TABLE 1.-COMPARISON OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-ROLL TOTALS IN IDENTICAL NONMANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS IN OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER, 1931, BY INDUSTRIES-Continued

Not including electric car building and repairing; see manufacturing industries, Table 1, et seq.
Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent.

The amount of pay roll given represents cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips can not be computed.

Included in the total of 991 establishments reporting in November were 2 establishments which were closed in October but had resumed operation in November, and 112 establishments which were operating in October and reported a seasonal closing in November, 1931. There were also 73 additional canning establishments, whose reports were not included in the total number of reporting establishments, as the plants had been seasonally closed for a period of 2 or more months.

TABLE 2.-COMPARISON OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-ROLL TOTALS IN NONMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, NOVEMBER, 1931, WITH NOVEMBER, 1930

Indexes of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals for Nonmanufacturing

Industries

TABLE 3 shows the index numbers of employment and pay-roll totals for anthracite, bituminous coal, and metalliferous mining, quarrying, crude petroleum producing, telephone and telegraph, power, light, and water, electric railroads, wholesale and retail trade, hotels, and canning and preserving, by months, from January, 1930, to November, 1931, with the monthly average for 1929 as 100. Index numbers for the laundering and the dyeing and cleaning groups are not presented, as data for the base year, 1929, are not available.

TABLE 3.-INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-ROLL TOTALS FOR NONMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, JANUARY, 1930, TO NOVEMBER, 1931

1 Not including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see vehicles group, manufacturing industries, Table 1, et seq.

Employment in Building Construction in November, 1931 INFORMATION as to changes in volume of employment and payby the Bureau of Labor Statistics appears in the following table. Similar data, furnished by 4 cooperating State bureaus, covering 5 cities in Pennsylvania-Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Reading, Scranton, and Erie; Baltimore (Md.), and the States of Massachusetts and Wisconsin are also presented.

The table shows the number of identical firms reporting for both months, the number of employees, and the amount of earnings in one week in October and November, 1931, together with the per cents of change over the month period.

In the 38 cities covered by the Federal bureau, reports were received from 6,186 identical contractors who had a total employment for a week ending near November 15 of 61,139 as compared with 67,970 for a similar period in October. While this is a decrease of 10.1 per cent, 8 cities showed increased employment in November over that of October. These increases ranged from 1.8 for Fort Wayne to 18.8 per cent for Salt Lake City. The combined pay roll of all reporting firms for a week ending near November 15 was $1,741,484. This is a decrease of 11.7 per cent when compared with $1,973,158, the amount of pay roll for a similar period ending near October 15. Increased pay rolls are shown in 3 cities.

The information for the 5 cities in Pennsylvania covers 1,189 firms whose employment for the week ending nearest November 15 was 9,311 as compared with 10,373 in October. This is a decrease of 10.2 per cent. Combined pay rolls in these 5 cities decreased about the same percentage.

When all the information supplied by cooperating State bureaus is combined with that of the Federal bureau, the number of identical firms reporting is increased to 8,214. These firms had a combined total of 83,287 employees for a week ending near November 15 as compared with 92,067 for a similar period in October. This is a decrease of 9.5 per cent. These same firms had a combined pay roll of $2,418,546 for a week ending near November 15, which was 10.5 per cent less than the $2,703,495 reported for a similar period in October.

Data concerning the building-construction industry appearing in the following table have not been included in the summary table shown at the beginning of this trend of employment section.

The several industrial groups in the summary table are not weighted according to their relative importance, and the bureau's monthly employment survey of the building-construction industry, while being steadily expanded, has not yet attained sufficient volume to represent its proper proportion in comparison with the other 15 industrial groups in the summary table.

COMPARISON OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-ROLL TOTALS IN THE BUILDING-CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN IDENTICAL FIRMS, OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER, 1931

Employment on Class I Steam Railroads in the United States

HE monthly trend of employment from January, 1923, to October 1931, on Class I railroads-that is, all roads having operating revenues of $1,000,000 or over-is shown by the index numbers published in Table 1. These index numbers are constructed from monthly reports of the Interstate Commerce Commission, using the monthly average for 1926 as 100.

TABLE 1.-INDEX OF EMPLOYMENT ON CLASS I STEAM RAILROADS IN THE UNITED STATES, JANUARY, 1923, TO OCTOBER, 1931

Table 2 shows the total number of employees on the 15th day each of October, 1930, and September and October, 1931, and pay-roll totals for the entire months.

In these tabulations data for the occupational group reported as "executives, officials, and staff assistants are omitted.

TABLE 2-EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS OF RAILROAD EMPLOYEES, OCTOBER, 1930, AND SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER, 1931

[From monthly reports of Interstate Commerce Commission.

As data for cnly the more important occupations are shown separately, the group totals are not the sum of the items under the respective groups[