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PROGRAMMES OF THE SECTIONS OF
OF THE
WEDNESDAY CLUB.

SOCIAL ECONOMIC SECTION, ST. LOUIS, 1897-1898.

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29c

"Punishment and Reformation," by F. H. Wines. "Juvenile Offenders," by W. D. Morrison. 29c

Article on "Crime and Criminology" by Lombroso, in the Forum for 1895. For the various subjects to be treated, members of the Section are advised always to refer to the list of articles dealing with "Penology" in the "Proceedings of the National Society for Charities and Corrections." An index to the articles in all the volumes from 1874 to 1892 will be found at the end of the volume for 1892.

See also all the various articles in the published proceedings of the National Prison Association of this country.

An account of the 4th International Congress of Criminal Anthropology will be found in The Nation for October 1st, 1896.

I.

November 11th.
THE AMOUNT OF CRIME AND TYPES
OF CRIMINALS-THE BASIS
OF PENOLOGY.

What is meant by Crime, and the changes which have taken place in the term from age to age.

Number of convicts in the prisons of the
United States and the crimes for which
they were committed to prison.
Is Crime increasing or decreasing in
America and Europe?

Juvenile Delinquency. Crimes to which young people are especially subject. Criminals as they are proportioned between white and colored people in the United States.

Classification of Crimes and the few chief types into which Criminals are divided in the science of criminology.

SUBJECT FOR DISCUSSION.

"What is the the influence of the daily press on the Increase or Decrease of Crime? What more could the press do in order to be of influence against Crime?"

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Article on Increase of Crime," by W. D. Morrison, in the Nineteenth Century, vol. 31, page 950.

Article on Decrease of Crime," by Du Cane, in the Nineteenth Century, vol. 83, page 480.

Article on Is Crime Increasing?" Popular Science Monthly, vol. 43, page 399.

See the "Compendium of the United States Census" for figures and statistics as to the number of condemned criminals in this country and the crimes for which they were committed to prison.

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Chapters 3 and 4 on "Personal and Social Causes of Individual Degeneration," in "American Charities," by Amos G. Warner.

Chapter 2, "The Data of Criminal Statistics," in "Criminal Sociology," by Ferri.

See the peculiar theory as to the "Cause and Cure of Crime," in Godwin's "Political Justice."

Article on "Drink and Crime," by Carroll D. Wright, in "Twelfth Annual report of Massachusetts' Labor Commissioner."

30 "Drink and Crime," by F. W. Farrar, in the Fortnightly, Vol. 59, page 783. For the subject of "Drink and Crime," see an article by Falkner in the American Statistical Association for September, 1889. On the same subject see the article "Causes of Crime," by Mr. F. H. Wines in the "Proceedings of the Conference of Charities and Corrections" for 1886. Ref. 29a

Article on "Crime not Hereditary," by W. M. F. Round in Forum, Vol. 16, page 48.

January 13th.

III.

WOMAN AS A CRIMINAL.

Forms of crime predominant among women criminals.

The effect of the increase in the number of women wage-earners on the number of women criminals.

The fact of women assuming the occupations or public duties of men, as tending to lessen or increase the amount of crime among women.

What social conditions would tend to lessen the number of women criminals? The characteristics of women criminals contrasted with the characteristics of men criminals.

The number of women criminals compared with the number of men criminals, and the causes for the difference.

SUBJECT FOR THE DISCUSSION.

REFERENCES.

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Something about Criminal Law, its Origin, and the marked changes it has undergone.

Changes which have taken place in the Severity of Punishments since early times.

Criminal Courts and their Procedure.
Improvements to be hoped for.
What could Legislation do in the way of
lessening the development of Juvenile
Criminals?

Why Does Legislation fail to stamp out
Crime? Is Legislation a failure?

SUBJECT FOR THE DISCUSSION.

"What Could be Done Through Private Organizations, Independent of Legislation, to Lessen the Amount of Crime?"

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Chapter 2, "The Criminal Law," in "The Common Law," by O. W. Holmes, jr. Chapter 10, on "The Early History of Delict and Crime," in in "Ancient Law," by Sir Henry Maine. 19a Chapter 8, "Remedies for Wrongs," in "The Elements of Politics," by H. Sidgwick.

Chapter 8, "The Punitive Power of the State," in "Political Science," Vol. 1, by Theodore D. Woolsey. 26 Article on "Crime and Criminal Law in the United States," in the Edinburgh Review, Vol. 176, page 1.

Article on "Preventive Legislation and Crime," by C. H. Reeve, in the "Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science," Vol. 3. page 223.

Article on "Stamping out of Crime," by Dr. Nathan Oppenheim, in the Popular Science Monthly, Vol. 48, page 527. Article on "Can the Criminal be Reclaimed?" by Dr. H. S. Williams, in the North American Review, Vol. 163, page 207. See the long list of articles on Crime," in Poole's "Index to Periodical Literature" for the last few years.

March 10th.

V.

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THE POLICE SYSTEM; POLICE COURTS; JAILS AND WORK-HOUSES.

The Police System of this as compared with other countries.

The number of Police in proportion to

the population.

The good and bad side of our Police

System-How it could be improved. Report of the "Lexow Investigating Committee' in reference to the Police System of New York City.

The evils of county jails and city lockups-What can be done?

The punishment for minor crimes. Police Courts and their characteristics.

The good and bad side of the Detective System.

SUBJECT FOR THE DISCUSSION.

"What more could be done in the home, for checking the amount of crime?

What characteristic tendencies in the home-life of to-day are liable to be productive of crime.

REFERENCES.

Article on "London Police," by J. Munro, in the North American Review, vol. 151, page 615.

Article on "The Police Problem," by W. R. Balch, in the International Review, vol. 13, page 507.

Article on "Police Control of the Dangerous Classes," by C. G. Tiedeman, in the American Law Review, vol. 19, page 547.

Article on "Definition and Sphere of Police Power," by Theodore Woolsey, in the "Proceedings of the Prison Congress for 1874 in St. Louis." Article on "Police Organization and Administration" and "Police Force of Cities," by Charles E. Fenton, in the National Prison Association Report for 1888 and 1890.

Article on “County Jails as Reformatory Institutions," by E. B. Merrill, in the American Journal of Social Science. See articles on "Jails," under the heading "Penology," in the publications of the "Proceedings of the National Society for Charities and Corrections." For figures and statistics with reference

to Police and Police Systems, see the volume "Police and Prison Cyclopaedia," by George W. Hale, published in 1892.

April 14th.

VI.

Ref. 29c

PRISONS AND THE PRISON SYSTEM; THE PUNISHMENT OF CRIME.

Something About the History of Earlier Kinds of Punishment.

The Condition of Jails and Prisons in Former Times.

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Articles on "Prisons and Prison Discipline," by Arthur Griffiths, in vol. 19, of the Encyclopaedia Britannica. See the whole volume on "Punishment and Reformation," by F. H. Wines. Article on "Reclamation of the Criminal -Improved Prison Treatment, by

President Flint, before the N. Y. State Medical Association, and as Occasional Circular of Information No. 5 of Elmira Reformatory.

For the topic "What Justifies Punishment," see the readings for "Legislation and Penology."

SCIENCE SECTION.

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No. 8-Sociology and Psychology. S. N. Patten.

No. 7-Social Science and Individual Determinism. G. F. Fiamingo.

No. 3-The Economic Causes of Political and Social Science. S. N. Patten. PUBLIC OPINION, NO. 20.

Social Morality. J. S. Hyslop.

Practical Development of Sociology. J. R. Reynolds.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY.

Vol. 2-Purpose of Sociology. L. F. Ward.

Vol. 1-Sociology and Anthropology. Same.

Vol. 1-Sociology and Psychology. Same.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE.

No. 34-Sociological Retrospect. F. J. Kingsbury.

No. 32-Relation of Sociology to Scientific Studies. F. H. Giddings.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ETHICS.

No. 6-Social Evolution. D. G. Ritchie. No. 3-Ethics of Social Progress. F. H Giddings.

NINETEENTH CENTURY.

No. 35-Early Social Self-Government. J. Simon.

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY.

No. 49-Sociology in Ethical Education. B. C. Matthews.

No. 50-Relations of Sociology and Biology. Herbert Spencer.

MIND, JAN., '97.

The Relation of Sociology to Philosophy. B. Bosanquet.

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