passe ouer into Britaine. 1471 He aideth courteouslie interteined; with assurance made, that no creature should doo them anie wrong or iniurie within his dominions. Act IV. sc. vii.—“ Flourish. Enter Edward, Richard, Hastings, and Souldiers." In The True Tragedie Edward, Richard, and Hastings enter "with a troope of Hollanders." 1 Edward has "brought desired helpe from Burgundie" (1. 6); and has now "arriu'd," From Rauenspurre Hauen, before the Gates of Yorke, [Hol. iii. 678/2/72. Halle, 290.] would not consent openlie to aid king Edward; but yet secretlie vnder hand by others he lent vnto him fiftie thousand florens of the [p. 679] crosse of S. Andrew, and further caused foure great ships to be appointed for him in the hauen of de Veere, otherwise called Camphire in Zeland, which in those daies was free for all men to come vnto, and the duke hired for him fourteene ships of the Easterlings well appointed, & for the more suertie tooke a bond of them to serue him trulic, till he were landed in England, and fifteene daies after. On March 14, 1471,2 Edward landed at Ravenspur, and moved towards York (Halle, 290, 291). The gates have been "made fast" (l. 10). Hastings knocks" once more, to summon" the magnates of the city. In response: "Enter, on the Walls, the Maior of Yorke and his Brethren." A colloquy succeeds (11. 17-24): Maior. My Lords, we were fore-warned of your comming, For now we owe allegeance vnto Henry. Edw. But, Master Maior, if Henry be your King, 20 Yet Edward, at the least, is Duke of Yorke. Maior. True, my good Lord, I know you for no lesse. Edw. Why, and I challenge nothing but my Dukedome, As being well content with that alone. 24 The Mayor accepts Edward's explanation, and the gates are opened. To illustrate this part of sc. vii., I quote Halle 3 (291, 292): 3 Kyng Edward, without any wordes spoken to hym, cam peaceably nere to Yorke [on March 18, 1471], of whose commynge, 1 Fab. (660) says that Edward landed at Ravenspur "with a small company of Flemynges and other." 2 Arrival, 2. 3 The account which Hol. gives of Edward's campaign in 1471 was chiefly taken from The Arrival of Edw. IV. This pamphlet contains a great deal which is not in Halle, whom the writer of The True Tragedie followed. 4 Arrival, 5. (Two alderwere sent to that the men of York tell Edward citizens would not within their answered that he came the realm, York.] not to claim but his duchy of alderinen returned to when the citiezens wer certefied, without delay they armed themselfe, and came to defend the gates; sendyng to hym two of the chiefest Aldermen1 of the citie, whych ernestly admonished hym on their behalfe to come not one foote nerar, nor temerariouslye to enter in to so great ieopardy; consideringe that they were fully determined and bent to compell hym to retract with dent of admit him swourd. Kyng Edward . . . determined to set forward neither gates.] with army nor with weapon, but with lowly wordes & gentel entreatynges; requyryng moste hartely the messengers that were sent to declare to the citizens that he came neither to demaund [Edward the realme of England, nor the superiorities of the same, but onely the duchie of Yorke, his olde enheritance; the which duchie, if he might by their meanes readept and recouer, he would neuer let passe out of hys memorie so great a benifite, and so frendly a gratuitie to hym exhibited. And so with fayre wordes and flatterynge speche he dismissed the messengers, and with good spede he and his folowed so quickly after that they were almost at y° gates as sone as the Ambassadors. The citezens, heryng his good answere, that he ment nor entended nothynge preiudiciall to kynge Henry nor his royall authoritie, were much mitigated & cooled, & began to commen with him from their walles, willyng him to conuey hym self into some other place without delay, which if he did they assured hym that he should haue neither hurte nor damage; but he, gently speakyng to all men, and especially to suche as were Aldermen, (whome he called worshipfull, and by their proper names them saluted,) after many fayre promises to them made, exhorted & desyred them that by their fauourable frendshyp & frendly permission he might enter into his awne towne, of the which he had both his name and title. All the whole daye was consumed in doutful communication & ernest interlocution. The citiezens, partely wonne by hys fayre wordes, & partly by hope [p. 292] of hys large promises, fell to this pact & conuencion, that, yf kyng Edward woulde swere to entertayne his citiezens of Yorke after a gentell sorte & fashyon, and here after to be obedient and faythfull 1 In 3 Hen. VI., IV. vii. 34, the Mayor opens the gates of York, and enters below with "two Aldermen." In T. T. he enters alone. [When the York, followed, the citizens meant Edward and assured that he nothing prejudicial to Henry's authority.] The citizens from the ing him to where, but persisted in enter York.] parleyed with Edward walls, desir remove else he mildly asking to (At last they yielded to his request, on condition that he should use them well, and be loyal to Henry.] [But when Edward was admitted into York, he set a garrison there.] to all kyng Henryes commaundementes and preceptes, that then When Edward has taken the keys of York from the Mayor, a march is heard, and Sir John Montgomery enters "with Drumme and Souldiers." Edward's question-" why come you in Armes "-is thus answered by Sir John (ll. 43, 44): To helpe King Edward in his time of storme, As euery loyall Subiect ought to doe. 44 Edw. Thankes, good Mountgomerie; but we now forget Our Title to the Crowne, and onely clayme Our Dukedome till God please to send the rest. Mount. Then fare you well, for I will hence again : 48 I came to serue a King and not a Duke.— Edw. Hall. [Sir Thomas would serve Edward is soon persuaded to reassume his royal style; whereupon Hastings cries (11. 69, 70): Sound Trumpet! Edward shal be here proclaim'd: Come, fellow Souldior, make thou proclamation! [Flourish. Sound. Soul. Edward the Fourth, by the Grace of God, King of England and France, and Lord of Ireland, &c. Edward left York on March 19, and arrived at Nottingham a few days later; where [Hol. iii. 680/2/49. Halle, 292.] there came to him sir Thomas Montgomery Burgh, & sir Thomas Montgomerie, with their aids; which caused no man but him at their first comming to make proclamation in his owne name, to wit, of K. Edward the fourth: boldlie affirming to him, that they would serue no man but a king. a king.] Act IV. sc. viii.-King Henry, Warwick, Montague, Clarence, 1 When the Mayor has yielded the keys of York, he is told that "Edward will defend the Towne and thee."-3 Hen. VI., IV. vii. 38. 2 Arrival, 5, 7. Sir Thomas Montgomery is not mentioned in Arrival or Warkw. According to the former (and better) authority Edward was "receyyyd as Kynge" at Warwick, on or about April 2; "and so made his proclamations from that tyme forthe wards."-Arrival, 9. Warkw. (14) agrees with Halle in assigning an earlier date to Edward's proclamation as King, and in making Nottingham the scene of that step. Oxford, and Somerset meet to take counsel, since news has come that With hastie Germanes, and blunt Hollanders, 4 And with his troupes doth march amaine to London; Warwick will muster up friends in Warwickshire,1 while the other Lords do the same in different parts of England. All are to meet at Coventry (1. 32). These arrangements made, they bid Henry farewell, and depart. The scene is carried on, or a new scene begins,2 with Henry's remark: Here at the Pallace [of the Bishop of London] will I rest a while. His army is already in the field, and he speaks confidently of his subjects' affection for him. Before Exeter-whom Henry has been addressing-can reply, they hear shouts, which are immediately followed by the entrance of Edward, Richard, and Yorkist soldiers. Edward exclaims (11. 53, 54, 58): Seize on the shamefac'd Henry, beare him hence, Edward received a voluntary offer of submission from the Mayor, aldermen, and leading citizens of London.8 When, says Halle (294), the duke of Somerset, and other of kynge Henryes frendes, saw Act V. sc. i.—At the close of the last scene, after Henry has been 1 He was in Warwickshire when Edward landed.-Hol. iii. 680/1/5; Halle, 291. A letter (printed in Oman's King-maker, 221, 222) contains a postscript written by the Earl at Warwick, on March 25, 1471. 2 Mr. Daniel begins another scene here, and allots a separate day to it. -T-A., 320. 3 Arrival, 16. * In April, 1471, Queen Margaret's landing was expected, and, with the design of collecting men to assist her, Somerset left London for the west of England some days before April 11, when Edward entered the city.Arrival, 14, 15. 6 Arrival, 17. Kyng Henry agayne comitted to prison. to all kyng Henryes commaundementes and preceptes, that the they woulde receyue hym in to their citie, & ayde and comfort hy with money. . . . When kyng Edward had appesed the citieze and that their fury was past, he entred in to the citie, &, cler [But when forgettinge his othe, he first set a garrison of souldiers in towne,1 to the entent that nothyng should be moued agaynst 1 by the citezens, & after he gathered a great host, by reason o' money. Edward was admitted into York, he set a garrison there.] Edw. Hall. [Sir Thomas would serve When Edward has taken the keys of York from the Mayor, a is heard, and Sir John Montgomery enters "with Drumm Souldiers." Edward's question-" why come you in Armes "answered by Sir John (Il. 43, 44): To helpe King Edward in his time of storme, As euery loyall Subiect ought to doe. " Edw. Thankes, good Mountgomerie; but we now for Our Title to the Crowne, and onely clayme Our Dukedome till God please to send the rest. Mount. Then fare you well, for I will hence again : I came to serue a King and not a Duke.— Sound Trumpet! Edward shal be here proclaim'd: [Flou Edward left York on March 19, and arrived at Nott days later; where [Hol. iii. 680/2/49. Halle, 292.] there came to h Montgomery Burgh, & sir Thomas Montgomerie, with their aids no man but him at their first comming to make proclamati name, to wit, of K. Edward the fourth: boldlie at that they would serue no man but a king. a king.] Act IV. sc. viii.-King Henry, Warwick, M 1 When the Mayor has yielded the keys of York, he i will defend the Towne and thee."-3 Hen. VI., IV. vii. € 2 Arrival, 5, 7. Sir Thomas Montgomery is not mer Warkw. According to the former (and better) authority E as Kynge" at Warwick, on or about April 2; "and so n from that tyme forthe wards."-Arrival, 9. Warkw. (1 assigning an earlier date to Edward's proclamation as Nottingham the scene of that step. ་ |