prope perfunctam esse: cum res publica occideret, vita excessisse. Quid est quod tu aut illa cum fortuna hoc nomine queri possitis ? Denique noli te oblivisci Ciceronem esse et eum qui aliis consueris praecipere et dare consilium, neque imitare malos medicos qui in alienis morbis profitentur tenere se medicinae scientiam, ipsi se curare non possunt; sed potius quae aliis tute praecipere soles ea tute tibi subice atque apud animum propone. 6. Nullus dolor est quem non longinquitas temporis minuat ac molliat: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere. Quod si qui etiam inferis sensus est, perfunctam esse] Perfungi, 'to pass through,' is generally used of evil fortune, but sometimes we find it applied to a course of honours and good fortune, e.g. Fam. i. 8. 3 (119), cum et honoribus amplissimis et laboribus maximis perfuncti essemus; De Orat. iii. 7, ab honorum perfunctione: Brut. 8, aetas nostra perfuncta rebus amplissimis; Ter. Hec. 594. cum res publica occideret] cp. De Orat. iii. 10 of M. Antonius, the orator, ut ille et vixisse cum republica pariter et cum illa simul exstinctus esse videatur. hoc nomine] on this account,' originally a book-keeping term, cp. note to Fam. ii. 1, 1 (166). To the exx. there given add Sull. 21; Muren. 82; Phil. xiv. 29. imitare] So all the мss. Schmalz (p. 126) rightly says that this is to be taken as the archaic infinitive of the active form, and not as the imperative of the deponent; comparing Liv. Andr. 1 (Ribb.), Si malos imitabo. Varro ap. Non. 473, 20, tuum opus nemo imitare potest. He thinks Sulpicius may be imitating or quoting an old poet who said, noli imitare malos medicos. For a long list of verbs active in archaic Latin, but deponent in later times, cp. Dräger i. 150, 151. For the construction which supplies the affirmative volueris out of the negative noli, Hofmann compares Fam. xii. 30. 1 (899), noli mihi impudens esse nec mihi molestiam exhibere. Essentially similar are Hor. Sat. i. 1, 3 (where see Palmer); Cic. N. D. i. 17; Att. vii. 15, 3 (311): cp. Madv. 462 b. apud animum propone] cp. Fam. ii. 3, 1 (169), apud animum tuum relinquam; Liv. xxxiv. 2. 4, statuere apud animum meum. In his exhaustive treatise on Greek and Roman Consolationes in the Leipziger Studien, ix. p. 99, Buresch thinks that the verses of Sophocles (Frag. 666, ed. Nauck) were introduced into Tusc. iii. 71, owing to this rebuke of Sulpicius. 6. longinquitas temporis] cp. Soph. El. 179 χρόνος γὰρ εὐμαρὴς θεός time is a comfortable god.' hoc te... tibi turpe est] Cicero would have left out either tibi (cp. Fam. iv. 6, 1 (574), turpe enim esse existimo me non ita ferre casum meum, where he is perhaps tacitly correcting Sulpicius); or te (cp. Att. ix. 10, 6 (365), turpe nobis puto esse de fuga cogitare). ei rei... occurrere] 'to anticipate this result,' lit. 'to go to meet': cp. Q. Fr. i. 1, 4 (30), contraque erigas ac resistas sive etiam ultro occurras negotiis. For the sentiment cp. Fam. v. 16, 5 (529), Nam quod adlatura est ipsa diuturnitas quae maximos luctus vetustate tollit, id nos praecipere consilio prudentiaque debemus; and especially Att. xii. 10 (651) impetret ratio quod dies impetratura est. Quod si qui... sensus est] if the dead have any consciousness'-a sad if: cp. Tac. Agr. 46. 1. Our passage has been referred to by Archbishop Whately to show that a belief in a future life, though nominally professed, cannot be regarded as practically forming any part of the creed of the cultured Romans of Cicero's time. In a letter to Torquatus in the early part of this year Cicero speaks of death, if it should befall him in the troubles and tumults of the period, as sine ullo sensu, Fam. vi. 4. 4 (540). It should, however, be noticed that when Cicero, to beguile his grief, devoted himself to philosophical studies, one of the first results (some months later) was the Tusc. Disp., in the first book of which he has collected whatever his learning or reflections could contribute qui illius in te amor fuit pietasque in omnis suos, hoc certe illa te facere non vult. Da hoc illi mortuae; da ceteris amicis ac familiaribus qui tuo dolore maerent; da patriae, ut, si qua in re opus sit, opera et consilio tuo uti possit. Denique, quoniam in eam fortunam devenimus ut etiam huic rei nobis serviendum sit, noli committere ut quisquam te putet non tam filiam quam rei publicae tempora et aliorum victoriam lugere. Plura me ad te de hac re scribere pudet ne videar prudentiae tuae diffidere; qua re, si hoc unum proposuero, finem faciam scribendi: vidimus aliquotiens secundam pulcherrime te ferre fortunam magnamque ex ea re te laudem apisci: fac aliquando intellegamus adversam quoque te aeque ferre posse neque id maius quam debeat tibi onus videri, ne ex omnibus virtutibus haec una tibi videatur deesse. Quod ad me attinet, cum te tranquilliorem animo esse cognoro, de iis rebus quae hic geruntur quemadmodumque se provincia habeat certiorem faciam. Vale. to throw light on the condition of the soul after death. The received philosophical opinion on the subject seems to have been expressed by Seneca when he terms the belief in the immortality of the soul a beautiful dream (bellum somnium), and describes its adherents as asserting rather than proving a most acceptable doctrine. Friedländer (SG. iii 735 ff.) has a learned discussion on the relation of a belief in a future life to ancient Roman speculation and conduct. qui illius] cp. Fam. vii. 2, 1 (182). Si mihi permisisses, qui meus amor in te est, confecissem. Denique] Watson points out that it is probable that Sulpicius intended to finish his letter with the words uti possit, when this new topic occurred to him. ut etiam... sit] that even this consideration must be attended to.' 6 aliorum] perhaps not exactly the other side' (alterorum), but others' than we and the supporters of the republic. pulcherrime] 'most nobly,' 'finely' (καλώς). apisci] For this form cp. note to Att. viii. 14. 3 (349). It is found in Livy and post-Augustan writers. To the exx. in the Dictt. add Cic. Leg. i. 52; Turpil. 10 (Ribb.), apisci haud possem sine magna miseria; Titin. 2. purpuramque aptae simus. tranquilliorem] This reading of the MSS is rightly defended by Lehmann (p. 83); cp. Att. xi. 12, 4 (427), Quod me audis erectiorem esse animo; Fam. ii. 8, 2 (201), et animo et consilio paratum; v. 12, 9 (109), alacres animo; Tusc. iv. 37; Rep. i. 14. provincia] Achaea: cp. Fam. iv. 4, (495). 556. CICERO TO ATTICUS (ATT. X11. 21). ASTURA; MARCH 16; A. U. C. 709; B. C. 45; AET. CIC. 61. De dote, de Balbi condicione, de loco fani Tulliae aedificandi et aliis rebus privatis. 1. De dote, tanto magis perpurga. Balbi regia condicio est delegandi. Quoquo modo confice. 1. De dote] This must refer to the repayment of her dower to Terentia, a matter frequently mentioned in the letters of this period. tanto magis perpurga] sc. quanto difficilius est. Atticus had dwelt on the difficulty of coming to a settlement. Perpurga is a stronger expression than explica or expedi for winding up a business transaction. Translate 'make a clean settlement of it': cp. purgare rationes, Suet. Calig. 29. But perhaps it may mean something quite different, namely, ' make our apologies most amply.' delegandi] The generally accepted view of this passage is that Terentia became desirous of getting the money due for her dowry without delay (she had been divorced for about a year), and Balbus advanced the money, as it were bought the debt from her, and then Terentia assigned (delegare) Balbus to Cicero as his creditor in the matter. She would appear to have done this without consulting Cicero, just notifying to him the transfer of his obligation. This conduct seemed to Cicero, and not unreasonably, to be lordly' (regia). Balbus may have had no desire to press Cicero hard; but Cicero naturally did not wish to be under an obligation to such an influential Caesarean as Balbus, and was accordingly insistent that Atticus should clear off the debt. The translation will, then, be: "Terentia's arrangement in assigning Balbus as my creditor is a very lordly proceeding." This is a somewhat rare use of delegare. It is generally used of assigning or deputing one's debtor to pay not oneself but a third person: cp. Ulpian's definition in Dig. xlvi. 2. 11 Delegare est vice sua alium reum dare creditori vel cui iusserit (or to his order '): Seneca Benef. iv. 11.3 The shipwrecked mariner whom we have helped nunquam amplius in con Turpe est rem impeditam spectum nostrum reversurus debitores nobis deos delegat illi pro se gratiam reddant (cp. Proverbs 19. 17): but it seems to be occasionally found in the sense of assigning one's creditor to become the creditor of one's debtor, as Terentia is held to have assigned her creditor Balbus to be the creditor of her debtor Cicero cp. Seneca Epist. 18.14 Prius, inquis, redde quod debes. Delegabo te ad Epicurum : ab illo fiet numeratio : Immodica ira gignit insaniam.' (In Digest xxiii. 3. 5. 8 creditorem delegavit ut daret dotem, the word only means ordered '). But allowing the possibility of this interpretation, the order of words is rather against taking Balbi and delegandi together. We rather think, with Dr.. Reid (Hermathena x. (1898), pp. 132-3) that delegandi means delegandi pecuniam, and is used in a partially untechnical sense, meaning little more than 'making over,' 'paying over,' the money. Cicero may have approached Balbus with a proposal that he should advance the money to satisfy Terentia's claim, and Balbus was for exacting hard conditions. For this use of delegare cp. 663. 4 Quinto delegabo (make over') si quid aeri meo alieno supererit: Font. 18 Quid si hoc crimen optimis nominibus delegare possumus (if we can shift (make over) the charge to men of excellent credit'): De Domo 16 Delegavi (sc. I transferred the claim the people made on me to lower the price of corn) amico locupletiori (sc. Pompeio). In Att. xii. 3. 2 (468) delegationem a mancipe annua die means 'transference of the debt [due to Cic. by the former owner of the confiscated estate] to the purchaser to be paid by him to me a year hence,' the phrase delegatio a mancipe being like solvere ab Egnatio Att. vii. 18. 4 (316) : cp. Planc. 103 and Hor. Sat. ii. 3. 69 Scribe decem a Nerio (to be paid by Nerius). Perhaps, too, in the uncertain iacere. Insula Arpinas habere potest germanam arоliwow, sed vereor ne minorem τιμὴν habere videatur ἐκτοπισμός. Est igitur animus in hortis: quos tamen inspiciam, cum venero. 2. De Epicuro, ut voles, etsi μɛapμósoμa in posterum genus hoc personarum. Incredibile est quam ea quidam requirant. Ad antiquos igitur: àveuéontov yáp. Nihil habeo ad te quod scribam, sed tamen institui cotidie mittere ut eliciam tuas litteras, non quo aliquid ex his exspectem, sed nescio quo modo tamen exspecto. Qua re sive habes quid sive nil habes, scribe tamen aliquid teque cura. passage of Cato 149. 2 donicum pecumam <solverit aut> satisfecerit aut delegarit, the word pecuniam should be transposed to precede delegarit, and no addition should be made. Generally, however, the acc. of the thing after delegare signifies a sphere of duty: cp. Cael ap. Fam. viii. 1. 1 (192) hunc laborem alteri delegavi. Insula Arpinas] Cicero says, 'It would be a perfect site for the deification, but I fear its out-of-the-way position would seem to diminish the token of respect' paid to the memory of the dead. The Insula Arpinas is generally supposed to be the island formed by the delta of the Fibrenus just before it flows into the Liris. O. E. Schmidt, in his charming and learned treatise on Cicero's Villas," pp. 10 ff. (cp. p. 20), shows that that island was the spot in which Cicero's own villa, his Arpinas,' lay; but that what he calls the Insula Arpinas here was an island formed about a mile and a half higher up the Fibrenus, and now called Carnello. sed vereor ne minorem Tiμny] These words are omitted by the A family of See Adn. Crit. MSS. in hortis] The trans-Tiberine villa of which he writes in Ep. 552. 1. tamen] can only mean here be that as it may,' i.e. whether I buy them or not, I shall examine them. Perhaps we should read tum. 2. μεθαρμόσομαι] ‘I shall remodel. Atticus had asked Cicero to give the statement of the Epicurean view in the 'De Finibus' to some friend of his, who had asked him to make interest with Cicero to procure him this honour. Cicero grants his request, but adds, 'In future I shall remodel my practice with regard to the persons in my dialogues. You would be surprised how some people covet a place among the interlocutors. I will have recourse only to the ancients. This causes no heart-burnings': cp. in another connexion, Juv. i. 170— Experiar quid concedatur in illos, Quorum Flaminia tegitur cinis atque Latina. ut eliciam] to write with a view of drawing replies from you; ut eliciam follows mittere closely; if it went with constitui, it should of course in strict sequence be elicerem: but institui elicere practically is the same as missurus sum. 557. CICERO TO ATTICUS (ATT. XII. 21). ASTURA; MARCH 17; A. U. C. 709; B. C. 45; AET. CIC. 61. De epistula Bruti ad Atticum missa, de hortis emendis, de Terentia, de Oviae C. Lolliiuxoris negotio, de se in forum non rursus vocando. CICERO ATTICO SAL. 1. Legi Bruti epistulam eamque tibi remisi, sane non prudenter rescriptam ad ea quae requisieras. Sed ipse viderit, quamquam illud turpiter ignorat: Catonem primum sententiam putat de animadversione dixisse, quam omnes ante dixerant praeter Caesarem; et cum ipsius Caesaris tam severa fuerit, qui tum praetorio loco dixerit, consularium putat leniores fuisse, Catuli, Servili, Lucullorum, Curionis, Torquati, Lepidi, Gelli, Volcati, Figuli, Cottae, L. Caesaris, C. Pisonis, M'. Glabrionis, etiam Silani, Murenae, designatorum consulum. Cur ergo in sententiam Catonis ?' 1. Bruti ep.] Brutus had written a Cato in which Cicero thinks that his own services as regards the Catilinarian conspiracy were underrated, and those of Cato exaggerated. Atticus had written to Brutus, pointing out some defects (mistakes) in the work, and Cicero condemns the ill-considered nature and general tone of Brutus' reply. prudenter] a very ill-considered reply,' Watson, who compares quam cuiquam minus prudenti non satis gratus videri, Phil. ii. 5, where minus prudenti is translated by Mr. King, 'who does not look at the matter in the right light.' The tempting change to pudenter is therefore unnecessary. quae requisieras] the mistakes you pointed out in the work': cp. Att. vi. 1, 8 (252), e quibus unum iσtopikòv requiris, in which you point out one mistake in history,' literally, you miss historical accuracy in one point.' animadversione] 'the punishment' of Lentulus and his associates. his letter; the verbs must therefore be in the subjunctive. praetorio] Caesar was praetor designatus at the end of 63. The order in which Senators were usually asked their opinion was-consuls elect (this would only apply for the later months of the year), the princeps senatus, the consulares, the praetorii, the aedilicii, the tribunicii and the quaestoricii-in all these classes the magistrates elect (when members of the Senate) speaking before the ex-magistrates of the same class: cp. Greenidge, Roman Public Life, p. 269 f. etiam] After enumerating the consulars Cicero introduces, by etiam, the names of the consuls elect. The мss place etiam wrongly before M'. Glabrionis. The correction was made by Boot. Very nearly the same list of distinguished consulars who approved of Cicero's action during his consulship is found in Phil. ii. 12. Cur ergo... Catonis'] sc. itum est. This is supposed to be an objection raised by Brutus in defence of his statement. If all these had already given their opinion to that effect, why was it on the proposal of Cato, a tribune elect, that the house divided?' The answer of Cicero is, because it embodied the same proposal in more striking and detailed language. |