2 * For judgment is denounced against you. And a spread-net upon Tabor. And the revolters have made deep the slaughter Therefore will I bring chastisement on them all. And Israel is not hidden from me. For now Ephraim hath committed fornication, Hebr. to you judgment. 1. judgment] The sense in the version is favoured by ó. s to : by Houbigant, Adest vobis judicium: and by v. 2, 9. -at Mizpah] Probably both a mountain and a city of Gilead. Judges xi. 29. The word is derived from , to watch, sc. from an eminence. If a city be meant, we may render to Mizpah: namely, by inducing her to acts of idolatry on the height where she was situated. See c. iv. 13. -Tabor] A beautiful and fruitful mountain in the tribe of Zabulon. On these places ye have ensnared men into idolatry. The image is naturally suggested by the circumstance that hunters and fowlers frequented such places with their nets and snares. 2. —revolters]" The revolters have made deep i. e. great slaughter. As Isai. xxxi. 6. It may mean either of idolatrous sacrifices or men." Secker. "Prickers have made a deep slaughter." Horsley's ver.. "Note. "Prickers, scouts on horseback, attendants on the chase. The priests and rulers are accused as the seducers of the people to apostacy and idolatry. And their agents and emissaries, in this nefarious project, are represented under the image of the prickers." Horsley. -have made deep] Have multiplied their sacrifices. See Isai. xxxi. 6. and c. ix. 9. -the slaughter] A substantive. As 2 Chron. xxx. 17. the being omitted. Or, the infinitive mood, with the paragogic -chastisement] I will be a chastisement to them, as they have been a net and a snare to others. Secker. לכלם << υμων י.כלם .6 3. I know] Horsley renders in the past tense, "I have known." -hath committed fornication] Houbigant observes that all Two MSS. read a scortata est הונה the ancients read Ephraim, c. iv. 18. See a parallel place: c. vi. 10, 4 5 HOSEA. V. They will not frame their doings CALIFORNIA For a spirit of fornications is in the midst of them, Therefore the pride of Israel shall be humbled to + Hebr. give. 4. -frame] Hebr. give. habits will not permit them to As Eccl. i. 13. "Their perverse rit of wantonness is within them, and the Jehovan they have יתנו I take this as the nominative case to the verb .מעלליהם as it is taken by the Syr. From the root, to asceud, mount upwards, to go or come up,' we form the reduplicate verb by, by dropping the final of the primary root, and doubling the middle radical. "From this verb hy, which as a verb is found only in Hithpael, I derive our verbal hyn. This noun is used only in the plural number. It denotes, therefore, something which is in its nature plural. And if it denotes actions of any sort, it must signify not any individual act, but a set or system of actions. And because it must connect with the sense of the primary root by [with which the verb most evidently connects), it must express some set, or system of things, which naturally ascend, mount, get uppermost. Upon these grounds I am persuaded, that the word hy denotes the moral or immoral habits of a man, as things coming over him, growing up, and, in the vulgar phrase, getting the upper hand." "Habits,' therefore, is the true English rendering of the word. For which, in some instances, manners,' or 'practices,' may be used. But some epithet will generally be wanted, in English, to express the ascendancy, and in the case of evil habits, the malignant ascendancy, implied in the notion of the original word. -pride of Israel] " never properly signifies pride, but expresses rather condition, or external appearance, than character: great elevation in rank and power; brilliant prosperity; splendor and gaiety of ornamental dress; majesty, pomp, stateliness; any thing in condition, which, in the degenerate mind, may engender pride: any thing in external deportment, which may be a symptom of it; and any thing grand and majestic in outward appearance, without any imputation of pride to the person to whom it belongs. The feminine 2, besides every 6 7 8 And Israel and Ephraim shall fall in their iniquity: With their flocks, and with their herds, shall they go But they shall not find him: he hath withdrawn They have dealt treacherously against Jehovah ; Sound an alarm in Bethaven: The enemy cometh thing to which is applied, extends also to the moral internal swellings of the heart, and renders the vice of "pride," which Horsley. .never expresses גאון -shall be humbled] See ry. Ex. x. 3. Isai. xxxi. 4: and é. Ar. Syr. Chald. This line is repeated c. vii. 10: where V. agrees with the versions and Chald: and renders, not respondebit as in the text before us, but humiliabitur. "The excellency of Israel." Horsley's ver. 6. with their flocks] They shall at length offer sacrifices to him in vain, 7. strange] Alienated from Jehovah, idolatrous. "Children of strange women: forbidden Deut. vii. 3: practised after the captivity, perhaps before. Isai. ii. 6." Pocock. Secker. -the locust] Houbigant reads, bonn nn "Nunc igitur absumet rubigo [hæreditatem ipsorum]" 6. render, the word by which they translate on 1 Kings viii. 37. Ps. lxxviii. 46. Joel i. 4. It is Bochart's sixth name for a locust; from bon to consume. Hier. p. ii. 445. And the word p, in the Arabic version of this place, signifies a kind of locust. Or wyn ➡box', "the worm shall devour them with their portions." v. 12. Job iv. 19. "Forte separandum a verbo, ut formando nescio cui nomini inserviat." Secker. 8. Gibeah] Gibeah, Ramah, and Bethaven [see on c. iv. 15.] were situated in the tribe of Benjamin. Josh. xviii. 24, 25. Comp. Josh. vii. 2. xviii. 22. -the cornet] 6 read 1, Sound the cornet. -after thee] Or, "Look behind thee." See Pocock. This verse may very well be understood of the alarm given at the ap proach of locusts. Joel ii. 1. 9 10 11 12 13 Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke. a sure event. The princes of Judah are become like those who I will pour out my wrath upon them like water. And Judah, his wound: Then went Ephraim to the Assyrian, And sent to king Jareb: 9. sure] After Heb. for a desolation. we must understand some such word Bahrdt refers to Matth. xxi. 41. Haga Kugib eyeveto auth, και επι θαυμαςη και λα "A firm decree." Dr. Wheeler. .דברה as 10. -remove the landmark] A great crime. Deut. xxvii. 17. Jarchi and Abarbinel, as quoted By Pocock, interpret this of conforming to the idolatrous worship of Israel. They removed the boundaries between true religion and false, between right and wrong. 11. -oppressed-broken] He is oppressed with a heavy weight of calamity; be is crushed in his judicial contest with me. -willingly walked] may be the infinitive. -vanity] See ó. Ar. Syr. Chald. Houbigant, and others in Pol. Syn. who read w. Secker mentions this reading, and adds, "Notandum sequi "." But Vulg. reads N or y, excrementum, a remark which my learned friend Dr. Barrington, Bishop of Salisbury, made to me some time ago. And, agreeably to the translation of Vulg. idols are called, from a stercus: a name expressive of their detestable and polluting nature. Tayl. conc. See "Professor Michaelis's note from his Bibl. Orient. & Exeget. is; I pronounce . It should be excrementum; but the radical aleph is frequently lost after a litera quiescens, according to the manner of the Syrians and Chaldeans." Communicated by Mr. Woide. 12. -as a moth] See Job iv. 19. Ps. xxxix. 11. Isai. li. 8. 13. Jareb] See c. x. 6. Either the name of an Assyrian king, or of an Assyrian city. On the latter supposition we must 14 15 But he could not heal you; Nor did the wound depart from you. I will take away, and none shall deliver. ,וישלח § Or, be punished. render, the king of Jareb. In both places ó. and Ar. read Jarim, For the history see 2 Kings xvi. 7. "Videtur excidisse post quam vocem subaudiunt recentiorum nonnulli. Vid. Pocock. Nam aliquid facturum Judam verisimile erat, et fecisse patet ex. 14: et de utroque dicit Deus vos, ut vi. 4. If Jareb were the person's name, it should be on; and Jareb should be before, not after." Secker. "According to Castellus is a name of Egypt. In Abulfeda, Garbija is the name of one of the provinces of Egypt near the mouth of the Nile." Dr. Forsayeth. "When Ephraim perceives his holes, and Judah his corrupted sore, then Ephraim will betake him to the Assyrian, and send to the King, who takes up all quarrels." Horsley's ver. Note. "I leave a space here, to shew that something is wanting to be the nominative case of the verb send.' Perhaps Judah,' which however is not supplied either by MSS. or versions. 7. No proper name either of man or place, but clearly a noun, from the verb 7, put here in apposition with , and characteristic of the king, in the manner expressed in my translation." Horsley. 6 -depart] Houbigant gives this sense from the Arab. and Eth. See Cast. lex. But perhaps Chald. supplies the true reading, quiescere fecit. 6. may have read anavon. in Syriac signifies sedatus est, recessit." Dr. Forsayeth. 66 גהא 14. a lion] Leo niger. For ; the and being often exchanged in the eastern languages.. Boch. Hier. iii. i. "Non agnoscunt reduplicationem 6. Syr. Ar. Nescio an Chald." Secker. It is wanting in one MS. -will depart] The image of the lion is pursued; who retires slowly and intrepidly from his prey, and does not fly. 15. --my place] To my sanctuary, where I display my glory: to heaven, |