hard sand with exception of about 150 feet where it is muddy sand from 2 to 8 feet deep. By carrying the wall out over a sand spit north of the coal wharf 23 acres additional could be reclaimed, at an additional cost of $25,000, chiefly for embankment; it would have no special advantage over the straight wall, except the land gained. The most economical protection for the shore at this point would be secured by building a breakwater extending about 600 feet from shore at a point 1,200 feet northeast from the coal wharf, which would cost $18,000. It would form a still-water basin where four sewers now empty and would necessitate extending or removing the sewers. A wall is desired on the north end of the island between two rocky points about 500 feet apart; this ought to be considered in any general plan for protecting the island, but the caving at that point is not rapid now. The cost of a wall 500 feet long, with embankment which would reclaim about three-fourths of an acre of land, is estimated at $14,000. There is a small bay on the northeast end of the island where some protection will be needed, but the urgency is not immediate. A wall 300 feet long at that point, with embankment behind it, would cost $11,000. As soon as practicable a detailed report upon the survey will be forwarded with his map, and with a consideration of such protection as is now or is likely to be needed. SUMMARY. The only protection which requires consideration at once is for that part of the shore extending about 1,100 feet northeast from the coal wharf. This can, in my opinion, best be secured by building a riprap wall with capping course 2 feet thick and 3 or 4 feet wide, the top to be 12 feet above mean low water, and filling in behind the wall, at an esti mated cost of $30,000. 2 B. SEA WALLS ON GOVERNORS ISLAND, NEW YORK HARBOR. The shores of this island were frequently covered with offal and garbarge, which, drifting up at high water and decaying in the sun as the tide fell, were (in summer) a source of constant danger to the health of the garrison. In 1865 a project was adopted providing for inclosing the entire island by a masonry wall, to be built at or near low-water line, in order to prevent the lodging of such refuse matter. Under an allotment made in 1865, 700 linear feet of masonry wall was built on the southwest side of the island in 1866, and under other smaller allotments 399 linear feet, as reported, was built. This would make a total of 1,099 feet, which, however, exceeds the present length, by actual measurements, by about 350 feet. This was subsequently extended as a temporary dry wall nearly along high-water line to Castle Williams, covering the entire southwest side of the island. By act approved August 7, 1882, $39,000 was appropriated "for completing a sea wall already commenced on the southwest side of Governors Island, New York Harbor, and constructing a sea wall on its southeastern portion." Under this appropriation and one of $15,000, made in the sundry civil bill approved March 3, 1883, the wall was extended 206 feet along the south side of the island and 1,5023 feet along the east side to the coal wharves. In 1884 an allotment of $500 was made for completing the filling and grading behind the east wall, left unfinished on account of the exhaustion of funds. From the coal wharf to the permanent stone wharf, a distance of about 325 feet, the island is inclosed by wharf fronts and timber bulkheads. On account of the protection afforded by these structures this portion of the island has not heretofore been included in the project for inclosing the entire island by a masonry wall. These wooden structures are decayed and rapidly deteriorating, and should be replaced by a permanent stone wall. From the permanent stone wharf to within 1,099 feet of Castle Williams wall the island is inclosed by the ordnance wall. Under the appropriation of September 22, 1888, $50,000 was appropriated for the construction of a wall about 1,100 feet long on the north side of the island, between the ordnance wall and the Castle Williams wall. This wall, 1,099 feet long, was completed April 4, 1890. Filling the space back of this wall with earth embankment was in progress at the beginning of the present fiscal year under a contract with Michael Donnelly, of Brooklyn, 21,497 cubic yards of earth and miscellaneous filling having been delivered in the work to June 30, 1890. Thus on July 1, 1890, the entire island was inclosed by a masonry wall with the exception of about 1,500 feet on the west side of the island, which was a part of the original project, and about 325 feet on the east side of the island at the coal wharf, which has not heretofore been included in the project for inclosing the island with a sea wall. OPERATIONS DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1891. Under the contract with Michael Donnelly, dated May 31, 1889, which was in force at the beginning of the year, 1,153 cubic yards of filling was delivered in the work, during July and August. The contractor then abandoned the work, and his contract was annulled by authority of the Chief of Engineers, dated October 21, 1890. About 2,000 cubic yards of earth was required to complete the filling back of the sea wall on the north side of the island at the time the work was abandoned by the contractor. Provision was made for completing this filling in connection with the construction of the sea wall and embankment on the west side of the island. In the appropriation for preservation and repair of fortifications, approved August 18, 1890, was an item "for completing sea wall on Governors Island, New York harbor, $50,000." After duly advertising, proposals were opened October 31, 1890, and a contract, dated November 26, 1890, was entered into with Breuchand, Pennell & Co., of Yonkers, N. Y., to construct a masonry wall on a concrete foundation, on the west side of the island, to connect the Castle Williams sea wall with the sea wall on the south side of the island, a distance of about 1,515 feet, and for placing about 41,000 cubic yards of embankment back of this wall, and the 2,000 cubic yards of embankment back of the wall on the northwest side of the island required to complete the filling there. The prices for work under the contract with Brenchand, Pennell & Co. were $11 per cubic yard for concrete foundation, $19 per linear foot of masonry wall, and 29 cents per cubic yard for embankment. Preliminary work under this contract, including the con struction of tool houses, quarters for workmen, and a pile dock 320 feet long, was begun as early in the spring as the weather would permit. The construction of the sea wall was commenced May 1, and is now in progress. To June 30, 1891, 144.05 cubic yards of concrete foundation was put in, of which 16.41 cubic yards was at the north end, and 127.64 cubic yards at the south end of the new wall. One hundred and fifty-three and fifty-nine one hundredths linear feet of masonry wall has been built, all of which is at the south end. Work on the embankment has not been begun. Present condition of the sea walls around the entire island: For 1,023 feet west of the permanent stone wharf the island is inclosed by the ordnance wall. This wall needs repointing, the mortar being washed out of most of the joints to a depth of from 2 to 12 inches, endangering the stone work. With this exception the ordnance wall is in good condition. Estimated cost of repointing 1,023 feet of wall is about $1,100. The next 1,099 feet is covered by the sea wall on the north side of the island completed April 4, 1890. This wall and foundation are in good condition. About 2,000 cubic yards of earth embankment is required to complete the filling back of this wall. This work is provided for in connection with the construction of the sea wall on the west side of the island. A balance of $3,740.98 is available for completing this work from the appropriation of $50,000 made September 22, 1888. The next 368 feet of the shore of the island is covered by the Castle Williams wall. This wall bears date of 1812, and was probably built in that year. The wall is in good condition. The next 1,515 feet along the west side of the island is to be inclosed by the wall now being built under the contract with Breuchand, Pennell & Co. From this point along the south, southeasterly, and easterly sides of the island, about 2,300 feet to the coal wharf, the wall is in good condition. The remaining distance around the island, about 325 feet to the permanent stone wharf, is covered by wharves, buildings, and timber bulkheads, which are in a dilapidated condition. As this portion of the island will in the future, as in the past, be used for wharves and landings, the foundations of the wall should extend to a depth which would permit dredging in front of the wall without danger of undermining it. This will materially increase the cost of the wall. The estimated cost of building this 325 feet of wall is $17,000. Money statement. July 1, 1890, balance unexpended.. Amount appropriated by act approved August 18, 1890. $8,757. 10 50,000.00 58, 757. 10 5, 016. 12 June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year.. July 1, 1891, balance unexpended July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities 53, 740.98 July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted contracts..... $2,608.44 47, 446.76 50,055.20 July 1, 1891, balance available 3,685.78 Amount (estimated) required for completion of project, submitted Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30,1893 17,000.00 17,000.00 Abstract of proposals for construction of a sea wall on Governors Island, New York Harbor, openco No. of proposal. Name and address of bidder. Price per cubic yard for foundation (1,000 cu Price per linear foot for Engineers, U. S. Army. bic (43,000 cu (1,510 lin bic yards). yards). ear feet). cramps and dowels. ་་་་་་་ Date when Amount Amount Total amount of work will be of bid for wall. completed. Remarks. filling. Abstract of contracts for sea wall and embankment at Governors Island, New York Harbor, in force during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891. Michael Donnelly, May 31, 1889 Delivering and plac- Filling in place, per ing filling. cubic yard, 223 cents. Concrete foundation Contract annulled |