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TABLE 2.-AVERAGE MONTHLY TURNOVER RATES IN SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES

Class of turnover rates

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1930 1931

Novem- Octo- Novem-Novem- Octo- Novem-Novem- Octo- November, ber, ber, ber, ber,

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Of the 10 industries for which separate figures are shown, automobiles had the highest accession rate, 16.51. The lowest accession rate (1.62) was shown by the men's clothing industry. (This large increase in hiring in the automobile industry occurred after the 15th of the month. This is the largest hiring rate shown for the automobile industry for any month, either in 1930 or 1931.)

The highest quit rate (1.24) occurred in the slaughtering and meatpacking industry and the lowest (0.39) in the foundry and machineshop industry. Brick registered the highest discharge rate (0.55); the lowest (0.06) occurred in the iron and steel industry. The highest lay-off rate (10.17) was registered by the brick industry and the lowest (1.80) by the iron and steel industry.

Building Permits in Principal Cities of the United States, November, 1931

EPORTS of building operations were received by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor from 342 identical cities having a population of 25,000 or over for the months of October, 1931, and November, 1931, and from 294 identical cities for the months of November, 1930, and November, 1931.

The cost figures as shown in the following tables apply to the cost of the buildings as estimated by the prospective builder on applying for his permit to build. No land costs are included. Only building projects within the corporate limits of the cities enumerated are shown. The States of Illinois, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, through their departments of labor, are cooperating with the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics in the collection of these data.

Table 1 shows the estimated cost of new residential buildings, of new nonresidential buildings, of additions, alterations, and repairs, and of total building operations in 342 identical cities of the United States, by geographic divisions.

TABLE 1.-ESTIMATED COST OF NEW BUILDINGS, OF ADDITIONS, ALTERATIONS. AND REPAIRS, AND OF TOTAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION IN 342 IDENTICAL CITIES, AS SHOWN BY PERMITS ISSUED IN OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER, 1931, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS

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Reports received from these 342 cities indicate that there was a decrease of 14.9 per cent in the indicated expenditures for total building operations, comparing permits issued during November with those issued during October. The cost of buildings for which permits were issued during November was $72,742,635.

Expenditures for residential buildings decreased 25.4 per cent comparing November with October. All geographic divisions with the exception of the South Central States showed decreases in this class of building. The decreases ranged from 13.7 per cent in the New England States to 34.8 per cent in the Middle Atlantic States.

There was a decrease of 6.2 per cent in indicated expenditures for new nonresidential buildings. However, four geographic divisions showed increases for this class of structure, while only three showed decreases. The increases ranged from 2.1 per cent in the New England States to 136.4 per cent in the South Atlantic States. The decreases extended from a low of 8.7 per cent in the Mountain and Pacific States to a high of 45.7 in the Middle Atlantic States.

Projected expenditures for additions, alterations, and repairs decreased 15.6, comparing November permits with October permits. All geographic divisions showed decreases in this class of building operation. The lowest decrease, 1.9 per cent, occurred in the New England States and the highest, 33.3 per cent, in the East North Central States.

Two of the seven geographic divisions, the West North Central and the South Atlantic, showed increases in total building operations. The other five divisions registered decreases. The smallest decrease, 5.0 per cent, occurred in the New England States, and the largest, 35.8 per cent, in the Middle Atlantic States.

The new residential buildings for which permits were issued during November were to provide for 5,826 families. This is 27.4 per cent fewer family dwelling units than were provided during the month of October. The South Central was the only geographic division showing an increase in family dwelling units provided. Of the six geographic divisions showing decreases in family dwelling units, the South Atlantic States had the smallest decrease, 2. 8 per cent, and the Middle Atlantic States had the largest, 37.4 per cent.

Table 2 shows the number of new residential buildings, of new nonresidential buildings, of additions, alterations, and repairs, and of total building operations in 342 identical cities of the United States, by geographic divisions.

TABLE 2.-NUMBER OF NEW BUILDINGS, OF ADDITIONS, ALTERATIONS, AND REPAIRS, AND OF TOTAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION IN 342 IDENTICAL CITIES, AS SHOWN BY PERMITS ISSUED IN OCTOBER, 1931, AND NOVEMBER, 1931, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION

New residential New nonresidential Additions, alterations, Total construction buildings

buildings

Geographic division

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and repairs October, Novem1931 ber, 1931

October, Novem1931 ber, 1931

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Permits were issued during November, 1931, for 27,621 building projects. This was a decrease of 26.8 per cent as compared with the building projects for which permits were issued in these cities during October. The number of new residential buildings decreased 23.7 per cent; the number of new nonresidential buildings, 29.0 per cent; and the number of additions, alterations, and repairs, 23.6 per cent, comparing November with October.

Table 3 shows the index number of families provided for and the index numbers of indicated expenditures for new residential buildings, for new nonresidential buildings, for additions, alterations, and repairs, and for total building operations. These indexes are worked on the chain system with the monthly average of 1929 equaling 100.

TABLE 3.-INDEX NUMBERS OF FAMILIES PROVIDED FOR AND OF THE ESTIMATED COST OF BUILDING OPERATIONS AS SHOWN BY PERMITS ISSUED IN PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES, JANUARY, 1930, TO NOVEMBER, 1931, INCLUSIVE [Monthly average, 1929=100]

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The index number of families provided for and the index numbers of all classes of building construction reached a low point for the 2-year period in November, 1931.

The charts on pages 115 and 116 show in graphic form the information contained in this table.

Table 4 shows the number and value of contracts awarded for public buildings by the different agencies of the United States Government during the months of October, 1931, and November, 1931, by geographic divisions.

TABLE 4.-CONTRACTS LET FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS BY DIFFERENT AGENCIES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT DURING OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER, 1931, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS

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During November, 1931, the agencies of the Federal Government from which reports were received awarded contracts for 108 building operations to cost $14,437,537. This is $4,000,000 more than the total value of contracts awarded during October. The contracts were issued by the following Federal agencies: United States Capitol Architect; Office of the Quartermaster General, War Department; Bureau of Yards and Docks, Navy Department; Supervising Architect Treasury Department; United States Veterans' Bureau; and the Office of Public Parks and Public Buildings.

Table 5 shows the value of contracts awarded by the different State governments for public buildings during the months of October, 1931, and November, 1931, by geographic divisions.

TABLE 5.-CONTRACTS AWARDED FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS BY THE DIFFERENT STATE GOVERNMENTS DURING OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER, 1931, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS

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Contracts awarded by the various State governments during November, 1931, totaled $7,485,239, an increase of over $2,000,000 over the contracts awarded by the various States during October, 1931. Whenever a contract is awarded by the Federal Government or by a State government for buildings in cities having a population of 25,000 or over the number or cost of such buildings is included in the number and cost as shown in the several tables presented herewith.

Table 6 shows the estimated cost of new residential buildings; of new nonresidential buildings; of additions, alterations, and repairs; and of total building operations in 294 identical cities having a population of 25,000 or over for the months of November, 1930, and November, 1931, by geographic divisions.

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