tention in the University of Chicago Magazine for June-July. He discusses the place of the college professor in the economic reconstruction. The June issue of Elementary English Review is devoted to the subject "Reference Books." ¶A delightful account of Rabindranath Tagore and his school at Santiniketan appears in the May issue of El Padre, the official publication of the Santa Clara County Teachers Association. The writer, A. L. Thomsen, a retired teacher, discusses the great poet's philosophy of education, and describes a typical day at the school. ¶The Vocational Guidance Magazine began a new volume with the June number and under a new title. The periodical will henceforth be known as "Occupations." It will be sponsored by the National Occupations Conference. The leading article is a lively discussion by Dorothy Canfield Fisher entitled "If Occupations Were Athletics." A new method for teaching the use of the library is described in High Points for June, by Marie K. Pidgeon, of Curtis High School. Her plan is to use a single thing, in this case, the horse, "as integrator of the field of knowledge in general." ¶A marvelous new opportunity for service is described by Dr. William H. Kilpatrick in the High School Quarterly for July. In an article entitled "Education Face-toFace with the Social Situation" he defends his belief that "we in education" can help to bring "ample comfort to all." A recent decree issued in Russia calls attention to the fact that "there has been a tendency recently to issue dull and didactic books for children." Definite steps have been taken by the Commissariat for education to improve children's books. The plan is discussed at length in the Soviet Union Review for JulyAugust. An address by Howard Patterson, of the University of Pennsylvania, appears in Social Science for July, entitled "Educational Implications of Recent Economic Changes." The writer endeavors to establish the fact that "A comprehensive educational program in all social studies is necessary in order to supplant individual acquisitiveness, selfishness, and indifference by socially desirable attitudes of service, conciliation, and mutual aid."¶A happy article on the modern method of bringing up children appears in the Atlantic Monthly for July, entitled "We Modern Parents," by Isadore Luce Smith.¶"When Teachers Strike" is the title of an article by Milton S. Mayer in the Forum for August. The author analyzes the situation in Chicago. His admonition is "Dig out the corruption, make graft impossible-but be gentle with the school teachers themselves," because "these men and women are dangerous beyond imagination. Simple as they often appear, they can in 5 short years and without concerted action knock the props out from under a whole generation."-SABRA W. VOUGHT. THE CHILDREN'S CODE especially during the past year, to drastiɩ budgetary reductions, that school building has been practically suspended, and that the teaching force has been greatly reduced although there has been an abnormally increased enrollment. Unless conditions have changed since 1930, the sections in which the largest number of children are employed in nonagricultural pursuits are the New England, the Middle Atlantic, and the South Atlantic States. States most seriously affected are, in order of the number of child laborers employed in 1930, Pennsylvania, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, New York, and Massachusetts. Second, and equally urgent and more difficult of solution, is the problem of formulating an enriched and revised school program designed to appeal to the interests of the practically-minded children released from industry who should return and be retained in school. Not all the children in this returning group left school because of economic pressure. Many were influenced by the fact that they had little taste for the traditional school program. These erstwhile laborers will return with a realization of certain satisfactions which come from a feeling of independence, of ability to earn one's own way in life. The school to which they return must offer a stronger appeal than the one they left. Unfortunately, this acute need for revised programs comes at a time when a short-sighted policy of retrenchment has resulted in eliminating many of the very provisions and activities designed especially to meet it. Music, home economics, vocational and educational guidance, the arts and crafts, extra-curricular activities, provisions for exceptional children, and similar phases of progressive school programs-interpreted by the uninformed as fads and frills have suffered severely in many systems through so-called "economy measures.' Changes in the school program must go beyond provisions of the kind indicated. There must be new social as well as new industrial codes. Cooperation cannot be substituted for competition as a basic philosophy in business unless it is incor porated into our social philosophy. Such a right about face attitude will not result from accident. The ultimate success of "the common covenant" to which the Nation is subscribing means that schools share the responsibility for revised social thinking through their organization, their curricula, and their teaching practices. However, these important and immediate problems should not obscure the necessity for long-term planning to extend and make permanent the benefits of the child labor clause in the industrial codes. Laggard industrialists, careless parents, may eventually defeat the purpose of the code agreements unless the children are protected through effective legislation. Frequently compulsory attendance laws are more or less ineffective for children older than 14 years, if the elementary school or eighth grade is completed and the child is employed. Employment at home is considered as satisfactory for exemption in many States. Child labor laws also have generally established 14 as the minimum working age. Unfortunately both types of laws are more or less indifferently enforced. Compulsory attendance laws are characterized by exemptions. Nine States protect children above 14 through child labor laws and probably 17 States (7 of the 9 are included in this number) have compulsory attendance laws which if adequately enforced will apply to unemployed children 14 and 15 years old who have not completed schools available in the home district. Obviously considering the country as a whole, attendance laws are not up to the standard set by the codes. Unless some action is taken, and that at an early date, many of the 14- and 16-year-old children released from work will not be in school even where favorable school programs are provided. There are still the child laborers in agriculture (70 percent of all child laborers in 1930) to whom protection similar to that now assured children in the manufacturing and mechanical industries should be extended. Implied in the industrial codes then is the need for a minimum long-time program. It includes renewed efforts for compulsory school attendance laws applicable to all children up to 16 years of age, with adequate enforcement provisions in every State; protection from hazardous employment and continuation school facilities for boys and girls 16 to 18 years old, and ratification of the child labor amendment in at least 21 States in addition to the 15 which have now accepted its provisions. SEPTEMBER 1933 19 New Government Aids for Teachers Compiled by MARGARET F. RYAN, Office of Education MERICAN CYPRESS and Its Uses. 1932. 28 p., illus. (Bureau of Foreign and A Domestic Commerce, Trade Promotion Series No. 141.) 5 cents. (Manual training; Economics.) Suggestions for Teaching the Job of Controlling the Loose Smuts of Wheat and Barley in Vocational Agricultural Classes. 1932. 14 p., illus. (Federal Board for Vocational Education.) 5 cents. Material prepared to assist teachers of vocational agri culture in training present and prospective farmers to successfully combat loose smut in the wheat and barley crops and to suggest to the teacher ways of organizing subject matter for similar instruction units. (Teacher training; Vocational guidance; Agriculture.) Code for Protection Against Lightning. Parts I, II, and III. 1933. 93 p., illus. (Bureau of Standards, Handbook No. 17.) 15 cents. Part I-Protection of persons; Part II-Protection of buildings and miscellaneous property; Part III-Protection of structures containing inflammable liquids and gases; Appendix A-Lightning-its origin, characteristics, and effects; Appendix B-Bibliography. (Safety education; Physics.) Aids for Bird Students. List of publications relating to birds for free distribution by the United States Department of Agriculture. (Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Biological Survey, Mimeographed circular Bi-787.) Free. Insect Enemies of the Cotton Plant. 1932. 29 p., illus. (Department of Agriculture, Farmers' Bulletin No. 1688.) 5 cents. Describes 25 cotton insect pests and their work, and gives suggestions for their control. A system of control effective against most of the insects referred to is given in summary form at end of the bulletin. (Agriculture; Entomology.) Admission of Aliens into the United States. 1932. 205 p. (Department of State, Notes to Section 361 Consular Regulations.) 15 cents. (Americanization; Immigration work.) Summarized Data on Tin Production. 1932. 34 p., illus. (Bureau of Mines, Economic Paper 13.) 10 cents. Data on tin production since 1800 with sources and significance of production data, general summary, world production by periods, world production by continents and countries, and tin-producing countries. Is the sixth of a series of production studies published bookstore. be by the Bureau of Mines, the first five of which have similar data for copper, zinc, gold, lead, and silver. (Metallurgy; Geography; Economics.) Commercial Cabbage Culture. 1933. 59 Presents a few typical practices together with some less commonly known information and principles which will afford a sound basis for successful production. (Agriculture.) The Development of Package-Bee Colonies. 1932. 44 p., illus. (Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin No. 309.) 10 cents. (Bee culture; Nature study.) Workers in Subjects Pertaining to Agriculture in State Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations, 1932-33. 1933. 133 p. (Department of Agriculture, Miscellaneous Publication No. 154.) 10 cents. Directory of officers of the Association of Land-Grant Colleges and Universities, and the names of persons directly engaged in teaching, research, or demonstration in agriculture and home economics in State agricultural colleges and experiment stations. (Agriculture; Research; Library science.) Bibliography of Indian and Pioneer Stories for Young Folks. 1931. 37 p. (Bureau of Indian Affairs.) Free. The following multigraphed material is available free from the Bureau of Indian Affairs: Indian Wars and Local Disturbances in the United States, 1782-1898 (no. 14). Cliff Dwellings (no. 16). Mounds and Mound Builders (no. 18). Indian Citizenship (no. 20). 75 cents. Indicates boundary of Tennessee River basin and boundary of principal tributary area and parts of Missouri, Mississippi, Alabama, Kentucky, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. under Federal or State Government, including Alaska and Hawaii. 3% by 2% feet. (National Park Service.) Free. Indicates national parks, national monuments, and Indian reservations coming under the Department of the Interior, the national military parks and national monuments under the War Department, and the national forests and national monuments under the Department of Agriculture. Also indicates State parks, forests, monuments, and camp grounds, the national parks main travel highways and the principal connecting highways. Characteristics of areas by States are given on the reverse of the map. Sectional airway maps.-Scale 1:500,000 (8 miles to the inch); size about 20 by 42 inches. (Coast and Geodetic Survey.) Price 40 cents each. In lots of 20 or more in one shipment to one address, 25 cents per copy. Lower I-16, Birmingham; lower J-10, San Francisco; No. 130. Richmond-Washington. Films The following films are available upon application to the Bureau of Mines. No charge is made for the use of the films, but the exhibitor is asked to pay transportation charges. The Metals of a Motor Car. 2 reels; silent. Through Oil Lands of Europe and AfricaGermany, France, Spain, Morocco, and Algeria. 2 reels. The Master Farmer. 2 reels. (Order from Bureau of Agricultural Economics.) The staff of the Office of Education in the United States Department of the Interior is constantly engaged in collecting, analyzing and diffusing information about all phases of education in the United States, its outlying parts, and in foreign countries UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OFFICE OF EDUCATION-ORGANIZATION I. Send check, postal money order, express order, New York draft, or currency (at sender's risk) in advance of publication shipment, making payable to Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Postage stamps, foreign money, smooth or defaced coins not accepted. II. Inclose coupons with order. Coupons may be purchased (20 for $1) from the Superintendent of Documents, and are acceptable as cash payment for any requested publications. III. Use the deposit system. Deposit $5 or more with the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Cost of publications, as ordered, will be charged against this deposit. This system does away with remittances with every order, and delay in first obtaining prices. IV. Order publications to be sent c.o.d., if they are needed immediately and price is unknown. Payment is made when received. V. Order publications through your bookstore, if more convenient. |