The Moore delighting still in villainy The Moore I caus'd to strike it off with speede, But as my life did linger thus in paine, Then past reliefe I upp and downe did goe, The empresse then, thinking that I was mad, 85 90 95 100 I fed their foolish veines+ a certaine space, I cut their throates, my daughter held the pan 105 110 *If the ballad was written before the play, I should suppose this to be only a metaphorical expression, taken from that in the Psalms, "They shoot out their arrows, even bitter words." Ps. lxiv. 3. † i. e. encouraged them in their foolish humours, or fancies. Myselfe bereav'd my daughter then of life, Then this revenge against the Moore was found, 115 120 XIV. TAKE THOSE LIPS AWAY. THE first stanza of this little sonnet, which an eminent critic justly admires for its extreme sweetness, is found in Shakespeare's "Measure for Measure," A. iv. sc. i. Both the stanzas are preserved in Beaum. and Fletcher's "Bloody Brother," A. v. sc. ii. Sewel and Gildon have printed it among Shakespeare's smaller poems, but they have done the same by twenty other pieces that were never writ by him, their book being a wretched heap of inaccuracies and mistakes. It is not found in Jaggard's old edition of Shakespeare's "Passionate Pilgrim," &c. † TAKE, oh take those lips away, That so sweetlye were forsworne ; And those eyes, the breake of day, But my kisses bring againe, Seales of love, but seal'd in vaine. Dr. Warburton in his Shakesp. 5 + Mr. Malone, in his improved edition of Shakespeare's "Sonnets," &c. hath substituted this instead of Marlow's Madrigal, printed above; for which he hath assigned reasons, which the Reader may see in his Vol. x. p. 340. Hide, oh hide those hills of snowe, 10 XV. KING LEIR AND HIS THREE DAUGHTERS. THE Reader has here an ancient ballad on the subject of King Lear, which (as a sensible female critic has well observed) bears so exact an analogy to the argument of Shakespeare's play, that his having copied it could not be doubted, if it were certain, that it was written before the tragedy. Here is found the hint of Lear's madness, which the old chronicles † do not mention, as also the extravagant cruelty exercised on him by his daughters. In the death of Lear they likewise very exactly coincide.-The misfortune is, that there is nothing to assist us in ascertaining the date of the ballad but what little evidence arises from within; this the Reader must weigh and judge for himself. It may be proper to observe, that Shakespeare was not the first of our Dramatic Poets who fitted the Story of Leir to the Stage. His first 4to edition is dated 1608; but three years before that had been printed a play intitled, "The true Chronicle History of Leir and his three daughters Gonorill, Ragan, and Cordella, as it hath been divers and sundry times lately acted," 1605, 4to. -This is a very poor and dull performance, but happily excited Shakespeare to undertake the subject, which he has given with very different incidents. It is remarkable, that neither the circumstances of Leir's madness, nor his retinue of a select number of knights, nor the affecting deaths of Cordelia and Leir, are found in that first dramatic piece: in all which Shakespeare concurs with this ballad. But to form a true judgement of Shakespeare's merit, the curious Reader should cast his eye over that previous sketch; *Mrs. Lennox. Shakespeare illustrated, Vol. iii. p. 302. + See Jeffery of Monmouth, Holingshed, &c. who relate Leir's history in many respects the same as the ballad. which he will find printed at the end of "the Twenty Plays of Shakespeare," republished from the quarto impressions by George Steevens, Esq. with such elegance and exactness as led us to expect that fine edition of all the works of our great Dramatic Poet, which he hath since published. The following Ballad is given from an ancient copy in the "Golden Garland," bl. let. intitled, "A lamentable song of the Death of King Lear and his Three Daughters. To the tune of When flying Fame." KING Leir once ruled in this land So, on a time, it pleas'd the king To whom the eldest thus began ; Ere that I see your reverend age "And so will I," the second said; And serve your highness night and day That sweet content and quietness "In doing so, you glad my soul," The aged king reply'd ; "But what sayst thou, my youngest girl, How is thy love ally'd?" 66 My love" (quoth young Cordelia then) "Which to your grace I owe, Shall be the duty of a child, And that is all I'll show." "And wilt thou shew no more," quoth he, "Than doth thy duty bind ? I well perceive thy love is small, Henceforth I banish thee my court, Nor any part of this my realm Thy elder sisters loves are more To whom I equally bestow With those thy sisters be maintain'd Thus flattering speeches won renown, The third had causeless banishment, Went wandring up and down, Through many an English town: 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 |