The bar chanuel sometimes had a good depth of 12 to 15 feet at low water, sometimes shoaled to the same depth at high water. The amount expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, was $62,161.43. The new north jetty has been built to a total length of 4,800 feet, including the approach. Of this length 1,808 is beyond low-water mark. There has been a marked improvement in the entrance to the bay. A survey made in March, 1892, shows the bar 2,000 feet inside its posi tion in August, 1891, and a channel over the bar 18 feet deep at low water. This channel has been maintained for about 8 months in its present position, which is a little north of its position of last summer. The total appropriation, made in eight acts, is $548,750. July 1, 1892, balance available .. Amount appropriated by act approved July 13, 1892 Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893..... 6, 748. 09 950.00 5,798.09 210,000.00 215,798. 09 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..... 2, 131, 412. 20 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix T T 2.) 3. Umpqua River, Oregon.-Just below Scottsburg, the head of navi gation on the Umpqua River, the channel was obstructed by five sandstone bars or ledges, 12 feet to 15 feet wide, and 1 foot to 2 feet below low tide at a low-river stage. They were separated by pools about 150 feet wide and 5 to 10 inches deep. The Secretary of War having authorized the expenditure of the balance of the appropriation of March 3, 1871, viz, $4,685.89, in improving the river below Scottsburg, a project was submitted and approved in 1885 for making a channel 50 feet wide and 3 feet deep by drilling and blasting the rock and removing the broken pieces. In September, 1889, a survey of the river was made and a new project submitted, which was approved October, 1890. This project provides for the removal of bowlders and ledges in the wharf basin at Scottsburg and below the basin, with a view of opening a channel way 50 feet wide and 4 feet deep at low water at an estimated cost of $9,000. The amount expended up to June 30, 1891, was $6,992.42. The result obtained was a navigable channel 50 feet wide and 2 feet deep at low water, extending nearly through the reefs below Scottsburg, where formerly there was only a depth of 1 foot or less. The amount expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, was $7,252.74. The project was nearly completed. Before its entire completion, however, the river rose and became muddy. There are in consequence some points of rock which will have to be removed before the project can be considered as fully completed. The present appropriation is deemed sufficient for the completion of the existing project. The appropriations, made in three acts, amount to $33,500. 4. Mouth of Siuslaw River, Oregon.-The Siuslaw River enters the ocean in the midst of a vast shifting sandy beach, without any headland or fixed point to determine or aid in determining the location of the entrance channel. The unconfined channel, has a range of about one mile over which it wanders. The depth on the bar varies from 5 to 12 feet at low water, and the bar channel is very variable in position and direction. The plan of improvement is to confine the outgoing and incoming waters between high-tide brush and stone jetties, so located as to direct the currents upon the bar in a direction practically perpendicular to the coast. The north jetty will be 4,500 feet long; the south jetty 3,200 feet, and they are to converge to an entrance 600 feet wide at the crest of the bar. The amount expended to June 30, 1891, was $601.96. The amount expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, was $29,816.90. The work has been entirely of a preliminary character. The appropriation, act of September 19, 1890, is $50,000. July 1, 1891, balance unexpended June 30, 1892, amount expended during fiscal year.. July 1, 1892, balance unexpended July 1, 1892, outstanding liabilities. July 1, 1892, balance available..... Amount appropriated by act approved July 13, 1892 $49, 398. 04 29, 816.90 19, 581. 14 2,300.00 Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893.... Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project .... Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix T T 4.) 17, 281. 14 20,000.00 37, 281. 14 630,000.00 5. Harbor at Yaquina Bay, Oregon.-The usual low-water depths over the bar at Yaquina Bay before improvement were from 7 to 8 feet. Three distinct channels existed, constantly changing in position and depth. The south channel was the one mostly used, though rendered dangerous by rocks. The middle channel being usually the shoalest, was little used, though free from rocks; while the north channel, long, tortuous, and studded with rocks, was considered unnavigable. The mean rise of tide was 7.1 feet. The project adopted in 1881 was to construct a dike or jetty on the south side, to cause the south channel to shoal up, with a view to obtaining in the middle channel a least high-water depth of 17 feet. As originally projected, the dike was to start from near low-water line, and, rising 2 feet above mean low water, was to run out to sea a distance of 2,500 feet. The stone for the jetty was to be deposited from barges, and cribs were to be used, if practicable. Both were found impossible, owing to roughness of the water, and accordingly the jetty had to be built from the shore end, by means of a tramway begun at high tide instead of low-tide level, making the projected length 3,700 feet. In 1884 the jetty was extended shoreward a distance of 316 feet to close a gap washed out by the sea; this increased the total projected length to about 4,000 feet. The present project, adopted in 1888, is to raise the south jetty to full high water without extending it further seaward, making its total length 3,748 feet, and to build a mid-tide jetty about 2,300 feet long on the north side of the entrance, extending from the north head along and behind the reef to a point opposite the end of the south jetty and about 1,000 feet from it. The amount expended to June 30, 1891, was $451,239.57. The south jetty had been built to full high water and to its full length of 3,748 feet. About 1,400 feet of the north jetty had been built at least as high as mean low water. As a result the bar depth had increased to about 11 feet at mean low water, and the tendency of the channel to run straight out to sea had been materially increased. The amount expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, was $84,108.69. The north jetty has been extended to a total length of about 2,100 feet, of which 405 feet is in an incomplete condition. A large portion of the south jetty has been raised to full high-tide level. The results have been highly satisfactory. The channel has been continuously straight, and recent soundings indicate a least depth over the bar of 16 to 18 feet. The appropriations, made in eight acts, amount to $635,000. Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..... Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix T T 5.) 10, 551.99 85,000.00 95, 551.99 80,000.00 6. Tillamook Bay and Bar, Oregon.-The channel over the bar is direct and shifts but little, so that the bar is considered one of the safest on the Oregon coast. A fair depth of water is maintained throughout the year, so that vessels drawing 13 feet can usually enter. The bay at low tide consists of three channels of fair depth near the entrance, but shoaling to 1 or 2 feet near the head of the bay. Tillamook City, the principal town of the region, is situated on a tidal slough above the head of the bay, and can be reached only by lightdraft vessels at high tide. No general project for the improvement of the bay and bar has been approved. A special project was approved for the expenditure of the money appropriated by the act of August 11, 1888. This provided for a survey of the bar and entrance, and the construction of longitudinal and spur dikes, and shore protection works to deepen the water over Dry Stocking Bar, at the mouth of Hoquarton Slough, and to remove snags and overhanging trees from Hoquarton Slough. The amount expended to June 30, 1891, was $4,922.95. Hoquarton Slough had been cleared of snags as far as Tillamook City. The amount expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, was $709.90. No work was done beyond making a survey. The appropriations, in three acts, amount to $20,700. July 1, 1891, balance unexpended.... June 30, 1892, amount expended during fiscal year.. July 1, 1892, balance unexpended..... Amount appropriated by act approved July 13, 1892. Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893. Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..... Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix T T 6.) $777.06 709.90 67.16 15,000.00 15,067. 16 85,000.00 7. Entrance to Nehalem Bay, Oregon.-Nehalem Bay at high water is about 2 miles long by 13 miles wide at the widest part, and is connected with the ocean by a narrow channel extending in a southerly direction about 3 miles. This channel varies in width from 1,000 to 2,000 feet at high tide; it is separated from the ocean by a low sandy peninsula, about 2 miles long and mile wide. The entrance channel south of this peninsula is shifting, its northern and southern limits being about 1 mile apart. The channel across the bar at the entrance is ordinarily 5 to 6 feet deep. The plan of improvement is to hold the channel in its southern position by building two high-tide stone jetties; the northern starting from the above-mentioned peninsula, and the southern to start from the mainland; these to converge to an entrance width of about 500 feet, and then, if necessary, to run parallel for a sufficient distance to secure a bar depth of 8 feet at low water. The cost, as estimated in 1891, will be $712,338. The amount expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, was $415.08. No work was done beyond making a survey. The appropriation, in one act, amounts to $10,000. July 1, 1891, balance unexpended July 30, 1892, amount expended during fiscal year. July 1, 1892, balance unexpended.... (See Appendix T T 7.) $10,000.00 415.08 9,584.92 8. Upper Columbia and Snake rivers, Oregon and Washington.-Under the above head it has been deemed proper to officially include the continuous Columbia and Snake rivers from Celilo, at the head of the Dalles, to Lewiston. The Upper Columbia and Snake form a continuous line of navigable river, but broken by many rapids which render navigation difficult and dangerous. These rapids are in nearly every instance caused by rocky bars with occasional bowlders. The channels before improvement were crooked and narrow, the ruling depth at low water over many of the bars was 2 to 3 feet, and some were practically impassable at low water. Previous to 1877, $20,000 had been appropriated for the work of improvement, and had been expended in surveys and rock removal at the principal rapids. In 1877 a project was approved which provided for the removal of bowlders and reefs, and for scraping gravel bars in the Columbia and Snake as far as Lewiston. The estimated cost was $132,000. The amount expended up to June 30, 1891, was $134,442.23. The general result of all work done and of natural forces had been to lower the bed of the river about 13 feet, but the surface was lowered also, so that the navigable depth was not increased. The removal of bowlders and reefs had been very beneficial by making navigation less dangerous. No work had been done since 1889, and a number of large bowlders had been brought into the river by ice and freshets. The amount expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, was $8,275.04. Two hundred and ninety-three cubic yards of reef and bowlder rock was removed. The benefit to navigation was very great. Boats can carry more than double their previous loads, and with greater safety. The present project or plan of improvement consists in removal of bowlders, gravel bars, and rock ledges, and putting in such contraction works as may be necessary. The estimated cost of the work has not been accurately determined because of the lack of continuous and full surveys, and because from the nature of things it can not be, as many of the obstructions which it is necessary to remove are continually recurring. The appropriations, made in fourteen acts, amount to $271,000. 9. Columbia River between head of Rock Island Rapids and foot of Priest Rapids, Washington.-The portion of the Columbia River from the head of Rock Island Rapids to the foot of Priest Rapids is about 60 miles in length. The banks for the greater part of the distance are precipitous bluffs from 1,000 to 3,000 feet high. The neighboring country is rocky and sterile. The principal obstructions to navigation are Rock Island, Cabinet, and Priest rapids. At Rock Island Rapids the river has cut around both sides of a large island of rock. The channel is obstructed by reefs, rocks, and sharply projecting points. These dam up the water to such an extent that it escapes over lines of very steep slope. Above the head of the island the channel is nearly choked by extensive deposits of gravel. The river has a fall of 10 feet in 3,000 feet, and 12 feet in 8,000 feet at a stage of about 4 feet above low water. At Cabinet Rapids a mass of basaltic rock projects from the left bank nearly two-thirds across the river, deflecting the current and |