IMMIGRANTS IN INDUSTRIES.

DIVERSIFIED INDUSTRIES (IN TWO VOLUMES: VOL. I.).

This report, which was prepared under the direction of the Commission by

W. Jett Lauck, superintendent of agents, forms part of the general report of the

Immigration Commission on immigrants in industries.

IV

CONTENTS.

PART I.-GENERAL SURVEY OF EMPLOYEES ENGAGED IN DIVERSIFIED

Households studied.

The preparation of the report.

CHAPTER II-Racial composition of the operating forces at the present time:

Carpet manufacture..

Zinc smelting and refining..

CHAPTER III.-Racial displacements:

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees in the

manufacture of—

Page.

3

3

11

11

11

13

14-17

18

19

21

21

23

24

26-28

29

30

32

33-35

37

38

39

Members of households for whom detailed information was secured..

70

CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements:

Period of residence in the United States of members of immigrant house-

holds studied......

73

CHAPTER III.-Economic status:

Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied..

General occupation of males at the present time in the households studied..

General occupation of women at the present time in the households studied.

Occupations of first and second generation compared..

Annual earnings of male heads of families studied..

Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied.

Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied.

Annual family income..

Wives at work....

Relation between the earnings of husbands and the practice of wives in

keeping boarders or lodgers...

Page.

75

78

79

80

81

84

85

85

86

87

Members of households for whom detailed information was secured...

126

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees and

members of their households..........

134

Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied.

General occupation of males at the present time in the households studied..

General occupation of women at the present time in the households studied.

Occupations of the second generation compared..

Occupations entered by immigrants..

Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied.

Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied.

Annual family income...

147

147

148

Wives at work.....

149

Relation between the earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of

keeping boarders or lodgers

CHAPTER IV.—Working conditions—Continued.

Employment of immigrants because of peculiar training or skill.

Page.

158

Local prejudice.....

CHAPTER V.-Industrial effects of immigration:

Immigrant employers....

Effects of immigration upon local industries..

Industries established or promoted by immigrants.....

CHAPTER VI.-Housing and living conditions:

Rent in its relation to standard of living.

158

159

159

Industries established to supply demands of immigrant consumers..

160

160

161

Boarders and lodgers.....

Size of apartments occupied.

Size of households..

Congestion.........

Housing and segregation..

CHAPTER VII.-Salient characteristics:

Literacy...

Conjugal condition..

Age classification of households studied..

General effect of immigration on the community.

165

167

168

169

173

175

177

179

181

Charity.....

Diseases peculiar to immigrants..

Vital statistics...

182

183

183

183

CHAPTER VIII.-Immigrants in business and the professions:

Immigrants in the professions...

187

189

191

192

School attendance.

Status of children in the households studied.

194

196

Members of households for whom detailed information was secured.

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees and

members of their households....

231

Racial classification of employees at the present time..

234

CHAPTER III.-Economic status:

Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied..

General occupation of males at the present time in the households studied..

General occupation of women at the present time in the households studied.

Annual earnings of male heads of families studied....

237

240

242

244

Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied..

Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied.

Annual family income...

245

247

248

Wives at work....

249

Relation between the earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of

keeping boarders or lodgers..

250

Sources of family income...

251

Relative importance of the different sources of family income..

254

Members of households for whom detailed information was secured..

CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements:

300

History of immigration...

303

Period of residence in the United States of members of immigrant house-

holds studied...

308

Estimated population of Community D, in 1909, by race.

CHAPTER III.-Economic status:

309

Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied..

General occupation of males at the present time in the households studied..

General occupation of women at the present time in the households studied.

Annual earnings of male heads of families studied.....

311

314

315

317

Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied..

Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied.

Annual family income..

319

320

321

Wives at work..

322

Relation between the earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of

keeping boarders or lodgers..

323

The immigrant and organized labor.

330

CHAPTER V.-Industrial effects of immigration in Community D:

Effect of recent immigration upon old employees.

333

The employment of women..

334

The relation between the growth of the community and the immigrant

labor supply..