And fiercely champs the foaming bits. At last

Forth comes she,—thronging her a mighty train,

200

Invested in a Sidon hunting-cloak
With purfled edge. Her quiver is of gold;
Her locks in knot are gathered into gold;
A golden brooch her robe of crimson binds
Beneath. Moreo'er her Phrygian retinue
And gay Iulus pace along. Himself,
Eneas, passing fair beyond the rest,
Moves on their comrade, and the trains
unites :

Like as, when Lycia in her wintry plight,
And Xanthus' rivulets, Apollo quits,
And Delos of his mother goes to view, 210
The dances, too, renews; and, mingled
round

The altars, Cretes alike, and Dryopes,

And painted Agathyrsi, shout amain ; [The god] himself on brows of Cynthus walks,

And with the velvet leaf his streaming hair He presses, as he shapes it, and with gold He braids; his weapons on his shoulders clang.

No tardier than he Æneas paced :

Such striking beauty from his peerless mien Beams forth. As soon as at the lofty mounts

220

And pathless lairs they are arrived, behold!

Wild she-goats, from a height of rock dislodged,

Down scampered from the brows; on th' other side

The stags the open champaigns scour [full] speed,

And dusted squadrons huddle in their flight, And leave the mountains. But the boy Ascanius

Amid the vallies in his mettled horse Rejoices; and now these in race, now those, Outstrips, and prays be granted to his vows A foaming boar among the listless flocks, Or tawny lion to descend the mount. 231 Meanwhile with uproar vast the heav'n begins

To be turmoiled. Ensues with mingled hail
A rain-storm; and the retinue of Tyre
In every quarter, and the youth of Troy,
And Venus' Dardan grandson, through the
fields

Sought diff'rent shelters in their fear. Down

swoop

The torrents from the mounts. The selfsame grot

Do Dido and the Trojan leader reach.
And Tellus first, and Juno, patroness 240
Of wedlock, give the signal: levens flashed,
And witness to the union was the sky,
And on the highest summit shrieked the
Nymphs.

That day first proved the source of death,
And first, of her misfortunes. Nor is she
By outward form [s] or reputation swayed,

Crosse Knight and Una in Spenser's Faerie Queene,
b. i. c. i. 6, 7 :
"Thus as they past,

The day with cloudes was suddeine overcast,
And angry love an hideous storme of raine
Did poure into his lemans lap so fast,

That everie wight to shrowd it did constrain ; And this faire couple eke to shroud themselves were fain.

"Enforst to seeke some covert nigh at hand,
A shadie grove not farr away they spide,
That promist ayde the tempest to withstand;
Whose loftie trees, yclad with sommers pride,
Did spred so broad, that heavens light did hide,
Not perceable with power of any starr :

And all within were pathes and alleies wide, With footing worne, and leading inward farr: Faire harbour that them seems; so in they entred ar."

240. So Milton, Paradise Lost, b. ix. :

66 Earth trembled from her entrails, as again In pangs; and Nature gave a second groan; Sky lour'd; and, muttering thunder, some sad drops

Wept at completing of the mortal sin."

How different the image of nuptial love before the fall!

"To the nuptial bower

I led her blushing like the morn: all Heaven,
And happy constellations, on that hour
Shed their selectest influence; the Earth
Gave sign of gratulation, and each hill;
Joyous the birds; fresh gales and gentle airs
Whispered it to the woods, and from their wings
Flung rose, flung odours from the spicy shrub."
Milton, P. L., b. 8.

242. "Well, heaven forgive him, and forgive us all! Some rise by sin, and some by virtue fall." Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, ii. 1. 245. "Thick darkness dwells upon this hour; integrity,

Like one of heaven's bright luminaries, now
By error's dullest element interposed,
Suffers a black eclipse."

Middleton, A Game at Chess, iv. 4.
"To err but once

Is to be undone for ever."

Anything for a Quiet Life, i. 1.

Nor Dido now clandestine love designs :
A marriage does she call it; with this name
Before her frailty she a curtain weaves.
Straight Rumor runs thro' Libya's mighty
towns ;-
250
Rumor, than whom there is none other ill
More fleet. By volubility she thrives,
And vigor musters to her in her march.
A pigmy through alarm at first, anon
She rears her [form] to air, and o'er the
ground

She stalks, and hides her head among the clouds.

Her, Earth her dam, embittered at the wrath

249. Or, in the soft parlance of modern laxity: "Before her indiscretion weaves a veil." "Who wooed in haste, and means to wed at leisure." Shakespeare, Taming of the Shrew, iii. 2. So Dryden, Hind and Panther, 353, 4: "Then by a left-hand marriage weds the dame, Covering adultery with a specious name." "With what cunning

This woman argues for her own damnation !" Beaumont and Fletcher, The Knight of Malta, iii. 4.

"How, in a moment,

All that was gracious, great, and glorious in her, And won upon all hearts, like seeming shadows Wanting true substance, vanished!"

Massinger, The Picture, iv. 3. 250. Contention is thus described by Thomson; Liberty, iv. 33:

"Contention led the van: first small of size,
But soon dilating to the skies she towers!
Then, wide as air, the livid Fury spread,
And, high her head above the stormy clouds,
She blazed in omens, swell'd the groaning winds
With wild surmises, battlings, sounds of war:
From land to land the maddening trumpet blew,
And poured her venom through the heart of man.'
253. So Parnell says of the ills in Pandora's box:
From point to point, from pole to pole they flew,
Spread as they went, and in the progress grew.'

Hesiod.

And Dryden, of the origin of the Fire of London: "Then in some close-pent room it crept along,

And mouldering as it went, in silence fed; Till th' infant monster, with devouring strong, Walk'd boldly upright with exalted head." Annus Mirabilis, 218. "The flying rumours gather'd as they rolled, Scarce any tale was sooner heard than told; And all who told it added something new, And all who heard it made enlargements too! In every ear it spread, on every tongue it grew." And again:

"But straight the direful trump of slander sounds; Through the big dome the doubling thunder bounds;

Loud as the burst of cannon rends the skies,
The dire report thro' every region flies.
In every ear incessant rumours rung,
And gathering scandals grew on every tongue."
Pope, Temple of Fame.

Of gods, the youngest sister, as they tell,
To Coeus and Enceladus, brought forth,
Swift on her feet and on her nimble wings:-
A monster dread, a giantess, in whom 261
As many be the feathers on her frame,
So many wakeful eyes [there lie] beneath,-
A marvel to be told,-so many tongues,
Mouths just so many babble, up she pricks
So many ears. By night she flies 'twixt
heaven

And earth a-midway, whizzing through the gloom,

Nor down to balmy slumber drops her eyne.
By day she sits a spy, or on the ridge
Of [some] roof-top, or on the lofty towers,
And mighty cities with alarm she fills; 271
As firm a grasper of the false and wrong,
As herald of the true. She then with maze
Of prate the people filled brimful, in glee,
And facts and fictions in an equal sort
She chanted: "That Eneas had arrived,
From blood of Troja sprung, to whom, as

He, sprung from Hammon, by a ravished Nymph

Of Garama, a hundred vasty fanes
To Jupiter throughout his spacious realms,
A hundred altars, reared; and wakeful
fire

Had sanctified, the gods' undying watch; And with the blood of flocks their floor is rich, 291 And blooming [stand] the gates with damasked wreaths.

And he, soul-crazed, and with the bitter tale

Afire, is said, at th' altars' front, amid The gods' immediate pow'rs, in many a prayer

Jove humbly to have sued with hands upturned:

"Almighty Jove, to whom the Moorish

race,

Now banqueting on broidered couches, pours

Lenæan sacrifice, dost these behold?

Or thee, my father, when thou launchest forth

300

Thy levens, do we idly hold in awe?
And is it random flashes in the clouds
Appal our minds, and empty thunders
blend ?

The woman, who, a rover in our bourns,
A paltry city for a fee hath built,

To whom a sea-board to be ploughed, to whom, too, we

The jurisdiction of the spot have deigned, Hath our espousals spurned, and as her lord

Æneas hath she welcomed to her realm. And now that Paris, with his half-man train,

310

With Lydian turban underneath his chin, And dripping tresses tied, the spoil enjoys:

286. "Old Cham, Whom Gentiles Ammon call, and Libyan Jove." Milton, Paradise Lost, b. iv. 301. "Terrify babes, my lord, with painted devils: I am past such needless palsy."

Webster, Vittoria Corombona, iii. 2.

"Look to 't, for our anger

Is making thunder-bolts.

We off'rings to thy fanes forsooth present, And cherish an unprofitable tale."

[The suitor,] while in accents such he

prays,

And holds the altars, the almighty heard,
And towards the royal city turned his eyes,
And to the lovers, of their better name
Forgetful; then thus Mercury accosts,
And such injunctions gives : "Post quick,
my son !

320 The Zephyrs call, and sail upon thy wings, And the Dardanian prince, who loiters now In Tyrian Carthage, and the cities, deigned By Fates, regardeth not, do thou address, And through the nimble gales bear down my words:

'His fairest mother vouched him not to us The like, and from the arms of Greeks for this

Twice claims him; but that he might prove the man,

To govern Italy, with princedoms big,
And storming in the battle; his descent 330
From Teucer's lofty lineage to evince,
And the whole world to force beneath his
rule.

If him no glory of such noble deeds
Enkindles, nor for sake of his own fame
Himself in toil engages, does the sire
T' Ascanius grudge the towered-heights
of Rome?

What [end] does he design? Or with what hope

Is he delaying 'mong a hostile clan,
Nor casts a thought upon his Auson race,
And fields Lavinian? Let him sail!' This is
The point; let this the message be from us."
He said. Prepared the other to obey
His sovereign father's mandate; and he first
Upon his feet ties ancle-gear of gold, 344
Which high upon its pinions, whether o'er
The waters, or the lands, at even pace
"But that it were profane
313.
To argue heaven of ignorance or injustice,
I now should tax it."

The Emperor of the East, v. I. 328. Or: "frees," "saves."

333.

Thunder! in faith,

346.

"Othello's occupation's gone."

Shakespeare, Othello, iii. 3. "Now I go, now I fly,

Malkin my sweet spirit and I.
O what a dainty pleasure 'tis
To ride in the air

When the moon shines fair,
And sing and dance, and toy and kiss!
Over woods, high rocks, and mountains,
Over seas, our mistress' fountains,
Over steeples, towers, and turrets

We fly by night, 'mongst troops of spirits."
Middleton, The Witch, iii. end,
"But here's a little flaming cherubim,
The Mercury of heaven, with silver wings,

wand

He takes. Herewith he summons forth from Hell

The ghastly spirits, others sends adown Beneath the rueful realms of Tartarus; 350 Grant slumbers and withdraws them, and the eyes

At death unseals. Relying upon this, He hunts the storms, and swims through troublous clouds.

And now, on wing, the peak and steepy sides

Of painful Atlas he descries, he, who
The firmament upon his summit props ;-
Atlas, whose piny head is ever ringed
With sullen clouds, and beat by wind and
rain.

Snow, showered down, his shoulders kerchiefs; then

Floods headlong hurtle from the old man's chin, 360 And stiffened stands in ice his bristly beard. Here first, while leaning on his balanced wings,

Cyllenius halted; hence with his whole frame

He flung himself head-foremost to the

waves,

Like to a bird, which round the shores, around

The fishy rocks flies low the surface nigh. Not elsewise flew between the earth and heaven,

And Libya's sandy shore and breezes passed,

Impt for the flight to overtake his ghost,
And bring him back again."

Southern, Isabella, end. 358. Like Milton's description of the region beyond Lethe:

"Beyond this flood a frozen continent

Lies dark and wild, beat with perpetual storms Of whirlwind and dire hail, which on firm land Thaws not, but gathers heap, and ruin seems Of ancient pile.' P. L., b. ii. 360. Spenser gives Winter a beard not unlike to that of Atlas:

"Lastly came Winter cloathed all in frize,

Chattering his teeth for cold that did him chill;
Whilst on his hoary beard his breath did freese;
And the dull drops that from his purpled bill
As from a limbeck did adown distill.'

F. Q., vii. 7, 31.
"For scarce her chariot cut the easie earth,
And journeyed on, when Winter with cold breath
Crosseth her way, her borrowed haire did shine
With glittering isickles all christaline;
Her browes were perewigged with softer snow,
Her russet mantle fringed with ice below."

Marston, Entertainement, l. 25. 363. "A station like the herald Mercury New-lighted on a heaven-kissing hill.' Shakespeare, Hamlet, iii. 4.

370

He touched the kraals, Æneas founding towers,

And dwellings newly raising, he espies.
Ay e'en had he, with yellow jasper starred,
A sword, and with the Tyrian purple
blazed

A mantle, from his shoulders wimpled down;
Which presents had the wealthy Dido made,
And parted out the warp with filmy gold.
He instantly assails him: "Dost thou now
Foundations of the stately Carthage lay?
And, wife-besotted, art thou rearing up 380
Her beauteous city? Ah! of sovereignty
And thine estate forgetful! He himself,
The ruler of the gods, sends me to thee
From bright Olympus down, who by his nod
Wheels round the heav'n and earth; him-
self commands

To bring these orders thro' the nimble gales: What [end] dost thou design? Or with

what hope

Dost while away thine hours in Libyan lands?

If thee no glory of such noble deeds Affecteth, nor for sake of thine own fame Thou dost thyself engage in toil, regard 391 Ascanius rising, and the prospects of thine heir

Iulus, [he,] to whom Italia's realm
And Roman land are due.'" In such a
strain

Cyllenius having spoken, mortal ken
Amid his speech he quitted, and afar
He faded into subtile air from view.

But sooth Æneas, wildered at the sight, Was dumb-struck, and his hair was raised on end

With terror, and his voice within his jaws

Now venture to approach the raging queen?
What introductions first should he adopt?
And now to this side, now to that, he
shifts

His active spirit, and to sundry points
He hurries it, and whirls it round thro' all.
While wav'ring, this to him the worthier
view

410 Appeared he Mnestheus and Sergestus calls,

And brave Cloanthus :-"That the fleet by stealth

They should equip, and muster at the shore The crews, their arms get ready, and what ground

For this his sweeping change of plan there be,

They should disguise; that he himself meanwhile,

(Since Dido, best [of beings,] nothing knew, And she would not expect that loves so

warm

Could be dissolved,) approaches would essay,

And what the softest seasons of address, 420 What course was fitting to the case." With speed

His mandate do they all in glee obey,

And put in force his orders. But the queen His stratagems—a lover who can dupe ?— Divined, and was the foremost to perceive His coming movements, fearing all [though] safe.

The same ungodly Rumor, as she fumes Announced to her that furnished was the fleet,

And that a voyage was prepared. She storms,

Of reason void, and, fired, in revel-rage 430 Through all the city runs: as [fury-] roused At holy [emblems] moved, a raver-maid, What time triennial orgies goad her on, When heard is Bacchus, and Citharon calls By night with shouting. She at last

Nor Dido, doomed by felon death to die? Nay, e'en 'neath winter's star dost thou equip

Thy fleet, and haste amid the northern blasts

To voyage through the deep, O heartless? What?

Were it thou did'st not seek strange lands, and homes

Unknown, and ancient Troy remained, would Troy

Thro' billowy ocean in thy ships be sought? Me fliest thou? I [pray] thee by these tears, And thy right hand, (since to my wretched self

Naught else I now have left,) by our embrace,

450

By bridal [joys] begun, if well at all
Of thee I have deserved, or aught of mine
Hath proved of charm to thee, compassionate
A falling house, and [thee] I pray, if still
Be any room for prayers, divest thyself
Of such a thought as that. On thy account
Loathe me the Libyan clans and Nomads'
kings;

The Tyrians are incensed; on thy account,
The selfsame, is my honor blotted out,
And former character, whereby alone 460

437. "Thy shallow artifice by its suspicion,

And, like a cobweb veil, but thinly shades The face of thy design."

"Thou, like the adder, venomous and deaf, Hast stung the traveller, and after hear'st Not his pursuing voice; even when thou think'st To hide, the rustling leaves and bended grass Confess, and point the path which thou hast crept. Congreve, The Mourning Bride, v. 1. 'Spite of my rage and pride, I am a woman and a lover still." Ibid., iv. 1. 460. "I see my leprosy unveiled; that sin, Which, with my loss of honour, first engaged My misery, is with a sunbeam writ Upon my guilty forehead."

455.

66

Shirley, The Imposture, v. 3.
"She was once an innocent,
As free from spot as the blue face of heaven,
Without a cloud in 't: she is now as sullied
As is that canopy, when mists and vapours
Divide it from our sight, and threaten pestilence."
Ford, The Fancies, v. 1.
"What delight has man

Now at this present for his pleasant sin
Of yesterday's committing? 'las, 'tis vanished,
And nothing but the sting remains within him!"
Middleton, The Widow, iii. 2.