Civil List History of, 389; pensions on, 394.
Civil Service-Tenure of office in, 259; number of officers of, in
Reformation Parliament, 263; two great classes in, 274; non-
political officers of, why subordinate, 276; number of officers in,
262, 402.
Clarendon, Earl of Forms political committee of Privy Council, 201;
opposes appropriation of supplies, 369; ends special taxation of
clergy, 440.
Clergy-Assembly of, 432; an estate of the realm, 433; ceased to be
an estate, ib.; in Irish Parliament, 434; why unwilling to
amalgamate with Commons, 435; legislation by, 436; direct
taxation of, 440; when special taxation of ceased, 441; origin
of taxation of, 478.
Coalition-Between Mr. Fox and Lord North, 158; questions hereon,
159.
Coke, Lord-Eulogy of, on the Common Law, 36; on King's pro-
clamations, 40; on King's jurisdiction, 71; shows cause against
evocation, 73; refuses to sit on high commission, 77; on King's
seals, 97; on King's commands, 102; on the councils of the
Crown, 282; quarrel of, with Lord Chancellor, 308; on courts, 562.
Colonies-Introduction of responsible government in, 8; effect thereof,
131; peculiarity of such government in, 132; position of gover-
nors of, 133; relation of, to mother country, 594, et seq.
Commander-in-Chief-Political position of, 279.
Common Law, The-One form of national life, I; affection of our
ancestors for, 35; whether alterable by statute, 49; origin of
courts of, 291; ignored controversies outside the realm, 314.
Commons, House of History of share of, in legislation, 54; claim to
discuss affairs of state, 136; general superintending power,
139; foundation for interference of, 148; expresses confidence
in ministers, 152; penal dissolutions of, 157; requires message
from Crown for money vote, 355, 376; privilege of, as to money
bills, 381; integration of, 428; essence of, 490; corporate
character of, 493; meaning of name of, 498; reflects every
diversity of opinion, 507; permanent conditions of, 523;
obsolete conditions of, 523; may compel attendance of
members, 533; publicity of proceedings of, 565.
Commonwealth-Interrupts feudal habits, 341.
Community of the realm-Meaning of, 418, 499.
Conditions-Law of political, 1.
Consolidated fund-How drawn upon, 372; formation of, 383.
Constituencies-Equal representation of, 504; cannot instruct mem-
bers, 508; no double representation of, 509; action of, upon
government, how manifested, 571.
Constitution-Part of the Common Law, I; hence its form and posi-
tion, 2; continuity of, 3; bible of the, 7; evolution of, 32;
contrasted with imperialism, 33; first distinct outline of modern,
226; transition between ancient and modern forms of, 366.
See Victoria.
Contract, The Great—38, 341.
Convocation-When subordinated to Parliament, 439; differs from
ecclesiastical councils, 480.
Copyholders-Why without county franchise, 485.
Coronation-Persistence of oath at, 6.
Council, The Privy-Assigned by law to King for state affairs, 199;
provision of Act of Settlement respecting, 202; distinct from
Cabinet, 204; early structure and functions of, 295; depart-
ments of, 299; jurisdiction of, recognized, 307; jurisdiction of
over foreign possessions, 317; judicial committee of, 319.
Council, The Learned-History of, 319.
Counsel, King's or Queen's-Office of, 320; first instance of, ib.
Counties-Palatine, 513; franchise of, 534.
Courtiers--Profession of, 399.
Courts Publicity of proceedings in, 562.
Crown-Discretion of, how exercised, 116; functions of, as to supply,
380; revenue of, how settled at Revolution, 390; influence of,
394; patronage of, how regulated, 404; interest of, once an
obstacle to reform, 412; abuse of proprietary powers of, 401;
restraint of influence of, 403.
Curia Regis-Various meanings of, 284; regular meetings of, 287;
privilege of suing in, 289.
Danby, Earl of-Impeachment of, 106.
Debates, Parliamentary-History of publication of, 565.
Debt, National-Before and after Revolution, 414.
Declaration-Of Indulgence, 44; of Rights, 47.
Declaratory Acts-When proper, 144.
Defence, Public-Constitutional provision for, 354.
De Lolme-On English isonomy, 90.
Democracy-Unknown to English law, 17; difference between ancient
and modern, 496.
De Tocqueville-On French evocation, 110; on actions against
French officers, III; on value of Parliamentary forms, 557;
on the influence of the Press, 575.
Dispensing power-Reasons for, 42; Papal precedent for, 43; why
unpopular, ib. ; exercise of, by Charles the Second, 44; decision
of Court as to, 45; authorities in support of, 46; provisions of
Bill of Rights respecting, 47.
Disqualification-First instance of official, 264; history of legislation
concerning, 265; present state of law of, 266; true principle
of, 272.
Disseisin-Assize of novel, 90.
Dissolution of Parliament-Rules as to, 157, 162, et seq.
Downing, Sir George-Introduces appropriation of supplies, 368.
Durham-Cause of late representation of, 514.
Edward the First-Act of, declaring isonomy, 87; his principles of
domestic policy, 358; substitutes taxation for feudal rights, 361;
extends representation from finance to politics, 423; councils of
advice of, 424; maxim of, in favour of representation, 423;
anti-feudal policy of, tends to widen the franchise, 537.
Edward the Second-Arrangement with Earl of Lancaster, 118;
Declaration of Clergy under, 435; separation of townsmen
from tenants in ancient demesne, 484.
Edward the Third-Organization of judicial system completed under,
294, 307; separate action of Commons and Church Assembly
under, 436; condition of peerage under, 447; development of
House of Commons becomes distinct under, 518.
Edward the Fourth-Sat personally in King's Bench, 70; Markham's
(C.J.) advice to, 74; traces of Great Councils under, 439, 514.
Elections Jurisdiction in controverted, 521; first case of bribery at,
530; made in county court, 536; freedomof, 575.
Elizabeth, Queen-Conduct of in Cavendish's case, 101; disputes of,
with House of Commons, 137.
England-Three divisions of law of, 40; language of, its earliest use
in records, 57; harmony between Legislature and Executive in,
117; revolution of seventeenth century in, 136.
Estates Of the realm, 433; real, when made devisable, 457.
Ethelred-Coronation oath of, 6.
Evidence-Pre-appointed, 22; how obtained against ministers, 108.
Evocation-Attempted in England, 72; resisted by the judges, 73;
rule of, in France, 110.
Exchequer Department of, 299; history of Court of, 300, et seq.;
removal of, to York, 360; closing of, 367; three functions of,
373; separation of, from Treasury, 374.
Excise Origin of hereditary, 342; borrowed from Puritan finance, 414.
Feudal Relation-Nature of, 331; incidents, 332, 342.
Feudalism-Extent of, 326; commencement of English, 327; founda-
tion of our polity, 416.
Finance-First defeat of Government on, 379; functions of state
powers respectively on matters of, 380.
Fitzwalter Peerage-Case of, 453.
Fox, Charles-Libel Act of, 144; on authority of Commons, 148;
coalition ministry of, 158; on prerogative of dissolution, 160;
on influence of the Crown, 403.
France---Evocation in, 110.
Franchise Nature of, 567; theories as to origin of county, 534;
theories as to origin of borough, 539; causes of confusion in
borough, 543; advantages of publicity in exercise of, 568.
Frankalmoigne-Tenure in, 328.
Freedom--Nature of true, 192.
George the First-Consequences of his ignorance of English, 208.
George the Second-Able to dictate to his ministers on foreign policy,
122; withholds his confidence from ministers, 235.
George the Third-Improves tenure of judges, 82; illness of, creates
difficulty in issuing money, 95; obstinacy of, 117; interferes in
patronage, 123; conduct of, in India Bill, 158; his departmental
government, 210; seeks pledge from ministers, 233; quarrels
with Pitt about Catholics, 234; organizes King's friends, 235;
arrangements of, with Civil List, 391; conduct as to Inglewood
estate, 401; looks beyond House of Commons, 494.
George the Fourth-Uses stamp for sign manual, 95; unduly influenced
by courtiers, 123; dislike of, to ministers, 128; seeks individual
opinions from Cabinet, 211; withstands Catholic emancipation,
234.
Gladstone, Mr.--On British Constitution, 190; on office of premier,
223.
Glanville, Sergeant-Admission of, as to dispensing power, 47; Com-
mons committee under, on the franchise, 540.
Glenelg, Lord-Maxim of, on interference with colonies, 127; 0-
posed censure on colonial administration of, 219.
Government-Original organ of English, 32; present mode of on-
ducting, 212; how administered in thirteenth century, 4 7;
conditions of constitutional, 120; influences favourable to, 127;
departmental, 210; classification of, 534; characteristic mark
of free, ib.
Governor-See Colonies.
Grants- Preparation of Crown, 97.
Grenville, Lord-Conduct of, as auditor, 95; remarks of, on relation of
King to ministers, 128; negotiations of, for ministers, 214, 271.
Hale, Sir Matthew-Why he calls English government absolute, 15;
on the dispensing power, 41; on the councils of the Crown,
Harley, Lord Oxford-Impeachment of, 181.
Henry the First-Charter of, 6; establishes Circuit Courts, 259.
Henry the Second-Legal reforms by, 290.
Henry the Third-Peerage law under, 452.
Henry the Fourth-Dispensing power under, 47; act of, for banishing
Irish, 49; ecclesiastical legislation of, 436; Electoral Act of, 537.
Henry the Fifth-Petition to, against tampering with bills, 57; history
of Resiancy Act of, 524.
Henry the Sixth-Electoral Act of, 538.
Henry the Seventh-One of the tres magi, 24; claims aid for marrying
his daughter, 340.
Henry the Eighth-Will of, as to the succession, 25; illegal grant of,
rescinded, 37; chase of, at Hampton Court, 90; carries Statute
of Uses, 412; becomes insolvent, 414; ends dispute in Commons,
438; erects Court of Wards, 339.
Herbert, Attorney-General-Impeachment of, 105, 108.
Herbert, Chief Justice Disallows claim to dispense with Common
Law, 48.
Household, Royal-How far included in political arrangements, 272.
Houses of Parliament--Differences between, as to legislation, 175;
as to administration, 168; interference of Crown in disputes
between, 188; separation of, 428; last case of separate grants
by, 438.
Immunities-Examples of, 21.
Impeachment-Legal nature of, 112; original design of, 113; latest
instance of, 116; why obsolete, 114; nature of American, ib. ;
only remedy against delinquent judges, 142.
Indemnity Of Lords and Commons, 59, 381.
James the First-Defective title of, 25; favours episcopacy, 26;
disputes with Coke about evocation, 75; objects to Parlia-
mentary interference with his appointments, 121; decides
dispute between Coke and Ellesmere, 309; revenue from
Crown lands under, 349; proposes appropriation, 368.
James the Second-Conduct of, in Sir E. Hale's case, 45; proposes to
swamp the Peers, 180; violates charters, 517.
Juges-Qualification of, 78; oath of, 80; salaries of, 82; tenure of
English, 83; tenure of American, 88; resist Elizabeth, 104;
under Parliamentary control, 141; where responsible to courts,
142; amotion of colonial, 143; when a separate order, 292;
when consulted by Crown, 319, 321; questions determined by
extra-judicial opinions of, 322.
Justice-Interference with, by Executive, 79.
King--Can do no wrong, 20; unlawful command of, void, 22; presence
of, in Parliament, 58; personally administered justice, 67; but
not in modern times, 72; cannot personally arrest, 74; all
political action proceeds from, 94; warrant of, for issue of
money, ib.; personal action of, when legal, 98; commands of,
subject to law, 101; how guided in acts of state, 118; obsolete
sources of influence of, 394.
Knights-Synonymous with less Barons, 429, 446; integration of, with
burgesses, 431; latest instance of separate taxation of, 437; by
order, 519, 527.
Lancaster, Earl of-Attainder of, reversed, 76; constitutional principles
affirmed by, 118.
Land Classes of, in early England, 324; alienation of Crown, 347,
Land Tax-Origin of, 365; defeat of Government on, 379; made per-
Leeds, Duke of--Impeachment of first, 205; curious promotion of,
209; resignation on affair of Oczakow, 219.
Legislation-Stages in Royal power of, 51; first recognition of present
system of, 54; formerly limited, 288, 417.
Legislature Power of, 16; differs from Parliament, 134; means of
defence of separate parts of, 539.
Libel-Law of, 566; as a breach of privilege, 568.
Loans-When effected by tender, 406.
Lords, House of May try commoners on impeachment, 112; appel-
late jurisdiction of, 313; disputes thereon, 314; law lords only
hear appeals, 318; result of two principles, 444; alteration
in writ of summons to, 449.
See Peerage.
Lundy, Colonel-Precedent of, 145.
Macaulay, Lord-On the nature of Parliamentary confidence, 241.
Macclesfield, Lord Chancellor-Impeachment of, 142
Markham, Sir John-On personal arrest by King, 74, 103.
Marriage Incident of, 336.
Martial Law-Grievance of, 109.
Meeting, Public--First political, 572.
Melbourne, Lord-Unable to carry out the policy on which he took
office, 177; view of, as to political position of household,
Melville, Lord---Impeachment of, latest case of the kind, 113.
Mildmay, Sir Walter-Case of, 92.
Military Tenants-The greater and the less, 420.
Millar Case of the printer, 566.
|