Second-The Board of Supervisors are compelled by law to raise, a county school fund, and as the minimum, an amount equal to $6 for each census child in the county. The board has the right to raise more than that amount, provided their levy does not exceed fifty cents on the one hundred dollars. In considering the estimate handed to it by the County Superintendent of Schools, and in providing for the minimum amount required as above stated, the Board of Supervisors may take into consideration any moneys on hand remaining in the unapportioned county school funds of the county, so that the amount already on hand in the unapportioned county school fund of the county, ard the amount the board raises, taken together. shall equal the mini. mum of at least $6 for each census child in the county. Third-If the Board of Supervisors have omitted to raise this amount, it is your duty to ascertain the number of census children in this county, multiply that by $6 per census child, deduct from this amount the amount raised by the Board of Supervisors, and levy a rate sufficient to raise the difference between what the Board of Supervisors have raised and the amount necessary to constitute the fund at $6 per census child, and add the same to the assessment roll of the county. Fourth-No other moneys can be taken into consideration in raising this minimum amount, save and except those which remain in the un apportioned county school funds of the county. And moneys on hand District Attorney of San Joaquin county, California. Under Section 1819 of the Political Code "If the Supervisors fail to levy the tax as herein provided, then the Auditor must, and add it to the assessment roll. On receipt of District Attorney Nutter's opinion, the County Auditor promptly raised the rate. The point at issue was a vital one not only to the schools of San Joaquin County but to the schools of the whole State. If Boards of Supervisors can take the law into their own hands in fixing the county school tax rate, the schools could be financially crippled at any time any Board so chose. The schools of San Joaquin County are to be congratulated on having won the r point, and having secured the minimum amount of county school funds clearly contemplated by the law. WESTERN CHOOL A. J. Allen, a teacher of Oregon, left Jacksonville in disgrace, according to the Times. Julia Powell Rice, formerly of Los Angeles, is now special teacher of music in the Santa Barbara schools. The school funds of San Francisco are reported $90,000 short of the amount necessary to pay running expenses. Dr. T. B. Leland, candidate for Supervisor in San Francisco, is a graduate of the San Jose Normal School. School Director Thomas A. Burns of San Francisco has been indicted by the Grand Jury for fraud in connection with lumber deals for the school buildings. C. H. Meeker of Escondido, Cal., a man of considerable prominence in educational circles, has resigned and left the county, having been accused of unnatural crimes. The University Club of Los Angeles entertained President Lyte, Superintendent Greenwood, Secretary Sheppard and Superintendent A. G. Lane. The guests expressed themselves as highly delighted with the splendid facilities offered by Los Angeles for N. E. A. The San Diego Board of Education has adopted the following rules introduced by Mr. Louis: "That this board will not engage or employ any teacher or employe who has not previously filed with the clerk of this board a certificate signed by a reputable physician that said applicant is free from tuberculosis or other contagious disease." A number of the Los Angeles Normal School teachers met at the residence of President E. T. Pierce recently and formed a philosophical club for the reading and study of philosophy and philosophical questions. The club is to be an informal organization, and Dr. Van Liew was chosen as leader. Meetings will be held every Monday evening at the Pierce mansion, and the first study will be Bowne's "Theory of Thought." The members of the club are President and Mrs. Pierce, Dr. and Mrs. Van Liew, Miss Agnes Elliott of the Custer street school, Dr. Shults, Professor Davis, Professor Shepardson and Mr. Von Neumayer. The Sonora Banner thus describes the condition of the school in that place: "The names of three hundred and fifty-one children are enrolled in the Sonora public schools. The number of rooms in use are five. The scholars in the different departments are: Miss M. A. Fahey's room, 40; Miss M. Gibbon's, 43; Miss H. Moriis, 54; Miss I. Hall's, 64; Miss M. Keeffe's, 70; Mrs. A. A. Miller's, 80. Think of 150 pupils being crowded into two rooms. That is a sin against the scholars and a curse placed upon the teachers. That is true badness, but it becomes doubly worse when the primary teacher is expected to handle 80 infants. 'Tis enough to send her to heaven. There should be another department. The trustees should at once raise the burden off the sardine frctory and give sufficient room to the tutor to breathe and for the pupils to turn around. Rev. George R. Dodson addressed the Alameda Teachers' Club recently. He said: "German teachers say that the children there have little chance for study. Among the common people the children are overtaxed with work in the struggle for daily existence. Children at the tender age of three are found adding their feeble effort to that of older ones in the field. Boys of twelve years leave school to go home and cook the meals for the whole family who are busied at outdoor labor. These lower classes everywhere in France and Germany are always polite and good natured-in crowds, at the theatre, every place you fail to see the roughs that you find in those places in England and America. Principal W. W. Stone of the Burnett school and President of the Lincoln League, has written a series of instructive and entertaining sketches of his reminiscences of Dewey when the latter was commander of the Colorado. Portland, Oregon, needs larger school facilities. Teachers' Meetings. Northern California Teachers' Association, Chico, Dec. 1st and 2d. Plumas County Institute. Superintendent Kate Donnelly held her annual institute at Quincy Oct. Iath to 11th. Harr Wagner and Joaquin Miller were present and took part in the proceedings. The program was unique in that all the forces centered upon school management, with Emerson E. White's book as the authority. The teachers were well prepared to take part in all discussions and each teacher had something of value to say on the subject. Mrs. Donnelly has a progressive body of teachers and Plumas County is fully abreast of the times in educational matters. Superintendent A. P. Sanborn held his institute at Vacaville this year October 10th to 14th. Professor S L. Heaton and T. H. Kirk of San Bernardino were the instructors. He held a very interesting session. The two able instructors, Heaton and Kirk, proved to be both interesting and instructive. State Superintendent Meredith was present and took part in the proceedings. Miss Julia Jones held her institute the last week in October. Professor T. H. Kirk of San Bernardino was the instructor. The Mariposa County teachers are always delightful and know how to make institute week pleasant and intructive. Superintennent C. S. Smith of Siskiyou held his institute October 26th, 27th, 28th and 29th. Professor Washington Wilson, Harr Wagner and C. T. Meredith were the lecturers. The sessions were interesting and instructive. The institute passed special resolutious praising the educational work of Superintendent Smith. The teachers of Siskiyou made a notable gathering and are enthusiastic in their work. Miss Kate Ames of Napa County held her institute October 10th to Professor Cubberly, Dr. Bailey and Dr. D. S. Jordan were the instructors. The teachers presented Miss Ames with a silver desk set 14th. as a token of their esteem. What Dreams May Come. Superinten ent O. W. Grove held a very successful institute October 18th to 21st. Dr. Elmer E. Brown, Professor Bailey of the State University and Professor Cubberly of Stanford were the instructors. Superintendent N. Messer of San Luis Obispo held his institute October 11th to 14th. The instructors were Professor Ardley of Berkeley, Miss Allie Felker of San Jose, Cal., and Professor H. W. Fairbanks of Berkeley and Dr. Dresslar. The teachers passed a series of resolutions commendatory of Superintendent Messer's educational work in the county. The Weston Normal School, Oregon has received an appropriation of $15,000 from the legislature. State Superintendent G. M. Irwin, presents the names and locations of the chartered institutions of learning in Oregon which have authority to grant their graduates State diplomas of this State: Albany College, Albany; College of Philpomath; LaFayette Seminary, LaFayette; McMinnville College, McMinnuille; Mineral Springs College, Sodaville; Mt. Angel Seminary and College, Mt. Angel; Mt.Angel Academy Mt. Angel; Pacific College. Newberg; Portland University, University Park; Santiam Academy, Lebanon; Radical College of Philomath, Philomath; St. Francis' College, Baker city; St. Mary's Academy, Portland; State Agriculture College, Corvallis; University of Oregon, Eugene; State Normal School, Weston; State Normal School, Drain; Ashland Normal School, Ashland. and Willamette University, Salem The following list contains the names and locations of the privato Institutions of learning in the state: Academy of Sacred Heart, Salem, Academy of our Lady of Perpetual Help, Albany; Bishop Scott Academy, Portland; Capital Business College, Salem; Divinity School, Eugene; Holmes Business College, Portland; Pacific University, Forest Grove; Portland Academy, Portland; Portland Business College, Portland; St. Helen's Hall. Portland; St. Mary's Acakemy, Jacksonville; St.Joseph's Academy, Pendleton; St. Joseph's Academy La Grande; St. Mary's Academy, the Dalles; St. Michael's College, Portland: St. Paul's Academy, St. Paul; State School for the Blind, Salem; State Deaf Mute School, Salem,State Reform School, Salem; and the Summer Normal School, Newport. State Normal, Monmouth. The Western Homeopathic Pharmacy. W. W. Stocker, proprietor of the Western Homeopathic Pharmacy, is one of the most enterprising and public spirited citizens of San Francisco. He has at 139 Powell street one of the most complete drug stores in San Francisco. He advertises in this issue of THE JOURNAL the excellent remedy Vintine. It is a splendid remedy to build up the system. Just the kind of a tonic a teacher needs when overworked, tired and exhausted. Send to Western Pharmacy, 131 Powell street, for anything you want in the drug line. The Note of Sorrow. "Laugh and the world laughs with you" In myriad gay acclaim, But weep and the note of sorrow In human hearts is the same. For varied the mirth of the joyous But as like are the tears of mourning As drops in the autumn showers.-Laura B. Everett. Sayings of the Children. "I don't understand things," said Willie, gazing at the elephant. "Here's this elephant that can't read growing two beautiful big-papers cutters right out of his mouth!" "What State has two capitals?" said a pretty school ma'am. "Rhode Island, ma'am,"replied Benny Bloobumper. What are they?" "Providence and Newport. "That is right. Has any other State two capitals?" "Yes, ma'am." "Name the State or States, please. "West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, North Dakota, South "Hold on there, Benny, and tell me the name of West Virginia's two capitals before you go any further." "'W' and 'V,' ma'am" replied Benny promptly. Small Boy (looking up from history)-Papa, the Union soldiers were paid $13 a month. Seems to me that's awful small when a Congressman is paid $13 a day. Why ain't soldiers paid as much as Congressman? Papa-Soldiers, my son, do not fix their own salaries. Thanksgiving day is almost here; the small boy fairly crows REAL PATRIOTISM. BY B. L. WHITMAN, D. D. President of Columbia University. [Address at the 1898 meeting of the National Educational Association.] To be loyal to the principles of sound goverment; to be faithful to the demands of citizenship; to be honest in the discharge of social obligations; to be clean and pure and true-that is patriot. ism. Teach that to every scholar from the kindergarten to the school of philosophy. Out from the schoolroom it will make its way up and down the land. The millionaire will learn it and will administer his wealth as a patroit. The stateman will learn it, and will discharge his office as a patroit. The plowboy will learn it, and will turn his furrow as a patroit. Fatherhood will learn it, and will count it joy to be proved worthy of so hoiy a task. Motherhood will learn it, and will teach the lips that lisp their evening prayer to frame the name of their country, making of their country and themselves a daily offering to God. So the boyhood and girlhood of tohay, which your work is preparing for the larger tasks of tomorrow, will offer to the world the manhood and the womanaood that makes the strength of nations and furnish the largest guarantee that our faith in our institutions is not misplaced. LITERARY NEWS The Forum for October has a great article by Mark Twain on the Drama. The Art Amatuer for November is rich in illustration and exceedingly interesting. Outdoor Studies by J. C. Needham is a handsomely illustrated book for nature work 18sued by the American Book Co. No. 127 of the Riverside Literature Series by Houghton Mifflin Co. consists of "An Ode to Grecian Urn" and other poems by John Keats. The Story of the English by H. A. Gueber, published by the American Book Co., is one of best of the excellent series of Select School Reading. Appleton's Popular Science Monthly contains an instructive article for November on "Was Middle American People from Asia," by Prof. G. S. Morse. Chas. F. Lummis, the editor of the Land of Sunshine, is improving each number. It is full of color and instruction for the students of the greater west. Prof. P. L. Lord has issued a very handsome Course of Study for the Riverside Schools. It shows a most careful work, and a true appreciation of the best laws of modern cducational thought. The Review of Reviews for November is one of the richest numbers ever issued. The State Political Campaign, The Nicaragua Canal, The Army and Navy, etc., make it a number that all will enjoy. Twelve Naval Captains. By M. E. Seawell. With portraits. Scribners. 60 cents net. The series begins with Paul Jones and closes on James Lawrence of the Chesapeake, whose last words were, "Don't give up the ship." Story of Rob Roy. Condensed by Edith D. Harris. Appleton & Co. 60 cents. 306 pp. Illustrated. By omitting all lengthy descriptions of scenery, historical disquisitions on the times, and a few passages of dialog and monolog that are not essential to the progress of the story, Sir Walter Scott's famous novel has been reduced to such proportions as a child can handle. Some older people, too, can now find time to acquaint themselves with this masterpiece of English literature. Poems of American Patriotism. By Brander A collection of about fifty patriotic poems by American authors, arranged in chronological order as a war commentary on our national history. It contains all the old favorites from Emerson's "Boston" to Longfellow's "Ship of State," and reminds us of many another only less familiar, such as Walt Whitman's "O, Captain! My Captain!" and Bret Harte's "John Burns of Gettysburg." Brief History of California. By Theodore We commend the initial volume of this Improvements. Los Angeles Normal School. The principal changes in the faculty this year are in the department of music which will be under the direction of Miss Jennie Hagan, who is well known in the musical world in this city, and Miss Bruere, who will take the place of Miss E. E. Moore during her illness. During the summer months the entire Normal School building was renovated and the walls in the halls and class rooms are now beautifully tinted, with a firm, hard finish which will not rub off and on the sandfinished walls has a very soft, restful appear ance. The assembly hall has also been tinted and frescoed and the walls adorned with a number of fine large pictures. Over the door. ways are four large Partheon slabs and two marble figures are set on pedestals on either side of the platform. The directors of the school are justly proud of the assembly hall, which is undoubtedly the finest one in this part of the State and is equalled in few if any of the normal school buildings in the West. New music rooms have been conveniently fitted up for special work in that department. The biological rooms have been finely refitted. In one corner a winding stairway has been built, leading to the round tower where much of the rough work will be done. In the principal room new tables have been built for microscopic work and opening from this is the private office and work room of the principal of this department, Prof. B. M. Davis. There is also a small room for material and apparatus opening from this. In the hall is a large case containing fifty fine microscopes and an adjoin. ing room is conveniently arranged for work with the solar microscope. Prof. Pierce is constantly working toward the systematizing of normal work in departments, and a large number of rooms have been arranged for the va ious branches. In the geographical room are convenient tables for map-drawing and a case of 2000 pictures for practical work. About 120 portraits of eminent men of letters, scientists, etc., have been neatly framed and hung in the various rooms, and there are a large number of mythological pictures which will also be placed on the walls. Prof. Pierce has also introduced in some of the rooms a new crayon board, painted in dark olive green, which affords an excellent surface for work, is entirely free from the glare of the ordinary black board and is very restful to the eyes. The Board of Education is now considering the advisability of using the same board in the public schools of the city. $100 Reward 8100. The readers of this paper will be pleased to learn that there is at least one dreaced disease thrt science has been able to cure in all its stages, and that is Catarrh. Hall's Catarrh Cure is the only positive cure known to the medical fraternity. Catarrh being a constitutional disease, requires a constitutional treat ment, Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken internally, acting directly upon the blood and mucous surfaces of the system, thereby destroying the foundation of the disease, and giving the patient strength by building up the constitution and assisting nature in doing its work. The proprietors have so much faith in its curative powerst that theo offer One Hundred Dollars for any case that it fails to cure. Send for list of testimonials. Address, F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, 0, Hall's Family Pills are the best. C. PËRËRË TË DËBË/DË, DE BËRË BËRË PËRBËRË DË RËRË RËRË RËRË RËRË RËRË RËRË DË DË DË DËBËRË RËRË SË BËRË DE PERRURE DE PERIKËKË A Reader that Vitalizes the Study of the Earth and of Man. Just Issued: Carpenter's North America By FRANK G. CARPENTER, 60 cents. An aid to Geography, a reader and a delightful book of travels all in one. The work of a well-known traveler and critical observer of man and his pursuits, his surroundings and national life. The work of an educator, always in sympathy with the child mind and charmingly simple in style. Illustrated by reproductions of original photographs. Barnes' National Vertical Penmanship. Sensible copies; rational instruction. A system which teaches the essentials of good writing. Rapidity, Legibility, Beauty. Dainty drawings which may be copied, and which make the exercises attractive. NATURAL GEOGRAPHIES. BY JACQUES W. REDWAY, F. R. G. 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