and outside the harbor line south to a point opposite the gas company's wharf and the 15-foot channel 750 feet wide around and to the eastward of the dolphin on Goat Island Spit, has also been completed. The increase of width to be made between the 15-foot curves at the southern entrance by dredging in the spit south of Goat. Island had been completed. The berth for vessels at the quartermaster's wharf at Fort Adams had been deepened to 10 feet at mean low water, and the littoral sand from the outside of Goat Island had been stopped for the present from washing into the channel at the southern entrance of the harbor by the construction of a jetty on the west side of the island. The southern entrance is completed for vessels of 15 feet draft, and of the total area to be dredged within the harbor (about 90 acres) about 66 acres had been completed.

No dredging was done during the last fiscal year for want of funds. The river and harbor act of 1892, having extended the work of this improvement to include the removal of Goat Island Spit at the southern entrance to the harbor, and the cost of this new work having been estimated at $24,200, the cost of the entire present project will be thereby increased to a total of $156,200.

The work required to complete the existing project is the dredging of the remainder of the narrow strip along the western edge of the 15foot channel north of the dolphin, the removal of Goat Island Spit to 15 feet depth, and the excavation of the 10-foot anchorage area; also the building of additional jetties outside of Goat Island whenever they may be required to arrest the drift of littoral sand and gravel into the harbor entrance.

The balance available is to be applied to continuing the improvement.

1.87

July 1, 1892, balance available

Amount appropriated by act approved July 13, 1892 ..

Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893 .....

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project............. Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.

(See Appendix C 14.)

25,000.00

25, 001.87

26, 700.00

15. Harbor of refuge at Point Judith, Rhode Island.-Point Judith is the southeastern extremity of South Kingston, R. I., and marks the southwestern entrance to Narragansett Bay. A long ledge, known as Squid Ledge, extends for nearly a mile in a south by easterly direction about 13 miles west of the Point.

The present approved project of 1889 provides for a harbor of refuge for passing vessels by the construction of riprap breakwaters on Squid Ledge and between the southern extremity of this ledge and Point Judith, at a total cost, as estimated in 1889, of $1,250,000.

Seventy-five thousand dollars was appropriated and $24,671.15 was paid out on this work up to June 30, 891; this expenditure resulting in the opening up of quarries, building of special plant, and the commencement of the breakwater itself.

A beacon has been established on the outer end of Squid Ledge, and

the construction of the two arms extending one to the north and the other to the east of this point comme ced.

During the fiscal year work was carried on in the field from July 1 to November 20, by which the center of the breakwater was raised to lowwater level and extended outward along both arms, and the Government plant much increased and improved.

It is proposed to apply the balance available and the appropriation asked for to continuing the construction of the breakwater.

July 1, 1891, balance unexpended..............

June 30, 1892, amount expended during fiscal year

July 1, 1892, balance unexpended

July 1, 1892, outstanding liabilities

July 1, 1892, balance available......

Amount appropriated by act approved July 13, 1892.

$50, 328.85

Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project ........ Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1894 ....

Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.

(See Appendix C 15.)

48, 578. 59

1,750.26 1, 135. 34

614.92 75,000.00

75, 614.92

1, 100, 000. 00

100,000.00

16. Harbor of refuge at Block Island, Rhode Island.-This island is about 14 miles east of the eastern end of Long Island and about 10 miles distant from the nearest point of the mainland.

The object of the improvement is to furnish a harbor of refuge for vessels engaged in foreign and coastwise commerce.

Before the construction of the present harbor Block Island had no harbor which afforded protection for decked vessels.

Between 1870 and 1876, $285,000 was appropriated for a breakwater for a harbor for medium draft vessels, this work being completed in 1878. Between 1880 and 1882, $25,000 was appropriated for an inner basin and the protection of the shore next the breakwater, this work being completed in 1884. In 1884, $15,000 was appropriated for additions to the old breakwater, this money being so spent in 1884-'85.

The present approved project of 1884, as modified in 1888, provided for a harbor of refuge on the eastern side of the island, consisting of an inner harbor or basin for small vessels and an exterior for large ones. This basin was to be about 950 feet square and completely inclosed, with the exception of an opening 100 feet wide, at a total cost, as estimated in 1885, of $75,000. The exterior harbor is made by the old riprap breakwater.

Fifty thousand dollars was appropriated, and $40,554.97 was paid out on this work up to June 30, 1891; this expenditure giving results as follows:

The filling of the gap in the main breakwater had been completed. The timber jetty, filled with stone, forming the shore end of the western wall of the enlarged inner harbor had been commenced; the north wall had been commenced, and about 140 feet of the wall west of the opening into the harbor had been built to the level of mean high water. The shoal west of the breakwater had been dredged to a depth of 9 feet from the steamboat wharf to within 100 feet of the north wall. During the fiscal year work was continued from July 1 to October 17, by which all the walls of the inner harbor had been built to partial height.

The balance on hand will be applied to the continuation of the work under the existing project.

17. Pawcatuck River, Rhode Island and Connecticut.—The navigable part of the Pawcatuck River extends from the town of Westerly to Little Narragansett Bay, and the object of the improvement is to deepen and widen this channel.

Before improvement, the channel was crooked and obstructed by numerous shoals, on some of which there was but 14 feet of water at mean low water.

Between 1871 and 1876 $50,000 was appropriated for the excavation of a channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide below the wharves and from 35 to 40 feet wide between the upper and lower wharves, this work being completed in 1876. The present approved project of 1885 contemplates the further widening of the channel to 100 feet below the wharves and by an additional width of two cuts of an ordinary dredging machine, or about 40 feet, between the lower and upper wharves; also the deepening of the entire channel to 8 feet at mean low water, at a total cost, as estimated in 1885, of $38,600.

Thirty-eight thousand dollars was appropriated and $27,765.31 was paid out on this work up to June 30, 1891; this expenditure resulting in the completion of the channel from the deep water opposite the village of Lottery to within about a half of a mile of the city wharves, and the removal to a depth of 8 feet at mean low water of ledges at Certain Draw Point and Pawcatuck Rock. The removal of this rock, done in 1889, to an extent of about 3,400 tons and costing about $3,800, was an item not foreseen and not provided for in the original estimate; and consequently this same amount, $3,800, should now be added to the original estimate of 1885, raising it to $42,400 in order to secure the entire amount of dredging originally estimated for.

During the year work was commenced on November 5 and continued to December 18, again commenced June 7 and continued to June 17, by which over 25,000 cubic yards of material were dredged from the channel, extending the full channel to within a quarter of a mile of the city. The balance available will be applied to the extension of the channel according to the project.

July 1, 1892, balance available

Amount appropriated by act approved July 13, 1892.

Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893.. (See Appendix C 17.)

$10, 834.69 10,080. 75

753.94

595.91

158.03 3,800.00

3, 958. 03

18. Harbor of refuge at Stonington, Connecticut.-Stonington Harbor lies on the north side of the eastern entrance from the ocean into Long Island Sound, and its breakwaters are for the purpose of making the harbor a harbor of refuge for vessels entering and leaving this eastern entrance of the Sound. Stonington Harbor originally was an open bay unprotected from southerly storms and obstructed by a shoal having a low-water depth of but 6 feet at the shoalest part. Between 1827 and 1831 about $37,000 was spent in constructing piers or breakwaters in the inner harbor for the protection of the general harborage. Between 1871 and 1873 $46,166 was appropriated for a survey of the harbor and for dredging the harbor to 12 feet depth; this work being finished in 1875. Between 1875 and 1879 $112,500 was appropriated for the construction of a western breakwater about 2,000 feet long, extending to 18 feet depth of water, and for dredging the harborage to 12 feet depth inside this breakwater; this work being completed in 1880. The present approved project of 1880, as modified in 1882, provides for the construction of a similar eastern breakwater at a total cost, as estimated in 1882, of $143,000. The extent of the western end of the eastern breakwater has not yet been fully determined.

One hundred and thirty thousand five hundred dollars was appropriated, and $127,299.80 was paid out on this work up to June 30, 1891; this expenditure resulting in the extension of this eastern breakwater to a total length of 2,377 feet.

The balance on hand will be expended in extending the eastern breakwater farther to the westward.

19. Removing sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation.- Wreck of schooner Weybosset.-From the wreck of this vessel, whose removal was completed in June, 1891, the recovered property was sold for $120 at public auction in July, 1891, and the proceeds covered into the Treasury.

Wreck of schooner Lucy Jones.-This vessel, loaded with brimstone, was sunk by collision in February, 1892, near the Cross Rip Light-ship in eastern Nantucket Sound. Her spars and rigging were in February and March removed to 50 feet depth below low water.

Wreck of schooner Allie Oakes.-This vessel, loaded with lime, foundered in August, 1891, near Hyannis Break water, northern Nantucket Sound; and her wreck was removed by contract completed November 17, 1891.

Wreck of schooner Andrew J. York.-This vessel, loaded with paving stone, was sunk by collision in September, 1891, about 7 miles northwest from Nantucket Light; and her wreck was removed by contract completed January 29, 1891.

Wreck of schooner Mary E. Oliver. This vessel, loaded with feldspar rock, foundered in October, 1891, near Vineyard Haven Harbor, southern Nantucket Sound; and her wreck was removed by contract completed April 20, 1892. The property recovered from the wreck was ENG 92

-5

sold for $304.75 at public auction in May, and the proceeds covered into the Treasury.

Wreck of schooner Python.-This vessel, loaded with marble dust, was sunk by collision in September, 1891, near the bell buoy on Pollock Rip, eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound; and her wreck was removed by contract completed April 7, 1892.

Wreck of schooner Edith T. Gandy.-This vessel, loaded with paving blocks, foundered in October, 1891, about 2 miles southwest of Shovelful Light-vessel, eastern Nantucket Sound; and her wreck was removed by contract completed June 9, 1892.

Wreck of schooner Florence Nowell.-This vessel, loaded with paving stone, was sunk by collision in October, 1891, near Pollock Rip Lightship, eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound; and her wreck was removed by contract completed April 20, 1892.

Wreck of schooner J. B. Woodbury.-This vessel, wrecked in about 1875, was reported in April, 1892, as lying about 2 miles south of the life-saving station at Monomoy, and as endangering the safety of the life-saving boats and other craft. The wreck has been advertised, and bids have been solicited for its removal.

Wreck of schooner Bertha J. Fellows.-This vessel, wrecked in about 1885, was reported in April, 1892, as lying about three-quarters of a mile north of the life-saving station at Monomoy, and as endangering the safety of the life-saving boats and other craft. The wreck has been advertised, and bids have been solicited for its removal.

(See Appendix C 19.)

EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS, MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH PROVISIONS OF RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED SEPTEMBER 19, 1890.

The required preliminary examinations of the following localities were made by the local engineer in charge, Major Livermore, and reports thereon submitted through Col. Henry L. Abbot, Corps of Engineers, Division Engineer, Northeast Division. It is the opinion of Major Livermore, and of the division engineer, based upon the facts and reasons given, that these localities are worthy of improvement. The conclusions of these officers being concurred in by me, Major Livermore was charged with and has completed their survey and submitted reports thereon. The reports were transmitted to Congress and printed as executive documents of the Fifty-second Congress, first session.

1. Menemsha Bight, Massachusetts, an outlet into Vineyard Sound, on the north shore of the island of Marthas Vineyard, with a view of preventing the closing of said inlet.-The improvement desired at this locality is the formation of a harbor of refuge for light-draft vessels by the construction of jetties and shore protection, estimated to cost $25,000. While this locality is regarded by Major Livermore and Colonel Abbot as worthy of improvement, it is the opinion of these officers that in view of the difficulty of maintaining the improvement and of its large cost the demands of commerce do not justify the work being undertaken at the present time. Printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 60. (See also Appendix C 20.)

2. Canapitsit Channel, Massachusetts, between the island of Cuttyhunk and Nashawena (Neshawana), with a view of deepening the same and clearing the channel from obstructions to navigation.-The improvement proposed contemplates removing bowlders and dredging in the channel to a depth of 6 feet at mean low tide. The cost of this work is estimated at $4,800. It will also be necessary to place a beacon on the rocks lying in 12 feet of water to the south of the channel. Printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 59. (See also Appendix C 21.)