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JOB I.

! איש היה בארץ עוץ איוב שמו והיה האיש ההוא תם 2 וישר וירא אלהים וסר מרע: ויולדו לו שבעה בנים 3 ושלש בנות: ויהי מקנהו שבעת אלפי צאן ושלשת אלפי גמלים וחמש מאות צמד בקר וחמש מאות אתונות ועבדה רבה מאד ויהי האיש ההוא גדול מכל 4 בני קדם: והלכו בניו ועשו משתה בית איש יומו ושלחו וקראו לשלשת אחיתיהם לאכל ולשתות

1. ' man, according to some, a root, with others from us fire, but

in, from ב .to exist היה .reality, subsistence, to be יש most probably from .Uz. Vide Gen. x עוץ .to run, to break רץ earth, from ארץ .hollow בה Job, the fhersecuted איוב .to make firm, to devise עצה perhaps from ,23

to finish, hence fherfect. Here perfect תם .he הוא or הו his, for ו .name

one, from 's to persecute, an enemy. D to put, constitute, hence a

in parts, not in degree. Vide c. ix. 20. 30, 31.* to direct, hence up

.Arab אלה God, perhaps from אלהים .to fear, to reverence ירא .ight

to reverence. D to decline, to depart. yn to be evil, evil.

.

2. to beget, to bear. пy seven, from yaw to satisfy, also seven.

בנות .a daughter, plur בנות for בת to build, hence בנה a som, from בן .three שלש

* For Job to have written this, would have been greater self-commendation, than that for which he was reproved; it is improbable that he was the author, and impossible that he should record his own death. The style is not that of the pentateuch; every argument, therefore, which proves Moses to have written those five books, will equally prove that he did not write this. Chap. xxxii. 15, 16. point us to Elihu as the writer, this is confirmed by his age, knowledge, presence as a spectator, and the coincidence of his sentiments with the divine decision.

JOB I.

THERE was a man in the land of Uz, whose name was Job; and that man was perfect and upright, and one that feared God, and eschewed evil.

2 And there were born unto him seven sons and three daughters. 3 His substance also was seven thousand sheep, and three thousand camels, and five hundred yoke of oxen, and five hundred she-asses and a very great household; so that this man was the greatest of all the men of the east.

4 And his sons went and feasted in their houses, every one his day; and sent and called for their three sisters, to eat and to drink with them.

3. pp possession, acquisition, cattle, from up to possess. plur. ''s a principal, a thousand. ¡ small cattle, sheep.*i a camel; as a verb, to return, or to requite. won to array, five. n plur. IND an hundred. Dy to couple, a pair, or yoke. p a beeve, collectively, a herd of bulls or cows; as a verb, to look. n plur. in a she-ass, from in strong. May the servants of the household, a female servant, from Tay to serve, a servant. and fem. n many, from to multiply. strength, very great, very. to increase, to become great.

all, from nɔ to finish. □p to be before, also antiquity, the east.

בית .to drink שתה a feast, from משתה .to make עשה .to go הלך .4

house, perhaps from na a hollow vessel, and both from n hollow, or rather the same. Dr day, supposed to be from ' or D, or from non to agitate. My to send. p to call. ns and nins a sister, plur. n's sisters, from to connect. to eat. nny to drink. Dy with.

On and on them, they, as a verb, to agitate.

*In this account of Job's wealth we find no mention of money. In Abraham's day, metals, when given as a price, were taken by weight. Ch. xlii. 11, has therefore been alleged as an argument against the antiquity of this book; but now is rendered "a piece of money," without authority. That word occurs beside only in Gen. xxxiii. 19,

T

5 עמהם: ויהי כי הקיפו ימי המשתה וישלח איוב ויקדשם 5 והשכים בבקר והעלה עלות מספר כלם כי אמר איוב אולי חטאו בני וברכו אלהים בלבבם ככה יעשה כל הימים: ויהי היום ויבאו בני האלהים 6 איוב כל ז להתיצב על יהוה ויבא גם השטן בתוכם: ויאמר יהוה אל השטן מאין תבא ויען השטן את יהוה ויאמר 8 משוט בארץ ומהתהלך בה: ויאמר יהוה אל השטן 8 השמת לבך על עבדי איוב כי אין כמהו בארץ איש

קרש.to send שלח .4 .see ver בשתה .dag יום .to revolve נקף or יקף .5

to sanctify. D to be diligent, to rise early. p to search, the morning.

ספר a number, from מספר .עלות .to ascend, a burnt-offering, plur עלה because, for, surely, from כי .to finish כלה all, from כל .to enumerate ,ignorance אול herhafts, from אולי .to sfreak, to say אמר .to restrain כהה

grossness. Un to miss, to deviate, to sin. 1 see ver. 2. 1 to bless. This word is used as a valediction, 2 Sam. xix. 39. So it may be here," and have taken leave of God in their heart." This sense of a renunciation, rather than a curse, should perhaps be given in ver. 11, in ch. ii. 5. 9, and in 1 Kin. xxi. 10-13, which are the only places in

and Joshua xxiv. 32, in which places the Chaldee Targ. Septuag. and Vulgate render it a young sheep, or lamb.

That this book was written near the days of the patriarchs, we infer from the length of the life of Job; his being the priest of his family; from the style and manner of writing; the mention of the deluge, and the destruction of Sodom; and from its silence with respect to Israel, the destruction of the Egyptians, and the law given at Sinai; and that therefore it is a precious relic of the true religion as anciently possessed by the nations. If these ideas be correct, this is the oldest book in the world. Confucius was probably contemporary with Cy-rus; Homer and Hesiod with Elijah; Sanchoniathon with Gideon; but this was before Moses, who must have delivered it to the Israelites; since the Jews have always acknowledged its authority, know no later reception of it, and would probably have received a Gentile book from no other hand.

5 And it was so, when the days of their feasting were gone about, that Job sent and sanctified them, and rose up early in the morning, and offered burnt-offerings according to the number of them all: for Job said, It may be that my sons have sinned, and cursed God in their hearts. Thus did Job continually.

6 Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the Lord, and Satan came also among them.

7 And the Lord said unto Satan, Whence comest thou? Then Satan answered the Lord, and said, From going to and fro in the earth. 8 And the Lord said unto Satan, Hast thou considered my servant Job, that there is none like him in the earth, a perfect and an upright man, one that feareth God, and escheweth evil?

to move aufi לבב .1 .ver אלהים ,which it has been taken in an evil sense

and down, the heart. is the same. in this manner, from 2 in, thus, from n to restrain, my to do, to observe. Dy day.

and

6.

to come, or go. y to stand, or place.

Jehovah. Vide ante Gen. ii. 5. num. 154. Da also. ¡ow to oppose, an adversary, Satan. the midst, from TM to be within.

7.

from whence. D from, and is the same as ¡s and whither,

to move שor a שטה .to answer ענה .6 .vide ver בא .to occur אנה from

[blocks in formation]

8. D to put, or place.

to walk, to change place.*

ver. 5. Tay to serve, a servant. ' not, from vanity, labour. m and i like him. I as, and 1 him, perhaps from who. For the other words, see ver. 1.

* It can be no valid objection to this history of Job, that the important truth, that God by a wise providence governs the affairs of men and devils, suffering them all to act according to their natures, and yet producing good out of the whole, should be represented in the form of a parable. The facts, which are recorded in this book relative to Job, might according to the ideas of men be referred to such a conversation between the Lord and Satan, as their precursor, though it did not actually obtain. Vide 1 Kings xxii. 19.

9 תם וישר ירא אלהים וסר מרע: ויען השטן את יהוה 10 ויאמר החנם ירא איוב אלהים: הלא את שכת בעדו

אל ביתו ובעד כל אשר לו מסביב מעשה ידיו ברכת ומקנהו פרץ בארץ: ואולם שלח נא ידך וגע בכל אשר 11 12 לו אם לא על פניך יברכך: ויאמר יהוה אל השטן הנה כל אשר לו בידך רק אליו אל תשלח ידך ויצא השטן 13 מעם פני יהוה: ויהי היום ובניו ובנתיו אכלים 14 ושתים יין בבית אחיהם הבכור: ומלאך בא אל איוב ויאמר הבקר היו חרשות והאתנות רעות על 15 ידיהם: ותפל שבא ותקחם ואת הנערים הכו לפי 16 חרב ואמלטה רק אני לבדי להגיד לך: עוד זה מדבר וזה בא ויאמר אש אלהים נפלה מן השמים

9. My to answer. D causelessly, out of kindness, from ¡n to have affection for. Y to fear.

10. ns or nns thou, to approach. W to fence, or hedge. y behind, without, for defence. the environs, circumference, from 10 to form a circuit, 30 to turn. nuyn a work, or deed, from my to do. T

a ftossession מקנה .to bless ברך .to ertend ידה from ידים .the hand, plur ,to burst forth, or increase פרץ .to acquire קנה from

לא

11. D yet, notwithstanding, from D to compress. n to reach, forth. now, to fail. ya to touch. DN if, a mother, a city. no, not, from 1 to fail. by upon, from ny to ascend. p plur. the face, from 3 to turn. to bless, to renounce, see ver. 5.

ידה the hand, from יד .to finish כלה all, from כל .to offhose שטן .12

to cast forth. p only, yet, except, vain, and in Hiph. to empty. " and to, unto, from to interpose. x is a particle of prohibition, or negation, not, no. nhw to cast forth. to go forth. Dyn from before,. from with. from, and Dy with, before.

13.

from

to eat. n to drink. " wine, from n to press. N’7 a house, a large measure called a bath, or from n to build, see in

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