Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project....... 35,000.00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 1.) 2. Charlevoix Harbor and entrance to Pine Lake, Michigan.—The harbor of Charlevoix penetrates the peninsula between Great and Little Traverse bays, and furnishes access to Round and Pine lakes. Prior to improvement the entrance depth varied from 2 feet to 6 feet, and the project of 1868, revised in 1876 and 1884, provides for a navigable depth of 12 feet between piers and revetments, 100 to 150 feet apart, from Lake Michigan to Round Lake, and thence to Pine Lake, 83 feet apart. The expenditure to July 1, 1891, was $96,269.80. The project is not fully completed, and, as at most of the other harbors on the east coast of Lake Michigan, the wave and wind action constantly tends towards the formation of sand bars near the entrance, which involves the annually recurring need of a dredge to remove. From 10 to 12 foot navigation is maintained by this means, but the increasing draft of lake vessels suggests the desirability of an extension of the piers to reach the 15-foot contour in the lake, and thereby furnish more efficient protection for the 12-foot channel. The expenditure for the fiscal year was $3,674.44, mainly for repairs, the dredging done in May and June, 1891, sufficing to keep the navigation open during last season. At the opening of navigation this spring there was but 10 feet of water, and the Government dredge is about to deepen it. July 1, 1891, balance unexpended June 30, 1892, amount expended during fiscal year. July 1, 1892, balance unexpended.. July 1, 1892, outstanding liabilities July 1, 1892, balance available Amount appropriated by act approved July 13, 1892.. Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893....... Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..... Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 2.) 3. Frankfort Harbor, Michigan.-The unimproved channel between Lake Michigan and Lake Aux Becs Scies had 3 feet or 4 feet of water, and the project of 1866, revised in 1868 and 1879, was to make a 12-foot navigation protected by piers and revetments 200 feet apart. The project is not completed, but with the aid of occasional dredging 10 to 12 feet is maintained. The total expenditures to July 1, 1891, were $259,882.27, and for the last year $3,629.59. As in other cases an extension of the piers to the 15-foot contour in the lake is needed. The harbor was thoroughly dredged to 14 feet in July and August, 1891, and the navigation was quite satisfactory during the remainder of the season. At the opening of navigation in 1892 11 feet only was found on the outer bar, but by June 30 this was increased to 13 feet, mainly by the rise in the lake level. 4. Harbor of refuge at Portage Lake, Michigan.-The lake was adopted as a harbor of refuge, and the project of 1879, modified in 1880 and 1881, contemplated a navigable entrance depth of 18 feet between piers and revetments 370 feet apart. Little has been done towards the accomplishment of this project, the appropriations having been quite disproportionate to the purpose, and the works that have been put up are falling down from age and decay. The entrance is chronically choked with sand and a precarious channel of 7 feet to 9 feet is kept open by dredging. As the 10-foot contour in the lake is 250 feet outside the piers, nothing better is to be expected until something effective is done towards carrying out the project. The total expenditures to July 1, 1891, were $93,041.85 and for the past fiscal year $2,014.07. The harbor has been again dredged recently, in June, making a through cut 40 feet wide and 13 feet deep. No attempt has been made to repair the tumbled-down piers, as it would be a waste of money, in the absence of thorough treatment, as the piers are in ruinous condition, and a gap of some 400 feet in the north pier gives full sweep of the sea through it. The commerce of Lake Michigan needs a harbor of refuge in this vicinity, as there is no safe point of shelter in westerly gales between Ludington and South Manitou, a distance of about 80 miles. Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project ....... 167,000.00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 4.) 5. Manistee Harbor, Michigan.-As originally improved at local cost, by the building of rough slab piers, the channel at the entrance had 7 and 8 feet of water. The project of 1867, revised in 1871, 1873, and 1875, provided for 12 feet between piers 180 feet apart. As again revised in 1890, the project was to deepen the navigation to 15 feet, and extend it to connect with Manistee Lake through the river where the ordinary depth was limited to about 10 feet. The work of dredging the river was completed in August, 1891, making a channel 15 feet in depth, with a width of 50 feet in the upper portion increased to 75 feet and 100 feet as the entrance was approached. In May, 1892, the river channel had shoaled to 13 feet, owing to the narrowness of the stream, the unprotected state of the banks, and the large number of vessels using it. Four cribs were added to the north pier and repairs were made to the north revetments. The total expenditures to July 1, 1891, were $262,909.06, and for the fiscal year, $29,760.25. July 1, 1891, balance unexpended.. June 30, 1892, amount expended during fiscal year.. July 1, 1892, balance unexpended July 1, 1892, outstanding liabilities July 1, 1892, balance available...... Amount appropriated by act approved July 13, 1892. Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project .... Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 5.) $35,090.94 29, 760.25 5, 330.69 510.52 4,820. 17 50,000.00 54, 820. 17 25,000.00 6. Ludington Harbor, Michigan.-The natural outlet from Pere Marquette Lake was from 5 to 7 feet deep. The project of 1867 proposed a 12-foot navigation and total width of 200 feet. In 1885 this was enlarged to make a harbor of refuge 18 feet deep and entrance width of 400 feet, but in 1890 the proposition was again modified to retain the former width. The works as projected were completed in November, 1890, the north and south piers having total lengths respectively of 1,450 feet and 2,300 feet, and projecting about a quarter of a mile into the lake. The entrance width at the lake end is 250 feet. With occasional dredging to remove deposits between the piers a satisfactory navigation of 14 to 16 feet has been maintained. The total expenditure to July 1, 1891, was $342,838.93, and for the past year, $6,377.64. The dredging done during June and July to 18 feet from lake to lake was effective for the season of navigation, and in April, 1892, there was not less than 143 feet with the lake 13 feet below the zero plane. 7. Pentwater Harbor, Michigan.-The channel into Pentwater Lake was originally a mere drain, later improved to a depth of 4 feet with slab piers. In 1866 the Government project, amended in 1873 and 1884, proposed to increase the depth to 12 feet between piers and revetments 150 feet apart. The works are not yet complete, and with more or less dredg ing annually the navigation is kept open to about 10 feet. In fact, with the present extension of the piers, nothing better can be done, as the 10-foot contour in the lake is about at the end of the piers, and the 15-foot contour is 400 feet farther out. The total expenditure to July 1, 1891, was $226,001.81, and for the past year $5,392.08. The channel was dredged in August and September, 1891, to 14 feet, but in April, 1892, had again shoaled to 10 feet. Some repairs were made to the dilapidated portion of the south pier during the last season, and will be continued. Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893 ... Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project. ..... Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 7.) $7,818. 19 5, 392.08 2, 426. 11 10.00 2, 416. 11 5,000.00 7,416. 11 24,000.00 8. White River (Lake) Harbor, Michigan.—The original outlet from White Lake was improved at local expense to about 5 feet. The official project of 1866 increases the depth to 12 feet with an entrance width between piers and revetments of 200 feet. The piers still lack 250 feet and 200 feet, respectively, of their full extension, and the north pier to reach the 15-foot contour in the lake must be built out some 300 feet farther, to prevent the sand accumulations from passing around it and blocking the entrance. Repeated dredging has been necessary to maintain the navigation, which in fact has never been fully attained to the projected depth. Considerable repairs, sheet piling, and other measures to maintain the works and prevent shoaling are required. The expenditures to July 1, 1891, were $256,432.06, and for the fiscal year $6,482.12. July 1, 1891, balance unexpended.. June 30, 1892, amount expended during fiscal year. July 1, 1892, balance unexpended.. July 1, 1892, outstanding liabilities July 1, 1892, balance available.... Amount appropriated by act approved July 13, 1892. Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893.. Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project .... Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 8.) $18, 117.94 6, 482. 12 11, 635.82 195.92 11, 439.90 5,000.00 16, 439.90 43, 225.00 9. Muskegon Harbor, Michigan.-The Muskegon entrance was origi nally deepened at private cost to about 7 feet. The official project of 1866, amended in 1869, 1873, 1881, and 1884, provided for deepening the navigation to 13 feet, with an entrance width of 300 feet. The revision of 1890 was to close the gap in the north pier, which has been done, and the latest revision of January, 1892, proposes to furnish a 15-foot navigation through from lake to lake. The expenditures to July 1, 1891, were $284,272.21. A fair navigation has been maintained, although the services of the dredge were frequently in demand, and at the beginning of the fiscal year the depth was from 15 to 16 feet, but in the fall the channel was very narrow, and the greater part of the space between the piers near their ends was occupied by a shoal with only 11 feet on it. At the earnest solicitation of the harbor interest the Government dredge was kept in commission from October 9 to November 30, 1891, during which period dredging was practicable on eleven days only, and but four of these near the end of the pier. At the opening of navigation in 1892 there was a bare 123-foot depth close to the south pier, and in April and May the channel was again deepened to 15 feet. The expenditures for the year were $33,524.32. In order to close the gap in the north pier 316 feet of the inner north pier was removed by blasting and dredging and a new work built connecting the detached portions. This was completed in October, 1891. Contract was also made for the raising and rebuilding of the sunken outer crib of the north pier. Work was begun in June, 1891, and continued until near the end of September, but in an endeavor to raise the crib it broke in two and was moored for the winter in the inner lake. An amended contract has been made to include the construction of an additional crib outside the restored one, and this work is now in progress. 10. Grand Haven Harbor, Michigan.-Grand Haven, in addition to its local commerce, is the principal harbor of refuge on the east coast of Lake Michigan. Originally improved by the construction of a pier on the south side in connection with the steamers operated by the Detroit, Grand Haven and Milwaukee Railway, terminating at that point, the work was taken in hand by the United States in 1866, with extensions projected in 1880 and 1890, with the object of creating an entrance width of 400 feet and a depth of 18 feet in the interest of general commerce. The work has been attended with very beneficial results, but the constant encroachment of sand from the huge dunes lying between the lake and the bend of the stream and which the current transported to the entrance, has in connection with wave action in the lake maintained a bar at the entrance just beyond the ends of the piers, which at times becomes dangerous. The total expenditures to July 1, 1891, were $565,943.97. The piers still lack 500 and 300 feet respectively of their full extension, and the sand dunes bordering the entrance to the north should be controlled. The expenditures for the past year were $38,296.85. Six new cribs, three on each pier, were completed in October, 1891. The notable southwest gale of December 4 and 5 nearly wrecked the three new cribs on the south pier. The bed of the lake adjacent to the piers was scoured out to a depth of 11 feet, undermining the pile supports and letting the cribs down. The stone filling of the cribs failed to perform its function of passing through the bottom to fill the exca |