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WESTERN CHOOL
NEWS.

An effort is being made to secure the introduction of manual training into the public schools of Alameda.

The Biennial Convention of County Superintendents will convene at Sacramento at 2 o'clock P. M., April 25th.

Superintendent Guadaloupe Otero, of Valencia County, New Mexico, fell from his porch on the 23d ult., killing himself instantly.

At a meeting of the freeholders of San Francisco on March 22d, they expressed themselves as opposed to a pension for teachers.

In one of the districts in Shasta County a trustee, the others being absent, locked the school house door on a teacher whom he wished to discharge.

The citizen of Sacramento. "in convention assembled," Grove L. Johnson presiding, "resolved" in favor of the present text-books and have declared war on any who dare oppose.

Fresno County has established five new districts-Bowles, Butler, Millwood, Kenninghous and Roeding, and will probably organize a new Union High School at Reedley.

Superintendent Neilson of Sonoma County has determined to hold his Institute in connection with the California Association, thus following a custom which has been observed for years past.

President Childs has called a meeting of the Executive Committee of the California Teachers' Associaiion for April 23d, at 2 P. M., ' at the office of Superintendent Webster of San Francisco.

An election was held in Berkeley on the 25th of March for the purpose of determining whether the town should be bonded for the erection of a High School building. The question was lost by a few votes. Berkeley needs this building.

A charterelection will be held in San Francisco May 26, 1898. This election, if carried, will radically change School Board methods in San Francisco. The charter provides a salary of $3000 for each member of the Board of Education.

At a recent meeting of the School Masters' Club of San Diego a resolution recommending that the number of census children be reduced from seventy to sixty for each teacher; and another recommending that the system of state text-books be abolished.

The San Francisco Public School Teachers Annuity and Retirement Association is in a flourishing condition. The following are the officers: President, Mr. Jos. O'Connor, Horace Mann Grammar School; Vice-President, Miss Caroline Hunt, Girls' High School; Treasurer, Mr. T. H. McCarthy, Washington Grammar School; Recording Secretary, S. AJordan, Washington Grammar School; Fi. nancial Secretary, Miss T. C. Stoler, Freont Primary School.

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The City Board of Education' of Los Angeles met with the Los Angeles Teachers' Association recently and discussed the evil consequences of a political manipulation of. the schools. Very wholesome advice.

Superintendent T.J. Kirk of Fresno County has met with a sad bereavement in the death of his brother, John E. Kirk of Butte County. Mr. Kirk had large property interests in this State. and leaves an estate of about $300,000. He devoted his time, wealth and opportunities to manufactures and other useful industries. On his Butte County farm he had made a great success of hemp raising.

Joseph O'Conner, the veteran San Francisco school principal, brought up the question of teachers pensions at a recent charter meeting and said the average salary received by the 974 teachers in this city last year was $77.95 a month, and that the teachers as a cla-s was the poorest paid of any municipal employes except young persons in the Free Library. He advocated pensions as a means of getting rid of worn-out teachers, who, he said, did more harm than good.

A telegram announces the death at Yuma, Arizona, of H. C. Brooke, formerly Superintendent of Schools of San Bernardino County, for many years principal of the schools of this city and a most devoted and successful worker in the cause of public education on the Pacific Coast. The deceased was at the time of his death a teacher of the schools of Yuma and his last visit to this city was a few weeks ago, when he had been attending a teachers' institute at San Diego having driven across from Yuma, and returned thru that city, passing several days with friends here before proceeding on his way. The immediate cause of his death was pneumonia."-- San Bernardino Sun.

Superintendent of Schools Carl H. Neilson, visited the public school here Tuesday. He was highly encouraging in his praise of the good work being done in the various grades. Our school compares very favorably with schools in larger places in the county, he said, with but one exception, that is, in regard to the attendance in the High School, which he said should be double the number. Prof. Hollopeter is a very competent teacher and it is a shame that not more of the young people of this district are taking advantage of his superior ability as a teacher. Mr. Neilson also visited Cherry Creek, Alder Glen and Icaria Districts and noted excellent work being done.

In accordance with a call of Superinten-
dent of Schools A. M. Phalin, a meeting
of the teachers of Contra Costa County was
held in the courthouse at Martinez on Satur-
day, March 12th, for the purpose of discuss-
ing the course of study in the public schools.
The following resolution was adopted:

Resolved, That the teachers of Contra
Costa County here convened heartily com-
mend the movement toward establishing a
County High School.-Antioch Ledger.

The County Board of Education held, on
March 20th, a special joint meeting with the

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Committee on Course of Study of the City Board of Education to discuss matters relating to revision of the courses of study in city and county, Directors Panabaker and Johnson being present. The following resolu. tion was adopted by the meeting, on motion of Director Panabaker:

WHEREAS, State Superintendent of Public Instruction Samuel T. Black has called the Biennial Convention of City and County Superintendents to meet in this city on April 25, 1898; and

WHEREAS, We should extend to that body of Superintendents a social greeting, therefore be it

Resolved, "That it is the sense of this meeting that suitable preparation be made for the proper entertainment of said Superintendents. -Sacramento Record-Union.

Principal George Edgar of Niles forbade the playing of "keeps." The community arrayed itself, part on the side of the teacher and part with the boys. Edgar sought authority and advice with the following result:

Office of Superintendent of Public Schools,
Alameda County, Cal., Oakland, March 4,
1898. Mr. George Edgar, Principal of the
Niles School.

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DEAR MR. EDGAR:-Yours of March 2, 1898, at hand. Your views and mine on the subject of playing marbles for "keeps, in perfect accord. I never permitted this game in any school I have ever taught. I think you are perfectly right to disapprove it, and it is within your authority to forbid it in your school. Very sincerely yours, J. P. GARLICK. State Normal School, San Jose, Cal., March 5, 1898. Mr. George Edgar, Niles, Cal: MY DEAR SIR:-You ask me whether I consider playing marbles for "keeps" should be permitted on the school grounds. My opinion is that such practice should not be permitted. First, because the boy who wins the marbles gets something for which he renders no equivalent; Second, because it undoubtedly cultivates a desire to indulge in games of chance for the purpose of gain.

This is a troublesome question, as it is so common in California, and so many persons, who have not considered its tendency, frequently look upon it as being harmless.

Children should play such games for the satisfaction that comes from the acquirement of skill and the pleasure of winning without other stimulus.

A. H. RANDAL, Principal State Normal School. State Normal School, San Jose, Cal., March 5, 1898. Mr. George Edgar, Niles, Cal. Getting something from another for nothing always has a bad effect on character. Playing marbles for "keeps" seems to me to be morally equivalent to gambling in stocks and buying lottery tickets-things that are utterly condemned by all clear thinkers.

I recognize, of course, that upright, manly boys are frequently found playing marbles for "keeps" simply because they and the community in which they live have not seen the problem clearly.

R. S. HOLWAY, Vice Principal State Normal School. Rev. Francis M. Larkin of Los Angeles has the following to say:

"If it can be shown that the higher education of the few results in the greatest good of the majority, then the higher education by the State can be justified, other things being equal. But this wll be hard to prove to the satisfaction of the majority. Must we accept the principle that justice demands such a system which results in the largest number reaching the average benefits? Does higher education so result? The professor [Supt. Foshay] seems to so assert. We question his conclusion. San Bernardino pays this yeaa $26,279 for 212 pupils in the High School and $21,584 for 1338 pupils in grammar grade.

Alex B. Coffey lectures at the Monmouth
Normal School. Oregon, in April.

The Oregon Teachers' Monthly edited by G.
W. Jones and Agnes Stowell is a great credit
to the State.

President Campbell of Monmouth, Oregon, State Normal is making the school a greater success than ever this year.

W. W. Seamona, Deputy State Superintendent of Public Insruction, California, has been appointed Deputy State Librarian.

Superintendent J. F. Nowlin of Umatilla County, Oregon, is arranging to hold a summer school at Pendleton this year.

A. P. Armstrong, M. G. Royal and J. H. Ackerman are mentioned as candidates for the Republican nomination for School Superintendent of Oregon.

Superintendent J. S. McPhaill will hold a Trustees Convention on April 15th. Superintendent McPhaill has made the Convention of School Trustees quite a feature of his superindency.

The Owl is the name of a new journal pub-
lished by the young men of Hoitt's School
for Boys, San Mateo. Walter Garrison is
editor in chief. The portraits of Mr. and
Mrs. Hoist and facuity are excellent.

The Kings County Institute will be held in
Seattle the week beginning April 4, 1898.
Several members of the faculty of the Ellen-
burg Normal School, and Alex B. Coffey of
California will assist.

Governor Budd has appointed Mayor
James D. Phelan a regent of the State Uni-
versity for the full term of sixteen years,
vice George T. Mayre, whose term has ex-
pired. J. West Martin of Oakland, whose
term has expired, was reappointed.

Santa Clara County is having quite a boom in building school houses. Orchard District has just completed a fine building; a new building is in process of erection in Guadalupe District; Gilroy District has voted bonds to the amount of $1,200, Mayfield, $14,000 and Saratoga $5,000 for new school houses.

A $15,000 bond tax for a High School building will be voted upon in San Rafael April 2d. Fairfax District, three miles from San Rafael, will build a $2,500 school house within the next two months. The money is availaable, a site has been purchased and plans accepted by the Fairfax Board. A "Flower Festival" is proposed for San Rafael during the first week in May, in which the school will take an active interest.

The lectures under the auspices of the Teachers' Club of Alameda proved such a success that three more have been arranged for. The first was given April 2nd by Piofessor E. H. Griggs of Stanford and was entitled "A Walk in Florence." The second will be delivered on Friday, April 15th, and the speaker will be Postal Inspector Erwin, whose topic will be "In the Nation's Capital." On Friday, April 22d, Professor Bernard Moses of the Berkeley University will speak on "Spain and Her Colonies."

Mrs. W. F. Conover, formerly Miss Carrie L. Phillips, one of the most popular of San Diego's public school teachers, died recently. Mrs. Conover came to San Diego six years ago from Philadelphia, where she leaves a

brother. Her sister, Mrs. W. S. Laist of Spring Valley, is the only other immediate biood relation. As a teacher in the kindergarten department, Mrs. Conover, then Miss Phillips, won scores of friends by her kindly qualities and faithfulness to the children's interests. On December 23d of last year she was married to W. F. Conover, Principal of the B-street school.

A serious charge has been laid before County Superintendent of Schools Goodell of Stockton concerning Principal Condit of the large school in the Homestead District. The burden of the charge is that he favored the larger pupils by giving out in advance of examination the questions to be propounded. The penalty provided by the school law for such conduct is revocation of the teacher's certificate and disbarment from further service in the public schools of this State. It was the regular county examination, and it is asserted that if the charges are true the offense must have grown out of a desire on the part of the principal to give his pupils the requisite standing for entry to the High School. Three young ladies who have been attending the school laid the charge before the County Board at its last meeting and the affair has been formally placed before the Board to be sifted to the bottom. The Homestead people are much divided as to the guilt or innocence of Prosessor Condit, who says in his own defense: "I did nothing of the kind. I am not in that kind of business. It would not be right. I have taught school too long for that, and have taught where there were no County Superintendents, which would seem to indicate friction with the Superintendent.

The Executive Committee of the San Joaquin Valleys Teachers' Association held a meeting yesterday afternoon in the office of T. J. Kirk, County Superintendent of Schools. Those present were: Alfred Harrell, School Superintendent of Kern County; J. W. Graham, School Superintendent of Kings County; Superintendent W. A. Finley of Madera, O. W. Grove of Merced, J. A. Wagener of Stanislaus and Miss Julia Jones of Mariposa County were absent. The object of the meeting was to decide upon the time of holding the next annual session of the association, and it was agreed to hold the session on the 22d, 23d and 24th of December in Fresno. It was decided in that connection that the different counties reprerented in the association should hold their County Institutes on the three days next preceding the date of the annual meeting of the association, and that the teachers come direct from their County Institutes to the annual meeting.-Fresno Republican, March

17th.

Superintendent Hyatt of Riverside has been most commendably zealous and wise in his projection of Arbor Day, by which a deal of good work, looking to the culture and comfort of the Riverside youth, has been wrought. On this subject the Riverside Press has the following to say:

"Arbor Day was observed in Olive District with a good deal of eclat on Friday. It has had the most barren and uninviting school grounds in the county heretofore, not a single shrub having been planted. All this was changed by Friday's work. Five acres were graded off and 200 trees planted out on a systematic plan. There was a good attendance, and an appropriate program rendered. This included addresses by William Little,

J. W. George, Miss J. K. Miller and Superintendent Hyatt. A well has been sunk, windmill put up and preparations made to keep up the work so well begun."

Richard D. Faulkner, Principal of the Franklin Grammar School of San Francisco, is in Los Angeles attending The Southern California Teachers Association.

Pater-"You are very forward, sir. In my day the young man waited until he was asked to call."

Young Man-"Yes, and now he waits until he's asked not to call."

Jane How would you punctuate the following: 'Bank of England notes of various values were blown along the street by the wind?'"

John-I think I would make a dash after the notes."-Tit-Bits.

"What do you think of this kindergarten system of teaching?"

"I have had two boys attending their school, learning to work on card-board full of small holes and make thumb-papers and pictures on the slate. I am paying six dollars a quarter for them to learn what I used to get licked in school for doing. Sure as you live.

Catarrh Cannot be Cured with LOCAL APPLICATIONS, as they cannot reach the seat of the disease. Catarrh is

a blood or constitutional disease, and in order to cure it you must take internal remedies. Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken internally, and acts directly on the blood and mucous surfaces. Hall's Catarrh Cure is not a quack medicine. It was prescribed by one of the best physicians in this country for years, and is a regular prescription. It is composed of the best tonics known. combined with the best blood purifiers. acting directly on the mucous surfaces. The perfect combination of the two ingredients is what produces such wonderful results in curing catarrh. Send for testimonials, free. F. J. CHENEY & Co., Toledo, O. Sold by Druggists, 75c. Hall's Family Pills are the best.

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Department of Supervision

JAEES H. BUDD

Items of Interest for Trustees, Parents and Teachers.

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....Governor, Sacramento
President of the Board
SAMUEL T. BLACK......Supt. Public Instruction, Sacramento
Secretary of the Board
A. H. RANDALL......President State Normal School, San Jose
E. T. PIERCE......President State Normal School, Los Angeles
C. M. RITTER...............President State Normal School, Chico
MARTIN KELLOGG..... Pres. University of Cal., Berkeley
ELMER E. BROWN.
..University of Cal., Berkeley

Professor of Pedagogy

the journal so designated shall be furnished by the County Superintendent to the clerk of each Board of District Trustees, to be placed by him in the district library. The County Superintendent of Schools shall draw his warrant semi-annually in favor of the publishers of such school journal for a sum not exceeding one dollar and fifty cents per district, for each school year, and charge the same to the library fund of the district; provided that the publishers of such journal shall be required to file an affidavit with the Super intendent of Public Instruction, on or before the tenth day of each month, stating that they had mailed one copy of said journal to the clerk of each school district in the State. It is hereby made the duty of the clerk of each Board of District Trustees and the Secretary of each Board of Education to place each number of such journal in the school library of his district, on or before the end of the month in which such number was issued."

I am of the opinion: 1. That the question as to what does or does not constitute an "educational monthly journal" is one to be determined by the State Board of Education. It is a question of fact and not of law.

2. That there is no provision of the Constitution which would prevent the Legislature from enacting that portion of Subdivision 9 of Section 1.21, above quoted, making it incumbent upon the school districts to pay a certain pro rata to the journal so designated, and that, therefore, the law under consideration is a valid one and must be cɔmplied with. Respectfully. W. F. FITZGERALD,

(SIGNED)

Attorney General. The Biennial Convention of Superintendents SACRAMENTO, CAL., MARCH 14, 1898.

To County and City Superintendents:

In accordance with the provisions of Section 1533 of the Political Code empowering the Superintendent of Public Instruction to call a convention of County and City Superintendents of Schools, you are hereby notified that the next biennial convention will meet in the Senate chamber at Sacramento on Monday, April 25, 1898, at two 'clock P. M.

There are many important questions relating to the welfare of our public schools to be considered, and it is to be earnestly hoped that every School Superintendent in the State will be present. SAMUEL T. BLACK, Supt. of Public Instruction.

THE

HE children of the most remote school districts in the State are entitled to the best teachers its trustees can find. Among the many duties of school trustees, by far the most important is the selection of teachers. For many school boards are of the opinion that they can consider the qualification of only those teachers who apply for the vacant position. On the con= trary they should constantly be in the qui vive for live, active teachers, so that when a vacancy occurs in their schools, they will know whom to invite to fill the position rather than wait to be over run with applicants.

They should be in close touch with their County Superintendent of Schools, who can give them valuable information concerning available teachers.

S. T. BLACK, Superintendent.

The Law in Relation to the Official Organ
February 12, 1898, the State Board of Education, designated the
WESTERN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION as the Official Organ of the
Department of Public Instruction from April 1, 1898, to April 1, 1899.
Superintendent of Public Instruction, Samuel T. Black, has fur-
nished the JOURNAL with the following official information:
HON. S. T. BLACK, Superintendent of Public Instruction and Secretary
of the State Board of Education, Sacramento, Cal.

DEAR SIR: I am in receipt of your favor of the 8th instant, in which you ask (1) under the provisions of Subdivision 9 of Section 1521 of the Political Code "Is the designation of a literary monthly journal with an 'educational department' a proper designation under said section;" and (2) "Is the provisians directing County Superintendents to draw warrants on the library fund of each district to pay for said official organ binding; in other words, is it compulsory on school districts to pay for the journal designated as the Official Organ of the Department of Public Instruction?"

The provisions of Section 1521 of the Political Code referred to are as follows:

"The powers and duties of the Board are as follows: "Ninth-To designate some educational monthly jourual as the Official Organ of the Department of Public Instruction. One copy of

In Reference to Exchange of Text-Books

HON. SAMUEL T. BLACK, Superintendent of Public Instruction and
Secretary of the Board of Education, Sacramento, Cal.
DEAR SIR:-I am in receipt of your favor of the 8th instant, in
which you state that you desire to ascertain for the information of the
State Board of Education whether or not under the various acts relating
to State Text-Books where dealers have purchased books, and where sub-
sequent to such purchase the State has revised several of the books and
some of the dealers have a number of copies of the old edition on hand,
the State Board of Education or the State Printing Office have power
to give in exchange for these old books in the hands of the dealers,
their equivalent in value in other books of the State Text-Book Series.
There is nothing in the laws relating to the State Text Series which
authorizes any such exchange of books to be made.
Respectfully,

(SIGNED)

W. F. FITZGERALD, Attorney General. DEAR SIR: Under the decisions of the law relating to Normal Schools as amended in 1897, the first meeting of the Joint Board of Normal School Trustees will be held at the Normal School, Los Angeles, at 10 o'clock A. M., on Friday, April 8th, 1898.

SAMUEL T. BLACK, Secretary of the Joint Board.

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THE WESTERN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION.

Drawing Taught

BY

Correspondence

Summer School for the Study of Drawing to be held in San Francisco during the month of July. Apply for circulars to Miss Katherine W. Bail. 1260 California St.

Teachers wishing to qualify themselves in the Art of Drawing, as well as in the Latest Methods of Teaching it, can do so by means of this course of instruction.

For terms apply to

Miss Katherine M. Ball,

1260 CALIFORNIA ST.,

San Francisco, Cal.

Miss Ball has had a wide experience in teaching Drawing in every grade of schools ranging from the First Year to the Normal school, and is prepared to give instruction in the various lines of work.

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New School Readers.

STEPPING STONES TO LITERATURE

By Sarah Louise Arnold, Superviser of Schools, Bos ton, Mass., and Charles B. Gilbert, Superintendent of Schools, Newark, N. J.

Eight Readers one for each grade; beautifully illus trated, of the highest literary quality from the first to the last grade.

This series of Readers may justly be said to signalize a new era in school reading books, both from the excep tional character of the text and the number and beauty of its illustrations. Five volumes are now ready.

A First Reader. 128 pages. Over 130 beautiful illustrations, including 8 color pages. 32 cents.

A Second Reader. 160 pages. Over 100 illustrations, including 8 beautiful color pages. 40 cents.

A Third Reader. 224 pages. Beautifully illustrated with reproductions of masterpieces, portraits of authors, etc. 50 cents.

A Fourth Reader. 320 pages. Beautifully illustrated with reproductions of masterpieces, portraits of authors, etc. 60 cents.

A Reader for Fifth Grades. 320 pages with 70 beautiful illustrations. 60 cents.

Single copy for examination sent to any teacher on receipt of price.

"Your Readers surpass all others in attractiveness and typographical effect, and, above all, in the reading matter, and its arrangement to grades."-W. A. FRASIER, Superintendent Schools, Rutland, Vt.

Adopted in New York, Brooklyn, Boston,
Chicago, Baltimore. Buffalo, counties
of Santa Clara and Napa, Cal., the
State of Ohio, etc., etc.

SILVER, BURDETT & COMPANY.

PUBLISHERS.

Boston. New York. Chicago. Philadelphia.

For the School-room or Home

Farrand & Votey
Chapel Organs

Are acknowledged peers.
Forty-page catalogue sent free.
Address:

Farrand & Votey Organ Co.
Detroit, Michigan,

or The Whitaker & Ray Co.,
723 Market St., S. F.

TEACHERS

Hauler WORLD

TAKE ELEVATOR Studio Open Evenings for Sittings by New Electric Process.

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SAN FRANCISCO.

Do you want

Better Reading and Spelling

In your Schools?

Many leading educators say this is
attained by using the
POLLARD SYNTHETIC METHOD

Write us for full particulars.

WESTERN PUBLISHING HOUSE, 358 Dearborn St., Chicago,

you wish a live, bright, original, up-to-date teachers usable schoolroom material; and one that deals in standard values and solid experience, eschewing wordy essays and meaningless "studies," then the

Teachers World

will aid you.

Ten large Natural History Supplement Charts free each
year-Ten large Double-Page Language Pictures-"Cut
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Supplementary Reading-Pieces to Speak-Correspond-
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-Special Day Exercises, Etc., Etc., Etc.
Established 1889. Eight Years of Increasing Success.
48 LARGE QUARTO PAGES and SUPPLEMENT.
Monthly-Illustrated-$1.00 a Year.

Such a methods paper as the Teachers World is a neces
sity to every wide-awake, conscientious teacher. The
dollar it costs is no measure ofits real value to you.
But you also need a home paper to keep in touch with local
and state educational events, and for that purpose (not
forgetting the additional material it contains) there is
nothing better than the Western Journal of Educa
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BOTH PAPERS ONE YEAR, $1.25.
Leaders in their respective classes, you will find in them
everything you need in your work, and much more than
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Send $1.25 to the WESTERN JOURNAL OF EDU CATION, 723 Market Street, San Francisco, and papers will be mailed to you for one year.

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AUGSBURG'S DRAWING COURSE.

(1) It gives results; a radical departure from the old methods. (2) It is not a series of copy-books-the other systems talk of "drawing from the object''- but they know the child copies the printed view of the object. In this system he has to do independent work. (3) It is the cheapest method.

up his drawing books.

The pupil is not constantly using He uses this book as a text-book-

just the same as he does his arithmetic--to work examples. (4) It is acknowledged to be the only system which enables the pupil to acquire an easy mastery of free-hand perspective.

For Grammar Grades-Teachers Manual

Drawing Simplified

A Complete System of Representative Drawing

Simple: Only three forms, the cubes, the cylinder, and the triangular prism are made the basis of the whole work. Effective: It stands the test. Pupiis learn how to not only draw from objects but from memory and the imagination. 500 illus. Cloth. Pric, $1.00

For Primary Grades -Teachers Manual

Elementary Drawing Simplified

Complete. 500 Illus. Cloth. Price, 75 cents

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