

1906, v. 54, p. 37 (lowest bidder, Cross River dam). 1907, v. 56, p. 220 (lowest bidder, Ashokan dams). 1911, v. 64, pp. 61, 231 (lowest bidder).

Engineering News:

Lump Sum versus Unit Prices

1905, v. 53, p. 17 (advantages of unit prices); p. 100 (advantages of lump sum).

Specifications and Plans

Engineering News:

1903, v. 50, p. 543 (omissions).

1905, v. 53, p. 594 (sufficiency of plans).

1905, v. 54, pp. 577, 580 (alterations, Manhattan bridge). 1906, v. 55, pp. 120, 128 (alterations, Manhattan bridge).'

1902, v. 48, p. 213 (limits to engineer's authority).

1903, v. 50, p. 543 (powers of engineer).

1905, v. 53, pp. 76, 344, 594 (powers and duties of engineer).

1907, v. 58, p. 2 (enforcement of specifications).

1909, v. 61, p. 387 (death of engineer).

1912, v. 67, p. 166 (engineer's liability to contractor).

1912, v. 68, p. 682 (arbitration board).

1912, v. 66, p. 100 (engineer's decision and board of arbitration, England).

Western Society of Civil Engineers, 1912 Report (arbitration).

Transactions American Society of Civil Engineers: v. 58, pp. 345, 380 (powers of engineer).

The Contractor's Miscellaneous Responsibilities

Engineering News:

1912, v. 68, p. 455 (German decision on accidents).

Engineering Record:

1908, v. 58, p. 627 (accidents to workmen, faulty material).

1911, v. 64, p. 495 (liability insurance).

1912, v. 65, p. 190 (responsibility for accidents).

1905, v. 53, p. 258 (delay and suspension, railroad work); p. 594 (time limit, etc.).

1905, v. 54, p. 356 (damages for delay, Williamsburg bridge).

1906, v. 55, p. 88 (strike clause, building contracts); p. 323 (damages for delay). 1911, v. 65, pp. 602, 603 (court decision, time penalty).

Engineering Record:

1906, v. 53, p. 48 (delays, suspension); p. 120 (penalties and forfeitures).

1908, v. 57, pp. 387, 587 (delay).

1908, v. 58, p. 383 (time penalty clauses).

1909, v. 60, p. 152 (penalty vs. liquidated damages).

1910, v. 61, p. 765 (delay).

1911, v. 64, p. 246 (delay); pp. 347, 351 (reasonable diligence).

1912, v. 66, p. 561 (delays), p. 657 (liquidated damages decisions).

Engineering Magazine, Feb., 1904.

U. S. Statutes, 183d., Sun Printing Co. vs. Moore (penalty and liquidated damages),

1904, v. 52, p. 151 (assignment); pp. 198, 242 (per cent retained).

1905, v. 53, p. 339 (unpaid bills, U. S. government contracts).

1905, v. 54, p. 42 (extra work clauses); pp. 577, 581 (illegal extra work).

1906, v. 55, pp. 120, 128 (illegal extra work).

1907, v. 58, p. 356 (extra work).

1909, v. 61, p. 196 (extra work clauses).

1910, v. 63, p. 266 (maintenance).

1910, v. 64, p. 491 (maintenance).

1912, v. 68, p. 284 (subcontractor clause); p. 529 (maintenance); p. 1043 (extra work 530 B.C.).

Engineering Record:

1906, v. 53, p. 22 (extra work); p. 66 (receipt in full).

1907, v. 55, p. 667 (final certificate).

1910, v. 62, p. 478 (extra work).

1912, v. 66, p. 142 (guarantee of performance).

1913, v. 67, pp. 48, 352 (extra work).

Municipal Engineering: 1913, v. 44, p. 118 (extra work).

Connecticut Society of Civil Engineers, 1909 Report, p. 6 (extra work clauses).

SPECIFIC CLAUSES

The American Society for Testing Materials has issued standard specifications for ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, cement and clay products, and miscellaneous materials (including road material, bitumen, lumber, etc.). The American Railway Engineering Association has prepared standard specifications for a variety of materials, including steel and iron, timber, etc. Ostrup's "Standard Specifications for Structural Steel, Timber, Concrete and Reinforced Concrete" is a useful reference book. The National Association of Cement Users issues pamphlets containing specifications for sidewalks, building blocks, street pavements, curb and gutter, various concrete surfaces, etc.

References to other standard specifications and to discussions of points in connection with specific clauses follow.

Ogden, "Sewer Construction."

Engineering News:

Sewers

1903, v. 50, p. 342 (measurement of length). 1905, v. 53, p. 367 (measurement of length). 1913, v. 69, p. 484 (sewer pipe).

Engineering Record:

1908, v. 57, p. 114 (change in sewer plans).

1910, v. 61, pp. 3, 25 (N. Y. City).

1913, v. 67, p. 235 (vitrified pipe).

Municipal Engineering:

1910, v. 39, p. 317 (St. Louis). 1912, v. 42, p. 90 (outline).

Engineering World, Oct. 5, 1906.

Macadam Roads

The standard specifications of various states, as Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Maryland, California. (These are sometimes included in the annual reports of the highway commissions, and are printed separately.)

Organization for Standardizing Paving Specifications.

Engineering News:

1904, v. 52, p. 241 (defective specifications).

1912, v. 68, pp. 1018, 1106 (patent infringements, road contracts). Municipal Engineering, 1909, v. 37, p. 254 (bituminous macadam). Engineering-Contracting, Dec. 8, 1909 (bituminous macadam).

Cast-Iron Water Pipe (and accessories)

American Water Works Association.

New England Water Works Association.

(Either of these standard specifications

may be found in pipe manufacturers' handbooks.)

Engineering News, 1904, v. 52, p. 287 (comments).

Concrete and Stone Masonry

Baker, "Masonry Construction."

Watson, "General Specifications for Concrete Bridges."

Pamphlets issued by cement manufacturers.

Engineering News:

1905, v. 53, pp. 41, 98 (value of perch).

1910, v. 64, pp. 492, 540 (Chicago concrete measurement rules).

1912, v. 67, p. 775 (stone masonry, Kensico Dam).

1913, v. 69, p. 121 (concrete dam).

Municipal Engineering:

1909, v. 36, p. 227 (concrete bridges).

v. 37, pp. 178, 186 (concrete walks).

1910, v. 39, p. 385 (expansion joints, walks).

U. S. Forestry Bulletin No. 71.

Lumber or Timber

Various Lumbermen's Associations Standards, as that of Yellow Pine Manufacturers

Association, etc.