Dissepiments comparatively strong, about .25 mm. in diameter, expanding at their junction with the branches, nine or ten in the space of five millimetres; on non-poriferous side rounded, nearly on a plane with the branches, granulose; on poriferous side depressed slightly below the ranges of apertures.

Fenestrules on non-poriferous side broadly oval, appearing narrower on poriferous side; length about .5 mm.; width from one-half to twothirds the length.

Cells in two ranges, opening at an angle of forty-five degrees from the axis of the branch; apertures small, circular, about 14 mm. in diameter; distance apart less than the diameter of an aperture, twentyeight to thirty in the space of five millimetres; apertures distinctly clevated and indenting the border of the fenestrules; space between the ranges of apertures carinated; carina sharp, slightly elevated, and having prominent nodes or short spines, four in the space of one millimetre.

To the poriferous side of F. fistulata this species has no resemblance; it slightly resembles the non-poriferous side, from which, however, it is readily distinguished by the absence of the keel along the middle of the branch and on the dissepiments, and by the presence of striations, nodes and granules.

Formation and locality. Hamilton group; Alden, Erie Co., N. Y.

FENESTELLA MARCIDA, n. sp.

Bryozoan, consisting of large infundibuliform fronds, frequently undulating or partially folding upon itself along the line of the branches. Branches slender, very gradually enlarging to the bifurcations, which are distant from each other from seven to twenty-four millimetres; width below bifurcation .33 mm.; width just above bifurcation .25 mm.; distance from each other equal to or a little more than the width of the branches, sometimes appearing less on poriferous side than on non-poriferous; on non-poriferous side branches rounded, except just below bifurcation, where they are flattened, striated; striæ fine but distinct, finely granulose, from three to five on a branch.

Dissepiments about .20 mm. wide, eight in the space of five millimetres; on some fronds the width is .25 mm., nearly equal in width to some parts of the branches, expanding slightly at their junction with the branches; on non-poriferous side depressed, striated; striæ granulose; on poriferous side slightly depressed, rounding, carinated; carina very thin, slightly elevated.

Fenestrules broadly oval, occasionally subquadrangular; length nearly .5 mm.; width two-thirds the length; on poriferous side the fenestrules appear narrower, the width often not more than one-third the length and sometimes appearing only as a narrow slit.

Cells in two ranges, apertures small, circular; diameter about oneseventh of one millimetre; distant from each other less than the diameter of an aperture, seven to eight in the space of five millimetres; margins distinctly elevated and indenting the border of the fenestrule; space between ranges of apertures carinated; carina spinulose; nodes

or spines prominent, about .16 mm. in height, three in the space of one millimetre.

This is a very abundant species; it is very similar to F. angustata, but is of less compact growth; the non-poriferous side is very finely granulose, while that species has a line of comparatively strong nodes along the middle of the branch.

Formation and localities. Hamilton group; Darien and Moscow, N. Y.

FENESTELLA PLANIRAMOSA, n. sp.

Bryozoan fan-shaped, no perfect frond observed; largest fragment seen five centimetres long and four wide.

Branches slender, bifurcations at very irregular distances from each other, varying from four to twenty-five millimetres; the branches just below bifurcation are of the same width, so that where the bifurcations are close together the branches increase rapidly in width, where they are distant they increase very gradually; branches just above bifurcation .33 mm. in width; just below, .66 mm. in width. The space between the branches is greater than their width; from four to seven branches in the space of five millimetres; on non-poriferous side, just above the bifurcation, the branch is rounded, sometimes slightly angular, soon becoming flattened, and for the greater part of the length flat or slightly concave; striated; striæ very fine but distinct, from four to nine on a branch.

Dissepiments extremely slender, about .20 mm. in width; distance from each other variable, from two to four millimetres, generally a little over three millimetres, not expanding at their junction with the branches, frequently curving; on non-poriferous side often arching, striated, rounding.

Fenestrules quadrangular; length variable but usually slightly less than three millimetres; width varying from .50 to .66 mm.

Cell apertures in two and three ranges, two for the greater part of the length of the branch; apertures small, oval or circular, opening obliquely; about .20 mm. in length; distance apart varying from about two-thirds to a little more than the diameter of an aperture, from twelve to eighteen in the space of five millimetres; margin of the lower portion of aperture elevated more than that of the upper portion; space between the ranges of pores occupied by a carina; carina sharp, elevated one-fifth of one millimetre, and having prominent nodes or spines which are elevated above the carina equal to the height of the carina; three in the space of two millimetres.

Formation and locality. Hamilton group; Bellona, Yates Co., N. Y.

FENESTELLA CINCTUTA, n. sp.

Bryozoan occurring only in fragments; the form of a perfect frond is not known; one fragment, the largest seen, is somewhat curved as if forming part of a frond infundibuliform in shape, but one of the edges of the fragment is entire, rounded, and non-celluliferous, which

shows that the frond could not have been continuous; the largest fragment observed is three and one-half centimetres long and two and onehalf wide.

Branches comparatively strong, increasing in size but slightly, if any, below bifurcations; width of branch .66 mm.; branches flexuous, regularly bent from side to side, forming on each side of the branch convexities and concavities, which alternate with each other, the convexities of contiguous branches uniting and coalescing; on non-poriferous side the branches are slightly angular, with a carina running along the middle; the carina of two contiguous branches, at the anastomosed part, sometimes unite and form on that portion one carina, at other times there is a space of .25 mm. or more, which is deeply channeled.

Dissepiments or anastomosed portions of the branch vary in width from .66 mm. to 1.33 mm.; the narrower ones are in reality not anastomosing, but very short celluliferous dissepiments; there are three in the space of five millimetres.

Fenestrules oval, one millimetre in length, .66 mm. in width.

Cells in three ranges; on the dissepiments sometimes one or two ranges more; apertures minute, circular, a little more than .20 mm. in diameter, closely arranged, frequently nearly contiguous, eighteen in the space of five millimetres; the central range opens directly upward, the outer range nearly directly upward, very slightly laterally; margins comparatively strong, very distinctly elevated.

Formation and locality. Hamilton group; Ontario, Canada.

FENESTELLA PERUNDULATA, n. sp.,

Bryozoan probably infundibuliform in shape.

Branches moderately strong, .5 mm. in width; space between the branches more than the width of the branches, seven branches in the space of five millimetres; on non-poriferous side angular, carinated carina and upper part of the branch regularly flexuous; at the dissepiments the carina and angular portion of the branches frequently meet and coalesce, giving the appearance of anastomosing branches.

Dissepiments strong, from .50 to .66 mm. in width, expanding at their junction with the branches, about three in the space of five millimetres; on non-poriferous side, angular and on a plane with the branches; on poriferous side depressed, rounding.

Fenestrules small, oval, .75 mm. in length, .5 mm. in width.

Cells in two ranges; apertures small, circular, opening nearly directly upward, about.16 mm. in diameter, distance apart less than the diameter of an aperture, about twenty in the space of five millimetres; margins distinctly elevated; space between ranges of apertures carinated; carina strong, with an elevation equal to the thickness of a branch, and slightly expanded and flattened at the top; width of expanded portion .25 mm.; finely striated.

On the poriferous face the branches, carinations and ranges of apertures are straight, presenting a somewhat rigid appearance, while on the non-poriferous face the whole upper portion of the branch is regu

larly flexuous. Sometimes, on the dissepiments, the carinations meet, coalesce, and form a carination across the dissepiments; at others there is a space between of .25 mm.; sometimes this space is smooth and deeply channeled across the dissepiment, at others the dissepiment has a carina connecting the carinæ of the adjacent branches; the two faces present such a different appearance, that were it not for the fact that both sides of the same specimens are seen they would be very easily mistaken for different species.

Formation and locality. Hamilton group; Moscow, Livingston county, N. Y.

FENESTELLA ASSITA, N. sp.

Bryozoan probably infundibuliform, though occurring only in fragments in the present collections; largest fragment observed two and one-half centimetres long, two centimetres wide.

Branches moderately strong, gradually enlarging in size to the bifurcations, which are distant from each other from three to fourteen millimetres; width of branches on non-poriferous side .33 mm., on poriferous side about .50 mm.; space between branches less than the width of the branches, ten branches in the space of five millimetres; on non-poriferous side branches rounding, carinated; carina thin, elevated about .20 mm., and obscurely nodose.

Dissepiments strong, .33 mm. in width, eight in the space of five millimetres, expanding at their junction with the branches; on nonporiferous side, on a plane with the branches, carinated; on poriferous side depressed, carinated.

Fenestrules oval, about .33 mm. in length; width on non-poriferous side about two-thirds the length; on poriferous side they are very obscure, either not perceptible or appearing as very narrow slits.

Cell apertures in two and three ranges; the greater part of the length of the branch has only two ranges; in a branch which is eleven millimetres long before bifurcating, eight millimetres of that length has two ranges of cells, and three millimetres three ranges; apertures small, circular, opening directly upward, about .16 mm. in diameter; distance between apertures less than the diameter of an aperture, twenty apertures in the space of five millimetres; margins distinctly elevated; space between ranges of apertures carinated; carina strong, not much elevated, and having minute spines situated at quite regular distances from each other, about twenty in the space of five millimetres; the ranges of apertures on adjacent branches are nearly contiguous.

Formation and locality.

Hamilton group; New York.

FENESTELLA INFLEXA, n. sp.

Bryozoan infundibuliform; fronds large, largest fragments seen seven millimetres across.

Branches flexuous, forming on each side of a branch regular and alternate convexities and concavities; the convexities of the opposite

side of adjacent branches frequently contiguous; coalescing; bifurcations distant from each other from two to ten centimetres or even more; width of branch .5 mm., eight in the space of five millimetres; on nonporiferous side the branches are angular and carinated; where two branches or the carinations of two branches unite there is very frequently a small spine or node.

Dissepiments or points of anastomosing about .66 mm. wide, four in the space of five millimetres; sometimes the branches simply anastomose; at other times there is a short dissepiment.

Fenestrules small, oval, .66 mm. in length; width about one-half the length. On the poriferous side the branches are angular.

Cells in two ranges, opening nearly directly upward, apertures minute, circular, about .20 mm. in diameter, closely arranged; distance between apertures less than the diameter of an aperture; sometimes nearly contiguous, eighteen in the space of five millimetres; margins distinctly elevated; space between ranges of apertures angular, carinated; carina sharp, sinuous, elevated about .20 mm.

The non-poriferous face presents a variety of phases; sometimes the carine of adjacent branches unite and immediately separate, leaving the point of union merely a point which generally has a node or spine, and presents the appearance of a diamond-shaped elevation inclosing the fenestrule, sometimes they remain united for the space of half a millimetre or more, at other times they do not meet and the space between is sometimes channeled, and at others there is a transverse carination, connecting the two longitudinal carinations. This latter form occurs where the branches are united by dissepiments instead of anastomosing, and presents the appearance of an hexagonal elevation inclosing the fenestrule.

This species is very similar to F. perundulata on the non-poriferous face and without very critical comparison it would be difficult to distinguish them; but on the poriferous face the difference is more evident. In this species the carina separating the row of apertures is thin, sharp, highly elevated and very sinuous. In F. perundulata. it is strong, elevated equal to the thickness of the branch expanded at the top, and straight.

Formation and locality. Hamilton group; West Bloomfield, New York.

FEN ESTELLA PERFORATA, n. sp.

Bryozoan consisting of large infundibuliform fronds; fragments are of six centimetres in length and five in breadth, evidently only a small portion of the frond; thickness of frond one and one-half millimetres; frond consisting of numerous cylindrical branches which frequently and irregularly bifurcate, and are connected by dissepiments; along the middle of the branches and dissepiments on the celluliferous face there is a keel or carina, which is elevated and expands above, forming secondary branches and dissepiments very similar in appearance to the principal ones.

Branches moderately strong, about .5 mm. in width, eight branches in the space of five millimetres; branches regularly sinuous, forming [Sen. Doc. No. 53.]

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